I-congenital neutropenia ecacileyo ichaza le meko ngokugqibeleleyo. Ingumntwana ozalwa (oku kuthetha ukuba uzalwe nayo) imeko kunye ne- neutropenia enzima (echazwe njenge-neutrophil count <500 cells nganye nge microliter, kaninzi <200). Ifom enye ethiwa yiKostmann Syndrome. Isimo esinqabileyo esichaphazela abantu aba-2 -3 kubo bonke abantu abayizigidi.
Ziziphi Iimpawu?
Iimpawu ziqala ngokukhawuleza emva kokuzalwa.
I-neutrophils yimizimba yegazi elimhlophe elilwela ukusuleleka kubaktheriya. Inani eliphantsi kakhulu le-neutrophil longeza umngcipheko wokusuleleka kubaktheriya. I-Fever nayo iyimpawu eziqhelekileyo, kodwa oku kungenxa yokusulelwa ngu-neutropenia. Iingxaki zokuzalwa azibonwanga.
- Otitis media (izifo zentloko)
- I-cellulitis (unyango lwamaqanda)
- Izilonda zomlomo
- I-Gingivitis (i-gum inflammation)
Kuchongwa njani?
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ngexesha lentsholongwane, ugqirha wakho uya kufumana inani elipheleleyo legazi (CBC) . I-neutropenia enobukhulu (<500 amaseli / microliter) kufuneka ibe yiseli yegazi kuphela echaphazelekayo. Iibomvu zegazi ezibomvu kunye neeplatelet kufuneka ziqheleke. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-monocytes (enye uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe liya kuphakanyiswa). Ukuba olunye uhlobo lweseli yegazi luchaphazelekayo, ezinye izifo (njengeShwachman Diamond Syndrome) maziqwalaselwe.
Emva kokuba i-neutropenia enamandla ichongiwe, ugqirha wakho unokuqwalasela ekubhekiselele kwi-hematologist, ugqirha onguchwepheshe wengxaki yegazi.
Ekuqaleni unokuba neCBC ivakalwe ii-2 ukuya kwezi-3 ngeveki ukulawula i-neutropenia ye-cyclic (imeko ebenzileyo) njengesizathu.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo yintsipho yesibhakabhaka. Olu vavanyo lubandakanya ukususa iqela elincinane lesithambo kwi-hip yakho ukuze uhlole umongo wethambo, indawo apho amaseli egazi amhlophe enza khona.
Kwi-neutropenia ebuncinci yokubeleka, iiseli zenziwa ngokuqhelekileyo ekuqaleni kodwa emva kwexesha zifa ngaphambi kokuba zikhutshwe kwi-circulation.
Ukuba umongo wakho wethambo uhambelana ne-neutropenia ekhulelwe yintsholongwane, ugqirha wakho uya kuthumela uvavanyo lwemizimba ukuze ufumanise utshintsho oluthile onalo. Oku kubalulekile njengoko kuya kubeka ukuba ngaba ungayidlulisela njani le meko kubantwana bakho.
Ziziphi Iingonyango?
- I-Granulocyte Colony Fact Factor (G-CSF okanye i-filgrastim): I-G-SCF inikezwa njengengaphantsi (ngaphantsi kwesikhumba) iintshontsho zemihla ngemihla. Eli nyanga likhuthaza imveliso yomnatha weethambo kunye nokuvuthwa kwama-neutrophils. Injongo kukuzisa inani le-neutrophil ngokuqhelekileyo ngokufanelekileyo ukukhusela izifo.
- Umtsalane wokuguqulwa komnyo: I-bone marrow transplantation ingaba yonyango. Oku kufuthi kuqwalaselwa kubantu abaneempendulo ezimbi kwiG-CSF. Ukuba ufumana ukutsalwa komongo webhokhwe kumntakwabo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba abanalo ifomu elibi kakhulu le-neutropenia yokuzalwa engamaqabane.
- I-antibiotiki: Ukuba unesifo esikhulu se-neutropenia yesisu esakhulayo kwaye uhlakulele umkhuhlane, kufuneka ufune unyango lwangoku. Umkhuhlane unokuba ngumqondiso kuphela wosulelo olusisiseko. Umsebenzi wegazi kufuneka uthunyelwe ukufumanisa isizathu esenzekayo sosulelo. Ngeli xesha uya kufakwa kwi-IV (nge-vein) antibiotics xa unesifo.
Ngaba Kukho Ixesha Elide Elixhalabileyo?
Ngonyango olungcono, ukulindela ubomi kubantu abane-neutropenia ebuncinci bephucule kakhulu. Xa ukhulile, unomngcipheko ophezulu we- myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) kunye ne-leukemia (ininzi leyemiaid leukemia) eqhathaniswa noluntu jikelele. Lo mngcipheko wacingelwa ukuba usekondari kwi-G-CSF unyango kodwa kubonakala ngathi yinkxalabo yale mqathango.
Unyango kunye ne-G-CSF inokubangela ukuba i-splenomegaly (ukukhuliswa kweseyile). Ngamanye amaxesha ukunyuka kwindwangu yamapeni kuya kubangela ukubala kweplatelet ephantsi (thrombocytopenia). Ukuba i-thrombocytopenia inzima, unokufuna i-splenectomy.