Zonke izifo zineempawu zenyama kunye nezonyango ezichaza. Eminye yale micimbi impawu nje ezibonakalayo ukuba zenzeke ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubantu abane-syndrome ethile, kwaye ezinye zeempawu ziyiinkinga ezinkulu zezokwelapha. Injongo yokubeka uluhlu lweempawu ze-Down syndrome akuyikukuphazamisa okanye kukugubungela, kodwa kukunika ingcamango yoluntu oluninzi lwezinto ezinokubonwa kubantu abane-Down syndrome.
Olu luhlu lwemiba lunokukunceda uqonde oko umntwana wakho anokujongana naye ukuze usebenze ngokunyamekela kwakhe.
Izixhobo ze-Down Syndrome
Abantu abane- Down syndrome baneempawu ezibonakalayo kunye neziphathekayo, iingxaki zonyango , kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo ngokufanayo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbuza ukuba akukho mntu umntu onesifo se-Down syndrome oza kuba nayo yonke into echazwe apha, kwaye nenani leengxaki zomzimba umntu one-Down syndrome lihambelana nokukwazi kwabo kwengqondo. Ngamnye umntwanane onesifo se-Down syndrome unobuntu bakhe obuhlukile kunye namandla akhe.
Iimpawu zenyama
Ezinye zezinto ezibonakalayo abantu abane-Down syndrome ba ndakanya:
- Iinkalo zobuso ezihlukileyo: Iintsana ezine-Down syndrome zinobuso obubonakalayo obunokubangela ukuba bafanane nomlinganiselo omncinci. Ezi zixhobo zingabandakanywa amehlo amancinci, iincinci, umlomo omncinci, umlomo omncinci ngolwimi oluthile olukhulu, intamo emfutshane, imhlophe emhlophe kwimibala enemibala, kunye neendlebe ezincinci. Baye bathambekele ekubeni nobuso obujikelezayo kunye neeprofayili ezicacileyo. Ngokucacileyo, akukho nanye yale micimbi ibaluleke kakhulu kwezokwelapha kodwa yintoni eyenza abantu abane-Down syndrome baqaphele.
- Ukwahlukana kwezandla kunye neenyawo: Esikhundleni sezinto ezibini ezisezintendeni zabo, abantu abane-Down syndrome bahlala benomzimba omnye, iminwe emfutshane, kunye nomnwe wesihlanu ojikelezayo (clinodactyly). Bangakwazi ukuba neenyawo ezincinci kunendawo eqhelekileyo phakathi kwendawo enkulu kunye neyesibini. Kwakhona, akukho nanye yale micimbi ibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni, kodwa ezi zinto ziyimpawu ezinokukunceda ugqirha ukuba ahlalutye i-Down syndrome.
Iingxaki zonyango
Ukongeza kwizinto zabo zobuso neziphathekayo, abantwana abane-Down syndrome basengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa inani leengxaki zonyango. Abantu abaninzi abanayo nayiphi na imicimbi yezokwelapha, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele izinto ezinokwenzeka ukuba umntwana wakho unokujamelana nayo ukuba unayo i-Down syndrome. Ezi ngxaki zonyango ziquka:
- I-Hypotonia okanye i-tone ye-muscle ephantsi: Phantse zonke iintsana ezine-Down syndrome zineetoni eziphantsi okanye izihlunu ezibuthathaka. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi- hypotonia . Ukufika kwethambo eliphantsi kwenza kube nzima ngakumbi ukufunda ukuqhubela phambili, ukuhlala, ukuma, nokuthetha. I-Hypotonia ayikwazi ukuphiliswa kodwa iya kuphucula ngokukhawuleza ixesha kwaye iphathwa ngonyango.
- Iingxaki zembono: Ukufikelela kuma-60 ekhulwini kwabantwana abane-Down syndrome baya kuba neengxaki ezithile zembono. Iingxaki zembono zingabandakanya ukujonga kwangaphambili , ukujonga phambili , ukujonga amehlo , ukuguquka, kunye nokukhutshwa kwamathambo . Amaphesenti angamashumi amahlanu aneengxaki zembono ezifuna iziglasi.
