Udokotela wezingane ngokuqhelekileyo uqala ukukrokraza i-Down syndrome kwintsana. Ukuxilongwa ngokuqhelekileyo kuqwalaselwa xa umntwana efumana iziphumo ezithile zomzimba, iimpawu zobuso, mhlawumbi nezinye iziphene zokuzalwa.
Esi sikhokelo siza kuchaza ukuba yintoni umntwana wakho oyifunayo kwaye zeziphi iimvavanyo eziyimfuneko ukuxilonga i-Down syndrome kumntwana osandula.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ngelixa kukho ezinye iziphumo ezifanayo ezikhokelela ekuxilongweni kwe-Down syndrome, akukho nanye umntwana onesifo se-Down syndrome uya kuba nayo yonke into echazwe apha. Akunjalo nenani leengxaki zomzimba kwintsana ene-Down syndrome engqinelana nekhono labo lobuchule. Njengabo bonke abanye abantwana, ngamnye umntwana onesifo se-Down syndrome unobuntu bakhe obufanayo kunye namandla akhe.
I-Hypotonia kwi-Down Syndrome
Esinye seziganeko eziqhelekileyo ze-Down syndrome yi- hypotonia okanye i-tone ye-muscle ephantsi. Phantse zonke iintsana ezine-Down syndrome zine hypotonia kwaye zibonakala "i-floppy" ekuzalweni. I-Hypotonia ngokubanzi iphucula ngexesha, kwaye abaninzi abantwana abane-Down syndrome baya kuba neliphiko lonyango kwasebuntwaneni nabantwana ukuze bancede ukuphucula i-hypotonia yabo.
Iimpawu zobuso kwi-Down Syndrome
Ingane ene-Down syndrome inezinto ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo, ezinokubandakanya amehlo e-alimondi (ngenxa yee-epicanthic folds); Amabala akhanyayo emehlweni abo (abizwa ngokuba yiBrashfield spots); encinci, impumlo ethile; umlomo omncinci ngolwimi olukhulayo; neendlebe ezincinci. Banobubuso obunzima kunye namaprofayili athile.
Akukho nanye kwezi ziko zobuso okanye ezibonakalayo aziqhelekanga ngokwabo, kwaye aziyi kubangela umntwana nge-Down syndrome nayiphi na ingxaki zonyango. Kodwa ukuba ugqirha ubona inani lale mpawu kunye kwintsana enye, banokuqala ukukrokrela ukuba umntwana une-Down syndrome. Ezi zinto zibonakalisa ukuba abantu abane-Down syndrome bafana, nangona bafana neentsapho zabo.
I-palmar Crease yodwa yeeNtsholongwane ze-Down syndrome
Esinye isici esibonakalayo kwiintsana ezine-Down syndrome sisinye sandla kwiintendelezo zezandla zabo. Oku akubangela ukuba kubekho iingxaki-izandla zabo ziza kusebenza kakuhle-kodwa luphawu lokuba ugqirha wezilwanyana uya kukhangela ukuba uyakrokreka ukuba umntwana wakho une-Down syndrome. Ezinye iintlukwano zamanye amaxesha zibonwa kwiintsana ezine-Down syndrome ziquka iminwe emifutshane, enenkani kunye nomnwe wesihlanu okanye i-pinky ejikelezayo ngaphakathi, imeko ebizwa ngokuthi i-clinodactyly.
Iingxaki zeentliziyo kwi-Down Syndrome
Phantse ama-50 ekhulwini a bantwana abane- Down syndrome bazalwa benesiphako sentliziyo, okuyi pesenti ephakamileyo kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nenani labantwana abangenayo i-Down syndrome abazalwa benesiphako senhliziyo (malunga neepesenti eziyi-1). Isifo esona siqhelekileyo senhliziyo esabonwa kwiintsana ezine-Down syndrome sisiphene se-atrioventricular septal okanye i-AV. Ezinye iintsilelo zentliziyo ebonwayo kwiintsana ezine-Down syndrome zibandakanya iziphene ze-septal defects (VSD), iziphene ze-septal defects (ASD), kunye ne-patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).
