Ukuba uhamba kwisitoreji sokuncedisa umama-pop ekupheleni kweveki, unokufumanisa ukuba inkonzo iphuculwa. Iiveki zeeveki zixesha lokuphela kwamashishini amaninzi, kwaye izitolo ezininzi zithengiswa phantsi kwexesha elingaphantsi kwezithuthi njengamaviki, ubusuku namaholide.
Nangona kunjalo, usenokumangaliswa ukuva ukuba ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo kunye nokunciphisa ngexesha lexesha lokunciphisa amava kunamava ezibhedlele.
Le ngqungquthela, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Weekend Effect, ixhomekeke ekufeni kongeza kwizigulane ezivunyelwe esibhedlele. I-Weekend Effect iye yadibana nezinye iziphumo ezinzulu, ezifana nokuphuma kwegazi kunye nosulelo.
Kubonakala ukuba, i-Weekend Effect ibeka ixesha lokugcina unyango lokusindisa ubomi, kunye neengxelo eziphuthumayo kwisimo esibhedlele, umlinganiselo wemizuzu embalwa unokubaluleka. Le ngxaki inokuthi ihlangane nobudlelwane bokuphanda (ukuxilonga) iinkonzo ezikhoyo ngeveki kunye nokufikelela okuncitshiswe kumayeza akhethekileyo, ahlala 'ebizwa' kwaye engabonakali ngokwenyama kwizibhedlele ngeveki.
Nangona i-Weekend Effect iye yabhalwa kwamanye amazwe-ngokukodwa e-United Kingdom apho iphakanyisile ukukhathazeka okukhulu-sele ivele yanyatheliswa nje e-United States. Ngaphezu koko, nangona kukho izifundo ezingaphumeleli ukuxhasa ukufaneleka kwayo, ubungqina obunokukhula ngokukhawuleza bubonakala bubhekiselele kule ngxaki.
Masiqale sijonge ngemimiselo ye-Weekend Effect njengoko kuboniswe kwincwadi. Emva koko, siza kuhlolisisa ukubaluleka kwesi sikhulu.
I-Weekend Effect neSrost
Ngokuphuculwa kwenkathalo, abantu abaninzi abanamava bayahlala. Nangona kunjalo, kwiphando elincomekayo le-2015 elipapashwe kwi-PLoS ONE, abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba i-Weekend Effect iyaphila kwaye e-United Kingdom.
Kulolu cwaningo oluthile, abaphandi bavavanya ukufa (okungukuthi, ukufa) phakathi kwabantu abangama-37,888 abaye baphathwa ngesifo esibhedlele kwisibhedlele phakathi ko-2004 no-2012. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-admission day to manage the stroke, ukufa kwiintsuku ezisixhenxe emva kokufundwa kweveki kwaba ngama-19 ekhulwini ephakamileyo-nangona kukho iipesenti ezingamaphesenti angama-21 abamkelweyo! Uhlalutyo lwedatha luye lwahlonyelwa ubudala, isondo kunye neemeko eziphathekayo ezi-11, okanye ezinye izimo ezingapheliyo, kubandakanywa izigulane, ezinye iingxaki zesifo , isifo sikashukela , kunye nengqondo .
Inqaku, kulolu cwaningo, ukufa kwaye kwaba ngaphantsi kwisibhedlele kunye neyunithi yecroke. Ukongezelela, ukufa kwaphezulu kwakubangele ukubethelwa ngesibindi esingenakuchazwa kunokuba kwakungenxa ye-cerebral infarction, apho i-clot yegazi iphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwingqondo.