- Iingxaki zokuva: Ukufikelela kuma-75 ekhulwini kweintsana ezine-Down syndrome ziya kuba nehleko lokulahlekelwa kwintetho. Uninzi lweintsana zase-US zihlolwe ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe kungekudala emva kokuzalwa. Nangona kunqabile yintsana ene-Down syndrome isisithulu ngokupheleleyo, kusabalulekile ukufumanisa nayiphi na ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe kuba indlebe idlala indima enkulu ekuphuhliseni ulwimi.
- Ukusulelwa kwindlebe: Phakathi kwama-50 ekhulwini ukuya kuma-75 ekhulwini kwabantwana abane-Down syndrome baneentsholongwane zendlebe.
- Iintsilelo zentliziyo: Phantse ihafu yazo zonke iintsana ezine-Down syndrome zizalwa ziphosakeleyo. Ezi mpazamo zinokungena kwi-mild to severe and even threatening life. Ezinye zeempembelelo zentliziyo zincinci ziyakwazi ukuzilungisa ngokwedlula ixesha, ngelixa iziphoso ezintle zentliziyo zidinga unyango okanye ukuhlinzwa. Ukuba umntwana wakho akanako ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo (ingxaki ngesakhiwo senhliziyo) ekuzalweni, akayi kuvelisa intliziyo yesibini emva koko ebomini.
- Ezinye iingxaki zonyango: Abanye abantwana abane-Down syndrome baya kuba neziphene zesisu. Uninzi lwale ntsholongwane lugqityiwe kunye nokuhlinzwa, kodwa ezinye iingxaki ezinokuthi ziphuhlise ukutshabalala, ukuvalwa kwe-GI, kunye nesifo se-celiac. Imiba ye-thyroid kunye ne-anemia nazo ziqhelekileyo. Amaphesenti angama-50 ukuya kuma-75 ekhulwini aphethwe yi-apnea yokulala, kwaye ukukhuluphala kunokwenzeka. Abantwana abancinci abane-Down syndrome bane-1 ekhulwini ithuba lokuphuhlisa i- leukemia , uhlobo lomhlaza ochaphazela amangqamuzana egazi emhlophe emzimbeni.
Ukukhubazeka ngengqondo
Bonke abantu abane-Down syndrome banesiphelo sokukhubazeka kwengqondo, okokuqala kuthiwa ukulibala kwengqondo okanye ukulibaziseka kokuphuhliswa. Akunakukwazi ukufunda, bazama ukufunda ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye banenkxalabo eninzi ngokuqiqa kunye nokugweba okunzima. Akunakwenzeka ukuqikelela ubungakanani bokukhubazeka kwengqondo kwintsana ene-Down syndrome ekuzalweni. Ubunakho bokufunda bomntu one-Down syndrome lunokunyuswa ngokungenelela kwangaphambili , imfundo enhle, ukulindela okuphezulu kunye nokukhuthaza.
Abantu ngabanye, abaNokufumana izifo
Nangona kulula ukwenza uluhlu lweempawu kunye neempawu zabantu abane-Down syndrome, akunakwenzeka ukubamba zonke iimpawu ezenza zikhetheke. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba abantu abane-Down syndrome ngabokuqala kwaye ukuxilongwa kwabo kuyisibini.
> Imithombo:
> Amasebe okuLawula nokuVimbela (iCCDC). I-Down Syndrome: Iinkcukacha kunye nezibalo. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJuni 27, 2017.
> U-Eunice Kennedy Shriver weZiko leSizwe lezeMpilo yabantwana kunye nophuhliso lwabantu. Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-Down Syndrome? Ofisi yoNxibelelwano. ISebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu. AmaZiko eZiko lezeMpilo. Ukuhlaziywa kweJanuwari 31, 2017.
> Abasebenzi beKliniki yabasebenzi. Down Syndrome. Clinical Mayo. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJuni 27, 2017.