Ngokwemvelo, i-Synthetic, Plant-based, kunye ne-Xenoestrogens
I-Estrogen iyimfuneko ebalulekileyo yokulawula i-hormone kumzimba wesifazane. Ezinye zeenguqu zintle kakhulu, ezifana nokugcina amathambo akho anamandla kodwa angakhokelela ekukhuleni komhlaza wesifuba. Yintoni omele uyayizi malunga neentlobo ze-estrogens zemvelo eziveliswa ngaphakathi komzimba wowesifazane, i-estrogen edibeneyo, i-estrogens esekelwe kwisityalo kunye ne-xenoestrogens?
Ziziphi i-Estrogens?
I-Estrogen ayiyona yodwa ikhemikhali kodwa kunoko iqela lamahomoni ajongene nophuhliso lomfazi kunye nokukwazi ukuba nabantwana.
I-Estrogen ikunceda ukulawula umjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini , ukhusela amathambo ekunqumeni, kwaye ugcina amaqondo e-cholesterol aphantsi ukukhusela intliziyo yakho. Nangona i-estrogen yinto eqhelekileyo kunye neyimfuneko, i-estrogen ngamanye amaxesha inokunceda ukuguqula izicubu zesifuba eziqhelekileyo zibe ngamagciwane.
Akunjalo zonke i-estrogens ziveliswa kumzimba wesifazane, nangona kunjalo, kwaye uyaziqhelanisa ne-estrogens yokuvelisa kwiipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa kunye ne-hormone yonyango yokutshintshwa. Uluhlu alupheli apho. Kukho ii-phytoestrogens eziguqulelwe "kwi-plant estrogens" kunye ne-xenoestrogens, i-estrogens enamandla enokuhlala kuyo yonke into esuka kwiiplastiki ukuya kutshatyalaliswa.
I-Estrogens yemvelo kwiBhunga laBesifazane
Iindidi ze-estrogen emzimbeni womfazi ngokwahlukileyo ngokusekelwe ekubeni ngaba i-foremenopausal okanye i-postmenopausal. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ze-estrogen ngaphakathi komzimba wakho owenziwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
I-Estrogens Pre-Menopausal
- Estrone (E1): Estrone ezenziwe kwiimingqimba ngaphambi kokumisa. Emva kokuphuma kwesikhashana, i-estrone igcinwe kwi-body fat and cells cells. Abasetyhini abanamafutha omzimba amaninzi baya kufumana ukutshisa okutshisa ngexesha lokuphela kwesisu, nangona umzimba wabo ugcina ngaphezulu kwe-estrone kunabesifazane abancinci. Umveliso we-Estrone uhla ngexesha lokukhulelwa, okunciphisa ixesha lokuphila kwakho kwi-estrogen. (Kungenxa yoko ukukhulelwa kunesiphumo sokukhusela ekuphuhliseni umdlavuza webele).
- I-Estradiol (E2): Njenga-estrone, i-estradiol yenziwe kuma-ovari. Ngethuba lokukhulelwa, kunokuveliswa ngaphantsi kwe-estradiol ngokunjalo.
- I-Estriol (E3): I- Estriol yenziwe yi-placenta ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Olu hlobo lwe-estrogen luveliswa ngobuninzi buninzi, ngaphezu kwe-estrone okanye i-estradiol, ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ukuveliswa kwe-Estriol yinkcazo yempilo yengane yakho
Estrogens Menopausal
Njengoko usondela kumva , i-ovaries yakho iya kuncipha (i-atrophy) kunye nokuveliswa kwe-estrogen kunye neprogesterone kuya kuguquka ngexesha le nkqubo. Ziyinqanaba eliphantsi la ma hormone abangela ukutshisa okutshisa , ixesha elingaqhelekanga, ukukhupha ebusuku, ukuguquka kwemizwelo kunye nezinye iimpawu. Oogqirha banokuyiphatha le mpawu nge-hormone yonyango (HRT) ixesha elifutshane, kodwa ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kunxulumene nomngcipheko wokwanda komhlaza wesisu.
Emva kokuphuma kwimizi, i-androgens (i-hormone yamadoda) eveliswa yi-adrenal glands iguqulwa kwiisisu zibe yi-estrogen. Yile mpendulo ejoliswe kubasetyhini abanomdlavuza webele we-postmenopausal receptor-positive. I-enzyme (iprotheni) ejongene nokuguqula i-estroggen ibizwa ngokuba yi-aromatase. Amachiza omhlaza wesifuba okuthiwa i-aromatase inhibitors (njenge-Aromasin, Arimidex, ne-Femara) ayaphazamisa izenzo ze-enzyme ukuze i-estrogen ingakwazi ukuveliswa.
U-Estrogens Uveliswa Ngaphandle kweBhunga
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili ze-estrogen eziveliswa ngaphandle komzimba wakho. Ezinye zidalwe izityalo, ezinye zisesemgangathweni, kwaye uhlobo lwesithathu lubandakanya ezo zenziwe ngokubambisana kwilebhu.
