6 Iingoma ze-Knee Replacement Surgery

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Inkolelo-mfundiso: Ufanele unikele ngegazi ngaphambi kokutyanda

Utyando olutshintsho lwe-Knee lungenye yeenkqubo zokuhlinzwa eziqhelekileyo ezenziwa ngabagqirha bamazinyo, kunye neyonyango oluqhelekileyo lwe- arthritis ehamba phambili yamadolo . Emva kokuba wenze isigqibo sokuqhubeka nokuguqulwa kwamadolo, awuyi kuvakala ngokuqinisekileyo kubahlobo kunye nosapho malunga namava abo kunye nokuhlinzwa. Njengoko sifunda ngakumbi malunga nokuphucula iziphumo kunye nokukhusela ukhuseleko olu luleko, kukho iinkcukacha ezingatshintsha malunga nenkqubo yokuguqula idolo.

Umhlobo owaguqe ngamadolo iminyaka engama-20 edlulileyo unokufumana amava ahluke kakhulu ngoko uya kuba nawo namhlanje. Apha siphinde sihlolisise ezinye zeengcamango zokuguquka kwamadolo, kunye nento esiyifunde ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ndiyakuqinisekisa, ukuba iinkcukacha ziya kuqhubeka zitshintshile, kwaye inkqubo yokuguqulwa kwamadolo iya kubonakala ihlukeneyo iminyaka engama-20 ukususela ngoku. Nangona kunjalo, ezi ngenye iinguqu ezenziwe kunye nokuba kutheni singasenzi ukuguqula idolo ngokufanayo nakwexesha elidlulileyo.

Oko akutsho ukuba oogqirha kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo bekungalunganga. Enyanisweni, kuyamangalisa ukuba iinguqu zokuqala zokuguqulwa kwamadolo zisebenza njani, kwaye ziphawuleka ukuba zibukeka njani zifana nezimpembelelo zamadolo ezinamhlanje. Nangona iindlela zokucwangcisa kunye nezicwangciso zokuvuselela ziye zahlanjululwa, ininzi yomsebenzi wokuguqula idolo ibukeka ifana kakhulu neminyaka nangamashumi eminyaka edlulileyo. Kuye kwahlengahlengiswa, kwaye yilapho ezinye zeengcinga ezifihlakeleyo ziza kudlala. Funda ngezinye zeenguqu kwiingcebiso ezenzeke kwiminyaka embalwa edluleyo.

Ukutshintshwa kokuqala kumadolo okutshintshwa kukuba izigulane azikwazi ukunikela ngegazi lawo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa . Kwakuqhele ukuba yinto apho kwakuqhelekileyo ukuba abantu banikele elinye iqela okanye ezimbini iindiza zegazi ngokulandelelana ukuze igazi lifumaneke xa lifuneka emva kokuhlinzwa. Isizathu sokuba oku kukhangelelwe kukuba kukho ingozi encinane yokudlulisa izifo (njenge-HIV okanye i-hepatitis) ngokusebenzisa igazi lakho.

Enyanisweni, umngcipheko wokudlulisa izifo uncinci kakhulu, kwaye umngcipheko wokungcola kweemveliso zegazi usenokuba phezulu xa unikela ngegazi lakho. Ukongezelela, inkqubo yokunikela ngegazi ibangele ukuhla kwexabiso elikhulu kwigazi, okwenza abantu banokuthi bangabi negalelo. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abanikela ngegazi labo kuphela bafumana ithuba eliphezulu lokufuna igazi labo elibuyiselwe emuva, ngokwenene banomngcipheko ophezulu wokufuna ukuxilongwa okongeziweyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, akukhuthazwa ukuba unikele ngegazi lakho phambi kokuhlinzwa okutshintshwa ngamadolo.

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Inkolelo: Ukunyanzeliswa kwexesha elide kunokwenzeka

Ingqungquthela yesibini yimbono yokuba ukuhlinzwa kufuneka kulibaziseke kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Nangona kukho iingxaki ezinokuthi zenze utyando kumntu osemncinci okanye engenazifo eziphezulu, akukho mfuneko yokulibazisa ukutyhutyha kuze kube yinto apho imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ibe nzima okanye ayikwazi.

Ukwazi ukuba nini ukuhlinzwa ngokuguqulwa kwamadolo ngumbuzo onzima kwizigulane kunye noogqirha abazama ukufika kwisiphumo esihle kakhulu. Wonke umntu unombono ohlukileyo weentlungu nokukhubazeka, kwaye ukuguqulwa kwamadolo kungabakho unyango onokukunceda abanye ngokugqithiseleyo, ngelixa kungenokuba luncedo kwabanye. Idatha eyongezelelweyo iqokelelwe ukucacisa indlela engcono ngayo ukucebisa izigulane xa uqhubeka nokunyangwa ngonyango lwe-arthritis.

