Oogqirha nokufa: Nguwuphi uMsebenzi weNgcali kunye noxanduva lwabagulane?
Xa oogqirha begqiba ekubeni ngabagqirha, abaninzi banjenjalo ngenxa yokunqwenela ukunceda ukukhusela izifo nokufa, ukuphucula impilo kunye nokuphila kwezigulane zabo, nokunyanga, ukuphilisa, nokuphilisa izigulane nanini na kunokwenzeka.
Kodwa, kuthekani ukuba, njengogqirha, ufumanisa ukuba akukho nto ongayenza ukuze uncede isigulane sakho sibe ngcono? Kuthekani ukuba akukho nto onokuyenza ukuze uncede isigulane sakho sithobele nayiphi na impawu yobomi?
Kuthekani ukuba isigulane sakho sibuhlungu kangaka, ukuba unqwenela ukufa , kunokuba uhlale entlungu, kwaye ungenanto yokuzonwabisa? Kuthekani ukuba inxalenye yengcaciso yakho yomsebenzi ibandakanya ukuvumela isigulane ukuba sife, okanye nokuba sincede unogulane ukwenza njalo? Njengoko ugqirha uqeqeshelwa ukunyanga nokwandisa ubomi, uhlanganisa njani iimfuno zesigulane sakho sokugula, kunye nomsebenzi wakho njengogqirha ukuze usindise ubomi kwaye 'ungalimazi'?
Njengoko uphuhliso lwezokwelapha lunceda izigulane ziphile ixesha elide emva kokuba umgangatho wobomi uphelile, ipesenti ekhulayo yoogqirha inika inkxaso ukunyanzelisa ukunceda izigulane zithathe ulawulo lobomi babo nokufa, kwaye ziqhubeke nokuphela kobomi ngesithunzi , ngokuchasene ukubhujiswa.
Amagqirha aseMerika ngoku axhasa ukufa kunye nesidima ngokusebenzisa uncedo lwezokwelapha ekufeni ngamaphesenti angama-23 (i-54% ngokumalunga ne-31%), ngokwemibuzo ye-Medscape iqhube ukuwa kwama-17,000 aseMelika oogqirha abamele iingcali ezingama-28 zonyango.
Nangona kunjalo, eli nani libonisa ukuba kusekhona oogqirha abaninzi abangenakunyaniseka ukuba kufuneka babe ncedisa isigulane ukufa.
Lo mbandela waziswa ekugqibeleni umfazi osemtsha, emva kokufumanisa ukuba unesifo esibulalayo, wasebenzisa iiveki ezimbalwa zokugqibela emhlabeni ukuba akhuphe ilungelo lokufa ngesithunzi.
Ukulawula inkqubo yakhe yokuphela kokuphila, iBrittany Maynard yafudukela e-Oregon, enye yezinto ezintlanu apho ikhona ngokusemthethweni ukufumana uncedo lonyango lwezonyango ngokufa ngokwazo. Ngoncedo lwezonyango, uMaynard wagqiba ubomi bakhe ngaphambi kokuba ugula lwakhe lunokuyichengula umzimba wakhe ngokukhawuleza nangokubuhlungu. UNksz Maynard kunye nosapho lwakhe bamemezela uhambo lwakhe, beshiya ifa elinamandla lokufa ngesithunzi, kunye nokukhula okukhulu kwentshukumo ekhulayo.
Imfesane kunye neNqununu, inkulu yelizwe kunye nenhlangano enkulu kunazo zonke ezisebenzayo ukuphucula ukunakekelwa nokwandisa ukhetho lokuphila, sele iqulunqe iqela lokukhuthaza abagqirha elibizwa ngokuba yiiDkt. Bathemba ukusabalalisa ulwazi phakathi kwamagqirha ukuba bancede batshintshe umgaqo-nkqubo kumazwe asele ukuba avumele ngokusemthethweni uncedo lwezokwelapha ekufeni. (Okwangomthetho kuphela e-Oregon, eWashington, e-Montana, eVermont naseNew Mexico, ngelixa ezinye iindibano ezingama-23 zineentlawulo kwinkqubo yokugunyaza olu khetho lokugqibela, ngokutsho koogqirha beSidima.)
Ukongezelela, iNceba kunye neCandelo leeMatriki kunye neSidumo zifuna ukuba i-AMA iguqulwe isimo sayo kwiinkonzo zonyango ekupheleni kwezinto zokuphila. (I-AMA ngoku ingayichasayo.)