Abaphandi baphinde bahlola iimpembelelo zezinye izinto ezintathu ngokufa kwesibalo: ukufakwa kwamalungu ebudeni bebusika, ukuhanjiswa koluntu kunye nezibhedlele ezinkulu kunye nomgama omkhulu phakathi kokuhlala kwesigulane kunye nesibhedlele ngokwayo (ngaphezu kweekhilomitha ezili-20). Nangona ukufunyaniswa kwabo kwakungabalulekanga ngokubhekiselele kwimpembelelo yaleminye imingcipheko kwimilinganiselo yokufa, abaphandi bacetyisa ukuba le miba emithathu inokuthi ibambe indima kwimeko yokuba isigulane sisinde emva kokushaya.
I-Weekend Effect iye yabonwa ngokubhekiselele ekufeni kwe-stroke e-United States. Kwileta yophando ebizwa ngokuthi '' I-Weekend Effect 'okanye' Umphumo weMgqibelo '? Uhlalutyo lokufa kweZibhedlele kwizigulane ngeSkemicic Stroke eSouth Carolina, "abaphandi bavavanya yonke i-stroke hospital hospitals (ama-20,187 amacala) eSouth Carolina phakathi ko-2012 no-2013. Abaphandi bavavanya ukufa kwabantu kwizigulane ezivunyelwe ngenxa yesifo yokwamkelwa, kwaye le miqathango yokufa engafanelekanga yahlengahlengiswa ngesondo ngesigulane, iminyaka, ubuhlanga, unyaka wokungeniswa, ixesha lokumkelwa, uhlobo lokuhlawula, kunye neCharlson Comorbidity Index (umlinganiselo obandakanya ezinye iimeko ezingapheliyo).
Phakathi kwesi siguli sabantu baseMzantsi Carolina, ukufa kwesibalo kwakuphezulu kwiMigqibelo ngaloo ndlela kuphazamisa ukuphela kweveki kwimini ethile.
Kwinqaku edibeneyo, iziphumo ezivela kulolu cwaningo lwe-US lubonisa ukuba ukuqina kwesithintelo kuninzi ngeempelaveki ngaloo ndlela kubonisa umda ophezulu wokungeniswa; izigulane ezamukelwa ngenxa yesifo ngexesha leveki zazixhaphakileyo kunokuba zivunywe ngeentsuku zeveki. Oku kufumanisayo kungadibanisa iziphumo kwaye uchaze ezinye zeemeko zokufa. Ngamanye amagama, ngenxa yokuba izigulane ezinokubethelwa ngesisu ziye zavunywa ngeveki zazigula, zingaba mngcipheko wokufa.
Impembelelo yeeveki kunye nokuPhepha kwezilwanyana
Ngophando lwe-2014 olupapashwe kwiNcwadi ye-Pediatrics , abaphandi beYunivesithi yaseYohn Hopkins bafuna i-Weekend Effect phakathi kwama-439,457 e-US ukuhlinzwa okwenzelwe abantwana phakathi kowe-1988 no-2010. Ezi zonyango zibandakanya ukungena kwamanzi, i- appendectomy , ukulungiswa kwe-hernia inguinal kunye nokulungiswa kwangaphakathi (ORIF) , ukufakwa kwendawo yokukhangela, okanye ukuhlaziywa kokuvuthwa okugqithisiweyo.
Abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba ukufa kwaphezulu phakathi kwabantwana ababenokuphengula ngeveki kunokuba babengabantwana ababenokuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngeveki. Ngaphezu koko, abantwana abafumana unyango ngeveki babenomngcipheko ophezulu wokulahlekelwa igazi kunye nokuxilongwa kwegazi, izifo ezinobungozi, ukuhlukana kwelinxeba (ukulimala kwesilonda) kunye nezinye iziphumo ezimbi. Njengoko ezinye iincwadi zihlola i-Weekend Effect, ezi ziphumo zinikezelwe ngokwahlukileyo kwezinye izigulane nezigulane.
Kufuneka kuphawulwe ukuba ukufa kwesibini kwintsholongwane yabantwana kunqabile e-United States nakwamanye amazwe athuthukileyo. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zolu cwaningo zinokubaluleka kwekliniki kuba i-Weekend Effect isanxulunyaniswa nenani elincinci lokufa, kwaye ukufa okukhuselekile kwanomntwana omnye kukulahlekelwa kakhulu kwintsapho yakhe, abahlobo kunye noluntu.