Phytoestrogens
I-Phytoestrogens ityala i-estrogens efunyenwe kwizityalo kunye ne-botanicals. Ezi zityalo zi-phytoestrogens zingaba nemiphumo efana ne-estrogen emzimbeni wakho xa uyayifaka. Impembelelo yezityalo ze-estrogens zibuthathaka kakhulu kunama-estrogens akhiqizwa ngamaqanda akho kodwa unokuba nemiphumo ebonakalayo yeklinikhi.
Kudideka ukuthetha malunga neeprotoestrogens. Ukwazi i-estrogen inxulumene nomngcipheko wokwanda komdlavuza webele, ngaba oko kuthetha ukuba akufanele udle izityalo? Kunceda ukuqonda ukuba i-estrogens esekelwe kwisityalo isebenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunama-hormone ethu omzimba. Kwimizimba yethu, i-phytoestrogens inokuba ne-estrogen-okanye i-anti-estrogen kwimiphumo ngokuxhomekeka kwimizimba ethile.
Kungaba lula ukuyichaza oku ngokuqwalasela indlela umhlaza wesibeleko webele we-tamoxifen usebenza ngayo. Xa abafazi abanomdlavuza webele we-premenopausal receptor-positive, le nkunkuma inganciphisa umngcipheko wokuphindaphinda. I-Tamoxifen ibophelela kwiimvumi ze-estrogen kodwa inemiphumo efana ne-estrogen kwezinye izicubu kunye nemiphumela yokulwa ne-anti-estrogen kwabanye. Ngeeseli zebele (kunye neeseli zomhlaza zesisu), i-tamoxifen ibopha kwi-estrogen receptor ukuze i-estrogen ingakwazi ukubopha. Le nyathelo ivimbela i-estrogen ekubeni ibophe kwaye ivuselele ukukhula kwe-tumor. Kwezinye izicubu, nangona kunjalo, unokuba neziphumo ezinjenge-estrogen. Ngenxa ye-pro-estrogen yayo ithintela kumathambo, inokwenene isebenze ukuqinisa amathambo afana nendlela i-estrogen engokwemvelo eyenzayo.
Ezinye izityalo eziqukethe i-phytoestrogens ziquka i-soybe, i-clover ebomvu, iimbotyi, i-corners, kunye ne-flaxseeds. Kukho ezininzi "ezendalo" ezongezelelweyo zokutya eziqulethe iiprotoestrogens ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimpawu ze-menopausal. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ezinye zezibonelelo zonyango akufanele zisetyenziswe ngabafazi abanomdlavuza wesibeleko okanye kwingozi enkulu yokwenza isifo.
Xenoestrogens
I-Xenoestrogens ifumaneka kwiikhemikhali ezikhoyo kwimeko yethu, ezininzi zazo ziyi-petrochemicals. I-Xenoestrogens inamandla kakhulu kune-estrogen umzimba wakho wenza, kwaye ukugqithisa kakhulu kule mijelo efana ne-estrogen yendalo ingaba nemiphumo emibi kwimpilo yakho. I-Xenoestrogens yindawo yezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi-endocrine-disrupting agents ezibonisa umdla kunye nokukhathazeka ngendlela echaphazela ngayo umzimba womntu ekukhuleni nasekuphuhlisweni. I-Bisphenol-A efumaneka kwezinye iiplastiki ngumzekelo omnye.
Ngelixa uphando alukuphelelanga, kukho ubungqina bokuba ezinye zezi zixhobo zingaphazamisa ukuphuhliswa ngokwesondo, ukuvelisa, kwaye mhlawumbi ibe ngumngcipheko wesifo somhlaza webele. Sisebenzisa iimveliso eziqukethe i-xenoestrogens imihla ngemihla. Zifumaneka kwezinye iiplastiki, i-electronics, amayeza, ukutya, isepha, kunye neeprotictic. Imeko yethu (amanzi, umoya, umhlaba kunye nezityalo) yongcoliswa yi-xenoestrogens evela kummandla wokuvelisa kunye nokulahlwa kwemveliso equkethe i-xenoestrogens.
Syghetic Estrogens
I-estrogens yintsebenziswano iveliswa ngamaqumrhu okurhweba kwaye iquka uhlobo olwenziweyo lwe-estrogen ebizwa ngokuba yi- Ethinyl estradiol . Ama-estrogens, anjengama-xenoestrogens, ngokubanzi anamandla kune-estrogens. Ziyakuthi zifumaneke kumachiza aqhelekileyo afana neepilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa kunye ne-hormone ye-substitution.
Ngaphambi kuka-2002, i-hormone yonyango yokuguqula (HRT) yayimiselwe izizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo yayithathwa njengepilisi emangalisayo eyayinokuphuza inkqubo yokuguga. Kusebenza kakhulu ekunciphiseni iimpawu zamanopausal ezifana nokutshisa okutshisayo kunye nokomileyo kwesisu, kwaye kubonakala kukunceda ngokuguquguquka kwemizwelo exhaphakileyo ngexesha lokuphela kwesisu. Ukongezelela ekulawuleni iimpawu ze-menopausal, kwabhiyozelwa ngenxa yokukwazi ukunciphisa ithambo elincinci, kunye nokucinga iingenelo ngokubhekiselele kwisifo senhliziyo kunye ne-Alzheimer's.
