Ukuqonda i-Broca's, i-Wernicke ne-Aphasia ye-Global
I-Aphasia yintlupheko yolwimi eyenzekayo xa umntu ehlushwa yingozi kwimiba yolwimi yengqondo . Iintlobo zolwimi zengqondo zengingqi zendawo ye-lobe yangaphambili, i-lobe ye-temporal, kunye ne-parietal lobe.
Umsebenzi weelwimi usekuhlaleni olunye (isiqingatha) sengqondo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-hemisphere ephezulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubukhosi obuninzi bobuchopho buhlangothini oluphambene nesandla esiphezulu.
I-Aphasia inokubakho ngenxa yengozi nayiphi na inzakalo engqondweni, njenge-stroke, ukulimala kwengqondo, ukubola kwesifo okanye isifo sengqondo. Ngenxa yendlela indlela imivenge yegazi ehlelwe ngayo kwingqondo, imbangela eqhelekileyo ye-aphasia iyingozi.
Yintoni iAphasia?
I-Aphasia inokuchaphazela ulwimi ngeendlela ezininzi kuba kukho imimandla emininzi yengqondo elawula ulwimi. Xa enye yeelwimi zenzakaliswe, kodwa ezinye iilwimi zihlala ziphilile, olunye umsebenzi wolwimi lunokuchaphazeleka, ngelixa ezinye imisebenzi zolwimi zihlala zihambelana. Ngokomzekelo, abantu abane-aphasia banokuba nobunzima bokuvelisa amagama, banokuba nobunzima bokuqonda ulwimi, okanye banokuba nengxaki yokufunda okanye yokubhala. Amaphesenti angaphezu kwama-20 abo bonke abantu abafumana isifo sokukhwabanisa bakhula uhlobo oluthile lwe-aphasia.
Kukho inani le-aphasia syndromes eliqatshelwe kakuhle elibonakaliswe ngamaphetheni athile okuthetha kunye nolwimi oluhambelana nemimandla yengqondo eyonakaliswe yinto.
Iintlobo ezintathu eziqhelekileyo ze-aphasia zi:
- Broca's aphasia
- Wernicke's aphasia
- Global aphasia
Broca yeAphasia / Motor Aphasia
Le fomu ye-aphasia ibizwa ngokuba ngumntu ofumene indawo yengqondo ejongene nokuvelisa intetho. I-Broca's aphasia ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuthi "motor aphasia" ukugxininisa ukuba kukuveliswa kolwimi olungenakukhubazeka, njengokuthetha, ngelixa ezinye iinkalo zolwimi zigcinwa kakhulu.
Emva kokuphazamiseka, umonakalo kwingingqi yeBraca kubangelwa ukuphazamiseka kwegazi ngeemitha zegazi ezibonelela indawo yaseBraca, ekhoyo kwindawo ephezulu yelobe yengqondo . Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-Broca's aphasia iyimvimbela umntu ukuba akhe amagama anengqiqo okanye izivakalisi kodwa akanalo ncinane okanye akukho nxaxheba kumandla okuqonda abanye xa bethetha.
Ukuba u-Broca's aphasia, unokuziva udidekile ngenxa yokungakwazi kwakho ukuguqula iingcinga zakho ngamazwi. Abanye abasindileyo be-stroke abane-aphasia bangathetha amagama ambalwa aphuma kunye nolwimi lwesimboli esaziwa njengentetho ye-telegraphic.
Ngenxa yokuba eminye imithwalo yegazi echaphazelekayo kwi-Broca's aphasia nayo ihambisa igazi kwiindawo zengqondo elawula ukuhamba kwelinye icala lomzimba (ngokuqhelekileyo icala elifanelekileyo), i-Broca's aphasia idla ngokuhamba kunye nezinye iziphazamiso, kuquka i-hemiparesis, okanye i-hemiplegia kwicala lasekunene lomzimba, i-alexia, ne-agraphia.
IAphasia yaseWernicke
I-Wernicke's aphasia ibizwa ngokuba ngumntu ofumene iindawo zengqondo ejongene nokuqonda kweelwimi ezikhoyo kwi-lobe ye-temporal. Abantu abane-Wernicke's aphasia abakwazi ukuqonda abanye, okanye nabo, xa bethetha.
Intetho ye-Wernicke's aphasia, nangona kunjalo, ayinakuqondakala, njengokuba abasindileyo besihlunu kunye ne-Wernicke's aphasia benza izivakalisi ngamagama ahlelwe yinto evelayo njengendlela ekhethiweyo. Ngokomzekelo, unokuva i-Wernicke's aphasic ithi: "Umnyango wam uhlale kwisibane esibhakabhakeni." Olu hlobo lweelwimi ngolwimi ngamanye amaxesha lubizwa ngokuba yi-logorrhea.
Nangona kunjalo, xa abantu abakhuluma ngo-Wernicke's aphasia bathetha, bavakalelwa ngathi bafanele baqondwe. Oku kubangelwa ukungabikho kolwazi lokukhubazeka kolwimi lwabo, ( anosognosia ). Ngokuhamba kwexesha, i-Wernicke's aphasics inokufunda ukuba abanye abakwazi ukuyiqonda xa bethetha, ngoko banokuthukuthela, baxakeke , baxineke .
I-Wernicke's aphasia ngenye yemiphumo eyimingeni eyimingeni emva kokuphazamiseka.
Aphasia yehlabathi
Olu luhlobo lwe-aphasia oluphumela xa umonakalo wengqondo bubanzi ngokwaneleyo ukubandakanya zombini iindawo zeelwimi zikaBraca nezeWernicke. Abasindileyo kunye ne-aphasia yehlabathi abasakwazi ukuthetha ulwimi oluthethiweyo okanye ukuthetha. Kwezinye iimeko, nangona kunjalo, abantu abane-aphasias yomhlaba banokubanxibelelana ngokusebenzisa ulwimi olubhaliweyo.
ILizwi
I-Aphasia enye yemiphumo yesifo kunye nokunye ukulimala kwengqondo, njengokulimala kwengqondo, kunye nokusuleleka kwengqondo (encephalitis) . Akulula ukuhlala ne-aphasia. Kubalulekile ukuthatha inxaxheba kwipilisi, kubandakanywa unyango lwentetho njengoko uphila kwi-stroke yakho.
Abasindileyo bezintlu kunye nabathandekayo bayazuza ekuqondeni iimpawu ezifihlakeleyo ze-aphasia, ezinokukunceda ukwandisa uxhulumaniso kunye nokwenza kube lula ukulula.
> Umthombo:
> Ukubuyiswa kweemoto kwizigulane ezithintekayo emva kwe-aphasia: indima yezakhono ezithile zeelwimi, iGinex V, Veronelli L, Vanacore N, Lacorte E, Monti A, Corbo M, Top Stroke Rehabil. Ngo-2017 uMatshi 21: 1-7