I-Weekend Effect kunye neSebe eliPhezulu
Ngeeveki kunye namanye amaxesha okuphela, isebe lexakeka yindawo apho izigulane ezininzi ezibhedlele zivunyelwe khona. Kwisifundo se-2013 esithi "Musa ukugula ngeveki: Ukuvavanywa kweMiphumo yeeVeki kwiMpilo yabantu abaye bavakashela ii-US EDs," abaphandi baseYunivesithi yaseMichigan bafuna ubungqina beeVeki zeMpelakiki phakathi kwezigulane ezivunyelwe esibhedlele isebe lexakeka.
Kule sifundo esiphezulu, amacala angama-4,225,973 amele iipesenti ezingama-20 zee-admissions ezizonke ezenzeka ngendlela yeSebe lexakeka ngo-2008 zahlaziywa. I-Weekend Effect yaboniswa kule sampulu, kwaye abantu abangaphezulu abaye bavunyelwa ngeveki befile kunokuba bavunyelwe ngeveki. Esi siphumo sasigcinwa ngokuqhubekayo kungakhathaliseki ukuba nomvuzo we-patient, isimo se-inshorensi, ubunikazi bembhedlele (uluntu okanye abucala), isimo sesibhedlele sokufundisa kunye noluntu lobango lwengxamiseko. Ngaphezulu koko, i-Weekend Effect yayibonakaliswa rhoqo phakathi kwezi-10 eziqhelekileyo ezifunyanisiweyo, ezifana nokubetha, ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo, ukulimala kunye nokulimala kwentloko, okubonisa ukuba le nto yayingacaciswanga naluphi na ukuxilongwa.
Oko Singazi
Nangona ukucuthwa kweeveki ezenziweyo kuthathwa njengengcaciso ebanzi yePhulo leveki, asiqinisekanga ukuba zezizathu ezibalulekileyo zezi bakala. Ngokomzekelo, asazi ukuba ngaba le miba yokusebenza ibhekisela kubongikazi, iingcali, amagqirha okanye inxalenye. Singazi nokuba ngaba ukunyuka kwesibhedlele kunye nokugqithiswa kwezibhedlele ngexesha leveki kwadlala indima. Okubaluleke kakhulu, utshintsho lweveki lokutshintshwa kwexesha lokunyamekela, lunokubangela neli galeko.
Ekugqibeleni, izifundo ezijonge i-Weekend Effect zikhawulelwe ngokweenzululwazi zabo (ukulungiswa kobuchule), kwaye uphando olongezelelweyo lufuneka luyenze ukuphakamisa izixazululo ezingaphezulu. Okwangoku, mhlawumbi umbi omubi wokunqunyula okanye ukukhanyela imali echaphazela abasebenzi kwiibhedlele.
Kuthetha ntoni Lonke Oku?
Makhe siqwalasele oko kuthethwa ngeVeki yeeveki kuthetha kubantu ngabanye. Kwizifundo ezikhankanyiweyo, le nto yabonwa phakathi kwabantu abavunyelwa esibhedlele ngenxa yeentetho ezibonakalayo kunye nezivelayo. Ngenxa yokuba ezi ngxaki zengxakeko, izigulane zazingenakho ulawulo phezu kwexesha lokunikezela kwaye zazingenakukhetha ukuba zingene esibhedlele ngeveki okanye ngeveki.
Ngokufanayo, ukuba wena okanye umntu obathandayo ufumana uxinzelelo lwezonyango, ukungeniswa kufuneka kufikelele ngokukhawuleza kungakhathaliseki ukuba yimini. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo eyenzeka ngoMgqibelo awukwazi ukulinda ukufakwa ngoMvulo. Ngaphezu koko, nceda ukhumbule ukuba nangona ukhathazeka nge-Weekend Effect, unyameko olunikezelwa ezininzi kwizibhedlele zase-US lungileyo kwaye lulandela izikhokelo ezikhuselweyo zekliniki-ukukhuselwa okukhuselekekileyo akunqabile nakwiempelaveki.