Isifundo soPhulo lwezeMpilo lwaBasetyhini esashicilelwe ngo-2002 saxhatshazwa kwabasetyhini kunye noogqirha babo ngokufanayo. Isilwanyana esingummangaliso sangaphambili, ngelixa ixhamla kwiimpawu ze-menopausal zazingenanzuzo ekunciphiseni ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo kunye nemivimbo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kuyo yonke into kukuba i-HRT ngokwenene yandisa ingozi yomhlaza wesifuba. Ukuqinisekiswa kwesi sifo, amazinga amatsha amatyala omhlaza wesifuba aqala ukuhla njengoko inani elikhulu labasetyhini bayeka ukuthatha i-HRT.
I-Estrogens kunye neengozi zeCatalcer Risk
U-Estradiol ukwandisa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wesibeleko kwintombi yase-postmenopausal.
Izicwangciso zokukhulelwa komlomo (iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa) ziqulethe i-estrogen, kwaye kukho izilumkiso ekusebenziseni la mayeza. Kwabesetyhini abasengozini yomdlavuza webele, ukulawulwa kokuzalwa kungabangela ingozi. Iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa nazo (kodwa ngokungafanekiyo) zihambelana nemivimbo kunye negazi (i-vein thrombosis).
Amanqanaba e-estrogen aphantsi anxulumene nomngcipheko ophantsi wokuvelisa umdlavuza webele. Ukuba nomntwana wokuqala ngaphambi kokuba uneminyaka engama-30 kunye nokuba nabantwana abaninzi banxulumene nomngcipheko ophantsi (ngenxa yokuveliswa kwe-estrogens ngexesha lokukhulelwa). Nangona kunjalo, ukukhulelwa kuhambelana nomngcipheko omncinci wokuvelisa umdlavuza webele kwi-line, kodwa umngcipheko omkhulu emva kokubeleka uphezulu kunabesifazane abangakhange bazalwe.
Nangona oogqirha bengasebenzisi ii-blood isrogen amanqanaba ekufumaneni ingozi yomhlaza wesifuba, kubalulekile ukuqaphela indima yale hormone ekwenzeni umdlavuza. Ukugcina amanqanaba e-estrogen enempilo, oogqirha bancoma ukuba uthathe amanyathelo okunciphisa umngcipheko wokuvelisa umdlavuza webele:
- Gcina isisindo esifanelekileyo
- Ukunciphisa utywala
- Ukuzivocavoca rhoqo
- Gwema unyango lwe-hormone ye-post-menopausal ukuba ugqirha wakho ucinga ukuba usengozini
- Gcina amehlo akho neendlebe zivulekile ukuze ufunde kabanzi malunga ne-xenoestrogens. Uninzi lwezi khemikhali kunzima ukuwuphepha, kodwa uqaphele kude kube yinto esilungekileyo. Kukho uphando oluninzi oluqhubekayo kwaye mhlawumbi siyakuva ngakumbi kwiminyaka ezayo. Izifundo ezifana nomntu ojongene neBisphenol-A ekunciphiseni isifo somhlaza wesifuba esithile sesibongo sichaza ukuba indima ye-xenoestrogens ekuphuculweni komhlaza wamabele ifuna ukuhlolisiswa ngokucophelela isisiseko se-iceberg.
- Ukuba ucinga ukuthatha ulungiselelo lwezityalo uthabatha i-phytoestrogens, khuluma nomsebenzi wezonyango oye wafunda ezi zongezelelo. Kukho abanye oogqirha abaye banomdla wokubandakanya le ndlela efanelekileyo kunye neyeza eziqhelekileyo ezinokukunceda uqonde ingozi kunye neenzuzo.
Imithombo:
> Fucic, A., Gamulin, M., Ferencic, Z. et al. Ukubonakaliswa kwemvelo kwi-Xenoestrogens kunye ne-Arrogen Related Cancers: Inkqubo yokuzala, isifuba, i-Lung, iInney, i-Pancreas, neBrain. LeMpilo yeNdalo . 2012. 11Suppl 2): S8.
> Nagaprashantha, L., Adhikari, R., Singhal, J. et al. Amathuba okuguqulela amaTyhukhi yeePhyto nakwiiNgcaciso zeAgitated Agent kwiCanscer Breast. Journal International of Cancer . 2017 Oktobha 4. (Epub ngaphambi kokuprinta).
Fuhrman BJ, uSchairer C, Gail MH, et al. "I-Estrogen metabolism kunye nomngcipheko wesifo somhlaza wentliziyo kwi-postmenopausal women". National Cancer Institute. 2012, 326-339.
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