Iingqungquthela, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-herpes zoster (HZ), zibuhlungu obubuhlungu kunye nokungabonakaliyo obubangelwa ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwe-varicella yoster virus (VZV) enoxanduva lokukhupha inkukhu. Ngaphandle kwezinto eziphazamisayo kunye neentlungu ezingundoqo iimpawu zokubhinqa, abaninzi abantu bayaqhubeka bebuhlungu xa bexiliswa-imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi- neuralgia ye-postural (PHN). Iingxowa zingaphathwa ngemishanguzo yokulwa neyeza kunye neendlela zokunceda izifo, kodwa kubaluleke nakakhulu ukulawula ukukhwabanisa kukuthintela: Abantu abafumana isitofu sokugonywa kwenkukhu baya kuphephela izibonda ngenxa yokuba bakhuselwe ukusulelwa ngu-varicella kwindawo yokuqala. Kwalabo abaneenkukhu, kunezigulane ezimbini.
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IimpawuIimpawu zengqungquthela zibonakala zimbini kwizigaba ezihlukeneyo. Ngethuba lokuqala kwezi zinto, isigaba sokuqala, umntu uya kufumana iimpawu zentsholongwane jikelele, njengesifo somkhuhlane, intloko, kunye nokukhathala. Kungekudala iintlungu ziya kukhula. Abantu baye bachaza intlungu ye-shingles njengokutshisa, ukugubha, ukukhupha, ukudubula kunye nokunye. Intlungu ngokuqhelekileyo iza kuphelelwa kwelinye icala lomzimba.
Kwinqanaba lesibini leengqungquthela, isikhumba apho intlungu yokuqala ivakalelwa iya kuba yibomvu kwaye ibuhlungu kwintetho, kufana nokutshiswa kwelanga. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, i-blister egcwele amanzi, okanye i-vesicles, iya kuphuhliswa kule ndawo. Ekugqibeleni, ezi ziza kunqumla, kodwa zize zenziwe ngumntu osuleleka-zithetha umntu ongakhuselekanga nenkukhu (ngokwemvelo ngenxa yokuba baye bafumana okanye ngenxa yokuba baye bagonywa) bangafumana inkukhu yokudibanisa ukukhawuleza kweengxowa.
Iingxaki ezivela kwi-shingles ziquka i-PHN, enokuhlala iiveki okanye kwiminyaka emva kokuqhaqhazela, kunye nokusuleleka kwezilwanyana ezifana ne-impetigo (intsholongwane yebhaktheriya) kunye ne-meningitis. Xa i-shingles blisters ikhula ebusweni ingabangela umonakalo ongapheliyo kwamehlo okanye ukuva.
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UkuxilongwaNangona intlungu ehamba ngaphambi kokukhwabanisa ingakwazi ukuphosakela ngenye into, i-blister ngokwazo ihluke kakhulu. Oku kuyinyani ngokukhethekileyo kwipateni abayidalayo: Akunakwenzeka nje ukuba ukukhwabanisa kwesibhakabhaka kuvela kwicala elinye lomzimba, ngokuqhelekileyo lihamba kunye nomxholongwane wesikhumba. Ukuba umntu uhlakulela ngokukhawuleza kwaye unembali yengonyango yenkukhu, oogqirha abaninzi baya kuhlola i-shingles esekelwe ekuhloleni ngokwasemzimbeni kuphela. Ukuba kukho naluphi na ukungathandabuzeki, ukutshatyalaliswa kwezicubu okanye inkcubeko yenkcubeko kunokuqinisekisa ubungqina.
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Izizathu kunye neengoziIingqungquthela zikhula xa i-virus ye-varicella, eyabangela inkukhu, inokusebenza emva kokulala komzimba kwinkqubo ye-nervous-often after decades. Kutheni oku kwenzekayo akuqondwa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa kucinga ukuba intsholongwane iphinda ivele xa i-immune system iyancipha-ukuvela kwendalo kunye nobudala. Esi sizathu esinye isizathu sokuba abantu basengozini yokukhwela ngamabhonkcoba abo bangama-50 okanye ama-60 abo ababenomkhuhlane njengabantwana.
Kodwa zikhona ezinye izizathu zokukhuselwa ngumzimba umntu-ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane yomntu (i-HIV), umzekelo, okanye njengempembelelo yamacandelo afana ne-chemotherapy. Kwabantwana banokuthi banokubakho. Ngethamsanqa, ukukhwabanisa kunqabile kubantwana abangaphantsi kwe-10 kwaye abo bahlayo nesifo bavame ukuba nempawu ezinzima kunokuba abadala bakwenze. Abantwana abasemngciphekweni weengqungquthela yilabo babenomkhuhlane ngaphambi kokuba baneminyaka engama-ubudala okanye oomama babo babenomkhuhlane nge-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa.