"Nangona i-AMA iphikisana nenkxaso yonyango ekufeni, ndiyakrokra amaninzi amalungu e-AMA - njengam - axhasayo," kutsho uDkt. Eric Kress, ilungu le-AMA kunye nodokotela oqinisekisiwe ebhodini kwiyeza zentsapho, esibhedlele kunye nonyango I-Missoula, eMontana ebonakalayo kwisibhengezo sokubamba inthanethi. "Oogqirha abaninzi bayazibonela ngamava ukuba nokuba i-hospice ephezulu kunye nokunyamekela okunyamezelayo akunakunciphisa ubunzima obungapheliyo kubo bonke abagulayo. Siyanikhuthaza oogqirha abancedisa uncedo lwezokwelapha ekufeni ukuba bathethe ngokujoyina iiDokotela eziDumini. "
Ukuxhaswa kwabasebenzi bezonyango kwi-medical aid ekufeni kungaphenjiswa nenkxaso yayo ekhulayo phakathi kwezigulane zabo.
Phantse ezisixhenxe kwi-10 yamaMerika (i-68%) iyavuma ukuba "abantu abagulayo, bebuhlungu obukhulu kwaye bangenalo ithuba lokubuyiselwa, banelungelo lokukhetha ukuphelisa ubomi babo," ngokweengxelo ze-Gallup's Values and Beliefs. UGallup uqaphele ukuba inkxaso "iphakanyisiwe malunga namaxesha angama-20 kwiminyaka emibili edluleyo kwaye iphakamileyo kwinqanaba elingaphezulu kweminyaka elishumi."
Sithole ulwazi olongezelelweyo kulo mbandela nge-intanethi yodliwano kunye noMary Steiner, uMququzeleli, oogqirha beSidima, kunye noMat Whitaker, uMlawuli wezoMmandla waseOregon kunye noMboneleli wezeMpilo weSizwe uMboneleli weNkxaso yoBubele kunye noKhetho.
Umbuzo: Wathini kwaye kutheni ukuba iiNtatheli zeSidima sisekelwe? Kutheni ngoku? Ngubani owasekwayo, kwaye yintoni ephefumlelweyo?
Oogqirha Bokuhlonipha: Inceba Nezigqibo ziyaqaphela ukuba oogqirha banako ukuphulaphula abanye oogqirha xa kuziwa ekubekeni umgaqo-nkqubo. Injongo yethu kukubonelela ngolwazi ngokucwangciswa kokuphela kokuphila, kubandakanywa uncedo ekufeni.
Kukho amandla ngamanani. Oogqirha beSidima siya kunika abanye "isembozo" kwaye banikele ngenkxaso kunye nemfundo komnye nomnye. Injongo enye kukuvumela oogqirha ukuba baqaphele kunye nokusebenzisana nezigulane zabo ezijongene nemicimbi yokugqibela. Enye injongo kukuhambisa imibutho echasene nokunceda ekufeni nokuba kungathathi hlangothi okanye umgaqo. Xa oogqirha bekhuluma ngokucacileyo malunga nezikhundla zabo, kunceda ukufeza le njongo.
Oogqirha baya kuba iintetho kwiinkomfa zonyango kwaye banikele ulwazi kunye nemfundo. Oogqirha beSidima baya kubhala iileta kumhleli kwaye banikele ubungqina "beengcali" kumalungu omthetho kunye nenkundla ukuba kufuneka. Umgca wokugqibela kukuvumela oogqirha ukuba basebenzise kwaye bafune imigaqo-nkqubo yokuphela komgaqo-nkqubo, kuquka ukufa kunye nesidima.
Umbuzo: Ukukhula kobulungu kuye kwandula kutshanje? Ngaba kukho naziphi na iintlobo zoogqirha okanye ubuncinci ukuba bangayithanda le ntshukumo? (umzekelo, ngaba oogqirha abancinci bavulekele ngakumbi kuwo, okanye iindawo ezithile ezibonakalayo zibandakanyeka / zivulekele kuyo, njl?)
Oogqirha Bokuhlonipha: Ukunyuka koogqirha kubulungu boBuhlonipha kubonakala kuhlangene neziganeko zelizwe. Sifumane amalungu xa uBrithtany Maynard ekhuthaza uluntu ekufeni. Oogqirha baseCalifornia baye bangena kwiinqununu ezinkulu ngenxa yowiso-mthetho obuswelekileyo owenziwe kwiphalamende yombuso kwaye siye sabona amalungu amaninzi ajoyina ngexesha leNdibano ye-AMA. Sifumana namalungu nakwezinye iinkomfa apho Intlungu kunye neZenzo zinakho.