Ukuba umntwana wakho ufumene unesiphako senhliziyo, uya kuthunyelwa kwi-cardiologist yezilwanyana ukuba uxoxe ngeendlela zokwenza unyango, eziquka ukuhlinzwa nokulungisa unyango.
Iintsholongwane zamathumbu eziswini lwe-Down Syndrome
Phantse iipesenti ezili-10 zeintsana ezine- Down syndrome ziza kuba nemiba yesisu, njengokunciphisa okanye ukuvalelwa kwamathumbu (i-duodenal atresia), ukuvula okungekhoyo (u-anal atresia), ukukhutshwa kwesisu (pyloric stenosis) okanye ukungabikho kwamathambo e-colon, ebizwa ngokuba yiSirfspung. Uninzi lwale ntsholongwane lugqityiwe nokuhlinzwa.
Hypothyroidism kunye ne-Down Syndrome
Abantu abane- Down syndrome banokuba neengxaki nge-thyroid gland, eyinto encinci ye-gland ekhoyo entanyeni. Abantu abane-Down syndrome abanakho ukuvelisa i-hormone ye-thyroid eyaneleyo, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi- hypothyroidism . I-Hypothyroidism isoloko iphathwa ngokuthatha i-hormone ye-thyroid esikhundleni sayo bonke ubomi bomntu.
UkuLawula iKaryotype ukuba ichonge i-Down Syndrome
Ukuba ugqirha wezilwanyana unomdla wokuba umntwana wakho abe ne- Down syndrome , uya kuyala i- karyotype , okanye uhlalutyo lwe-chromosome, ukuba kwenziwe. I-karyotype iyimvavanyo yegazi ejonge i- chromosomes yomntu . Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha iintsuku ezimbini ukuya ezintlanu ukufumana iziphumo zovavanyo lwekaryotype.
I-Karyotype Results Qinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-Down syndrome
Uhlalutyo lwe-karyotype, okanye uhlalutyo lwe-chromosome, luchaza inani lama-chromosomes umntwana analo, kunye nesakhiwo se-chromosomes. Uninzi lweintsana ezine-Down syndrome zinombolo eyongezelelweyo 21 ye-chromosome-imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-trisomy 21. Ngenxa yale chromosome eyongezelelweyo, ineama-chromosomes angama-47 endaweni ye-46 evamile.
Ngezinye iinkhathi i-chromosomes yomntwana iya kulungiswa kwakhona, ebizwa ngokuba yi- translocation . Ukuba umntwana ufunyanwa ukuba atshintshele i-Down syndrome, abazali bakhe nabo kufuneka babe ne-test karyotype ukuchonga ukuba ngaba ngabaphetheyo kule ndawo.
Olunye uhlobo lwe-Down syndrome olunokufunyanwa yi-karyotype lubizwa ngokuba yi-mosaic Down syndrome, apho umntwana unemigca yesibini-enye kunye nama-chromosomes avamile kunye ne-trisomy 21.
Ukujamelana nokuxilongwa kwe-Down syndrome
Ukufunda ukuba umntwana wakho une- Down syndrome ingaba ixesha elididekayo kakhulu ebomini bakho. Unokuziva ukhululekile, ukwesaba, kwaye wedwa. Kukho ezinye izinto onokuzenza ukuze uzincede ngeentsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala , kubandakanywa ukuzivumela ukukhalazela nokucela uncedo.
Khumbula ukuba kukho iqela labantu elikhoyo ukunceda. Intsapho yakho kunye nabahlobo baya kuthatha isicatshulwa kuwe, ngoko qiniseka uze ubatshele oko bangakwenza ukuze bancede.
Ukuba umntwana wakho unezinye iimfuno zezokwelapha , dibana nodokotela wabo uze ubuze imibuzo. Okona kubaluleke, qiniseka kwaye uchithe ixesha kunye nosana lwakho.