Kukho ubungqina bokuba ngamaxesha athile uxinzelelo luba nendima ekukhuseleni. Oku kungabakho ukuxhatshazwa kwimiyezo kunye nokuxhalaba okanye isiganeko esisiphazamisayo esisodwa, njengokulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi okanye othandekayo.
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UnyangoOkokuqala kunye nokuphambili xa unyanga iinqabunga kubalulekile ukuyeka intsholongwane ye-varicella ukuba iphindaphindiwe: Sekude ivumelekile ukuba iqhube phambili ibangele amabhalantshi, iphakamileyo ingozi yeengxaki ezizayo. Imithi ye-Antiviral-Zovirax (acyclovir), i-Famvir (famciclovir), okanye i-Valtrex (i-valacyclovir) -yasebenza kakhulu xa ithathwa kwiiyure ezingama-72 zoqhaqhozo olukhunjulwayo.
Ngaphandle koko, ingqwalasela ekujonganeni neengxinxu kukukhupha iimpawu. Izindlela ezincedisayo zokutyelela i-blister kunye nokugqithisa ziquka:
- Ukuhlamba kwindawo yokuhlamba i-oatmeal
- Ukugqoka iingubo ezigqithisileyo, ngokubhekiselele kwindawo ekuqhutywe ngayo ukugqithisa
- Ukusebenzisa ukuzinyamekela okunempilo-ukufumana ukuphumla okuninzi, ukutya kakuhle, ukunyanzelisa umzimba (uTha Chi ufunyenwe ukunceda abanye abantu), njalo njalo
Iintlungu eziqhelekileyo kunye nokuphazamiseka zingaphathwa ngononophelo olongezelelekileyo lwentlungu, i-OTC), okubandakanya iziyobisi ezingekho-steroidal ezichasayo (i-NSAID) ezifana neTylenol (acetaminophen) kunye ne-Advil (ibuprofen); i-antihistamines yomlomo kunye neengqungquthela zokunciphisa; kunye neminye imikhiqizo ye-OTC, njenge-calamine lotion, i-lidocaine kunye ne-capsaicin.
Kukho inzuzo ethile kwiindlela ezithile zonyango-phakathi kwazo, ukucwenga, ukutshintshwa kwamandla omnxeba (TENS), i-hypnosis, kunye nezondlo ezinomsoco ezibizwa ngokuthi i-proteolytic enzymes.
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ThinteloKwabani na ongeke abe nenkukhu, inqakrazo yokuthintela ukukhwabanisa kukufumana isitofu se-varicella. Okwangoku, le inoculation ye-double-dose inoculation enempumelelo kakhulu inxalenye yeshedyuli yokugonywa kwabantwana, kodwa nayo inokunikezelwa kwabantwana abangaphezulu kwe-13 kunye nabantu abadala abangakaze babe nenkukhu.
Kubantu abaye banesifo senkukhu kwaye ngenxa yoko banesifo segciwane lesifo se-varicella esilalayo, zikhona iigciwane ezimbini zengcinezelo ezikhoyo. Enye yezi zinto, i-Zostavax (tktkt) ifumaneka ukususela ngowama-2006, kodwa ithathelwe indawo njenge-vaccine ekhethiweyo yokuzikhethela ngamaziko okuLawula nokuLawulwa kwezifo kunye nesibhamu esibizwa ngokuba yiShingrix. I-Shingrix ifumaneke ukuba isebenze ngakumbi kuneZostavax.
Ngaphandle kokugonywa, ukugcina impilo ephilileyo, kunye nokuphepheka kwengcinezelo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kunokukunceda ukukhusela i-virus ye-varicella yokulala ukuba isebenze kwakhona.
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ILizwiAkunakho umbuzo wokuba isifo sisifo esibi kakhulu, esona sincinci sibuhlungu kwaye, ngokuxhomekeka apho i-rash ikhona khona, kunokukwenza uzive unelisekile uze uphilise. Kwizona nkqantosi, iingqungquthela zinexesha elide kunye neengxaki ezisisigxina. Zonke ezi ngxaki zinokuthi zithintelwe, nangona kunjalo, ngezigulana ezilula-ukuba unomntwana omncinci ongenayo intsholongwane njengomntwana okanye ngentshontsho xa wenza. Ugqirha wakho unokukunceda ukuba uqaphele isicwangciso esiphila kwisiganeko sokuphila kunye nembali yakho yezobugqirha, ngoko ke kufuneka ufikelele kumboneleli wakho wezempilo okanye wongeze imibuzo malunga nezikhwama kuluhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza ukukhangela ngokulandelayo.