Oogqirha bezizukulwana ngezizukulwana bajoyina ukunyuka kokukhetha kokuphela kokuphila. Nangona kunjalo, abo bachitha ixesha kunye nezigulane abanesigulo sokugula badla ukuba banxulumene ngakumbi nangenxa yokuba babone ngokubaluleka ukubaluleka komgangatho, ukunyamekela ekugqibeleni isigxina.
Umbuzo: Ungathini kumgqirha "ocingweni" malunga nale ngxaki - mhlawumbi banenkinga yokulungelelanisa oko bafundiswa kwisikolo sezokwelapha: ukuziphatha ngokwempilo, kunye namalungelo omguli ukuba afe nesidima. .
Oogqirha beSidima: Incoko malunga nokuziphatha kwezempilo kunye nokunyamekela kwenkqubela-bomi ihlala iqhubeka nezobuchwepheshe obutsha, imodeli yokunyamekela kunye neembono zentlalo, kodwa kwinqanaba lezo zonke iinkqubela phambili kukubaluleka kokubaluleka kokuthatha isigqibo kunye nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo . Kuye kwathiwa ukuba izigulane ziotitshala abagqwesileyo. Ndiya kubakhuthaza oogqirha ukuba bathathe ngokunyanisekileyo izigulane zabo baze bavelele ngeemeko zabo ezithile. Beka kwindawo ephakathi kwenkqubo kwaye umbono wakho uya kutshintsha.
Umbuzo: Kwimeko apho kusemthethweni ukubonelela ngoncedo ekufeni, umgaqo-nkqubo uthintele njani ukhetho lokuphila?
Oogqirha beSidima: Lo nyaka, ngenxa yonyango olusebenzayo lwezonyango ngabaqondisi bethu bezonyango, oogqirha abangakumbi kunokuba banakekele izigulane ngokusebenzisa ukufa kweNkqubo yoBumkani base-Oregon (ukwanda kwe-34% ngo-2013).
Umbuzo: Yintoni ofunekayo ugqirha ukuba abanomdla kule ntshukumo? Banganceda njani?
Oogqirha Bokuhlonipha: Ndiya kubakhuthaza oogqirha abanomdla ukuba bacele umnxeba wethu weDoc2Doc ukuze bafumane okungakumbi malunga nendlela abanokuxhasa ngayo izigulane zabo kwaye babhalisele iiDktara zethu ngeCandelo loBuhloniphekileyo. Ndiya kubakhuthaza ukuba bavumele ukuba ilizwi labo livelele kokubili ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yabo kunye nabameli babo abakhethiweyo.
Umbuzo: Ingaba le nto ingayibangela ingxabano phakathi kwendawo yokusebenza ukuba oogqirha abaneengcamango ezahlukeneyo? Ngokomzekelo, ukuba omnye ugqirha uthanda ukufa kunye nesidima, kodwa omnye ugqirha uvakalelwa kukuba "uncedise ukuzibulala" kwaye uyayiphikisa ngokukodwa, ngaba kunokubangela ukuba kukho iingxaki zomsebenzi? Ukuba kunjalo, amayeza angayiphatha njani?
Oogqirha Bokuhlonipha: Amava ethu e-Oregon abonisa ukuba oogqirha abaneembali kunye nolwalamano ngokubanzi baqondana nemibono nempembelelo yomnye nomnye. Abanye bamabutho ethu asebenzayo asebenze kunye nabanye abachasayo kakhulu. Ngokusondelana ngokuhlonelana kunye novelwano, banako ukusebenzisana ngokufutshane ngelixa begcina ingxoxo malunga nalo mbandela ovulekile kwaye uthembekile.
Umbuzo: Ngaba izikolo zezobugqirha zilungisa okanye zihlaziya iikharityhulam zazo zonke ngokubhekiselele kule ntshukumo?
Oogqirha Bokuhlonipha: E-Oregon, izikolo zimbini zonyango zibonelela ngamathuba okubandakanya ukuqeqeshwa kwindlela yokwelapha yokunceda ekufeni. Abafundi abaninzi bezobugqirha belizwe lonke baqhagamshelana nathi kwaye bafumanisa indlela abanokufunda ngayo ngakumbi ngale ndlela yokuphela kokuphila. Ngaloo nyanga, [sasisetyenziselwa] imibutho emibini yezifundo zonyango, zombini kumzantsi, malunga nendlela yokufumana ulwazi oluninzi. Incoko iyanda kwaye iguquke ngezinga elimangalisayo.