Endaweni yokubhekiselele kumntu ngamnye, iziphumo zezi zifundo zichaphazela kumcimbi omkhulu ojongene nabakliniki, abalawuli, abameli, kunye nabenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo: indlela yokunciphisa ukufa kwabangenakudinganiswa okuxhomekeke ekungqineni kwinkathalo enikezelwa ngeeveki kunye namanye amaxesha okuhlaselwa. Ngeendleko zempilo yokugonywa, kukho intetho enkulu malunga nokusika imali. Nangona kunjalo, simele siyihoye i-rhetoric kunye ne-ginger, sibheke ukunyuka okuchaphazela abasebenzi okanye umgangatho wokunyamekela kwizicwangciso zonyango.
Ukuba isibhedlele sisebenza ngeempelaveki, iinkonzo kufuneka zibe zikhuni. Izibhedlele azikwazi ukuhlawuleka xa kuziwa kwizibonelelo kunye nabasebenzi. Ukongezelela, xa utshintsha utshintsho kunye nokunakekelwa kwesigulane kudluliselwa, akufuneki kubekho ukunyanzelwa kwiinkonzo ezichaphazelekayo kwezi nguqulelo. Ekugqibeleni, ukuba isibhedlele asikwazi ukubonelela ngomgangatho ofanayo wokunyamekela ngeveki kunye neveki, kungangabaza ukuba ngaba kufuneka ukubonelela ngoncedo lweveki yonke. Ngokukodwa, uphando luye lwaphakamisa ukuba ukufikelela kwe-24/7 kwiindawo ezizodwa zokubetha, iisistim zokunyamekela, kunye neeyunithi zokunakekelwa kwezilwanyana ezinzulu-izicwangciso apho ufikelelo kunye nokufumaneka kwabasebenzi zihlala zihambelana-zonke zibonise amandla okuphelisa i-Weekend Effect.
Ngexesha elizayo xa uva i-politician ekhuluma ngokucutha kwinkathalo yezempilo, nceda uqaphele ukuba ezi zicucu ziyakwazi ukuguqulela kwimiphumo echaphazela sonke, njenge-Weekend Effect. Isibhedlele akusiyo isitolo sokuzikhethela sikamama-no-pop apho ungalinda ixesha elide ixesha lekopi yekhofi okanye ipakethi yamanqwanqwa ngaphandle kokukhathazeka kwimpilo yakho. Isibhedlele yindawo apho kubakho ixesha kunye nokufumaneka kwezibonelelo kubalulekile kwaye imizuzu ibalwa.
> Imithombo
> I-Goldstein SD kunye al. "Impumelelo yeveki 'kwindlela yokuhlinzwa kwabantwana - ukwandisa ukufa kwabantwana abasebenza ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokuphela kweveki." I-Journal of Surgery Pediatric Surgery. 2014; 49: 1087-1091.
> Roberts SE, et al. "Ukufa emva kweStroke, iMiphumo yeeVeki kunye nezinto ezidibeneyo: UFundo lweZixhobo zokuQhagamshelana ." I- PLOS ONE . 2015.
> U-Sharp AL, u-Choi H no-Hayward RA. "Musa ukugula ngeveki: ukuhlolwa kwempembelelo yeveki ekufeni kubantu abagulayo abavakashela ii-US ED." I- American Journal ye-Erger Medicine . 2013; 31.
> Shi, L, et al. "'I-Weekend Effect' okanye 'Umphumo weMgqibelo'? Uhlalutyo lokufa kweZibhedlele kwizigulane ezine-stroke zesiSikemikhali eMzantsi Carolina. " Ukuhamba . 2016; 134: 1510-1512.