Oko kwathiwa, kukho ukuhla kwexesha lokulibazisa ukuguqula idolo ixesha elide. Esinye seziganeko ezibalulekileyo ezibalulekileyo zomsebenzi kunye nokuhamba kwamadolo okutshintshwa ngumsebenzi kunye nokuhamba kwamadolo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Abantu abanamasondo amanqongophe kakhulu, phambi kokuhlinzwa, akunakwenzeka ukuba baphinde bafumane umsebenzi okanye isinyanzelo njengabantu abanamandla kunye namadolo afanelekileyo.

Kukho nkxalabo yokuba njengoko abantu bebuhlungu kakhulu kwiimpawu zabo zesifo se-arthritis, banokuhlala behlala. Oku kungakhokelela ekuzuzeni ubunzima kunye neminye imibandela yezokwelapha kuquka ukunyamezela kokunyamekela, isifo sikashukela kunye nezinye izinto ezixhalabisayo. Ukungavumeli umzimba ukuba ube yi-condition-conditioned unokukunceda ukuphucula iziphumo ezivela kumsebenzi wokuguqulwa kwamadolo.

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Inkolelo-mfundiso: Utyando oluthile oluthile lungcono (okanye lubi kakhulu)

Le nkulumo engqinelanayo, kuba akukho mntu unokukuxelela oko kuthetha ntoni, kodwa ndivumele ukuba ndichaze: Akuzange kubekho isivumelwano malunga nento echaza " ukutshintshwa kwedolo engapheliyo ." Ndibonile abanye oogqirha abavakalisa oku kubonakala ngathi benza i-knee egxininisiweyo. Ngapha koko, ndibone abagqirha abangenzi namabango anjalo angabonakaliyo, kodwa baneziphumo ezigqityiweyo ukusuka kutyando kunye neenkqubo ezincinci zokuhlinzwa.

Inqaku kukuba, nabani na onokuthi into abayenzayo yinto encinci. Nangona kunjalo, loo nto ayithethi nto ininzi nakwayo. Bonke oogqirha abaqhagamshelana nabo bazama ukubeka ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kakuhle kunye nomonakalo ongathandekiyo wesisu kunye ne-dissection ngangokunokwenzeka. Kukho iindlela ezicetywayo ukuba zinciphise umlinganiselo wesalathisi esithambileyo, kodwa akukho mvumelwano esincinci malunga nokuba le mida ingakanani.

Inyaniso kukuba, into ebaluleke kakhulu yokuguqulwa kwamadolo ayikho ubukhulu besibalo kodwa umgangatho wokuhlinzwa. Ngokuqinisekileyo ndiziva ndiyona nto ebalulekileyo kukuba ndifumane ugqirha onogqirha owaziwayo , enerekodi yeziphumo ezibalaseleyo. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga neendlela ezithile zokugqirha, kunengqiqo ukubuza, kodwa ndiyakumxwayisa ukuba nabani na onokuthi amabango abo ayangena emncinci. Oku kungenako ukuthetha kakhulu.

Akukho mvumelwano ecacileyo yokuba ukwenza umsebenzi wokuguqulwa kwamadolo ngeendlela ezithintekayo ezincinci kukukhokelela kwiziphumo ezingaphezulu kwexesha elide, nangona kukho uphando oluninzi ukuxhasa ingcamango yokuba ukufakelwa kwesimo sokuguqula amadolo ngokufanelekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu kwisiphumo esiyimpumelelo. Umgca ophantsi-ungabingeleli umgangatho wotyando olutsha!

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Inkolelo: Ukuya kwiNyango yeRabhab ye-Rehab Means Better Treatment

Kwiminyaka edlulileyo yokuguqula idolo, abantu babeza esibhedlele ngosuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwabo. Emva kokuhlinzwa, banokuchitha iveki okanye ixesha elide esibhedlele, ngaphambi kokuba badluliselwe kwinkathalo enomsebenzi (i-rehab centre okanye ikhaya labahlengikazi) indawo yokufumana kwakhona. Mna, maxesha amaxesha atshintshile!

Namhlanje, abanye oogqirha bazama ukutshintshwa ngokubambisana, apho abantu babuyela ekhaya ngokukhawuleza nje ngosuku olufanayo nokuhlinzwa kwabo. Ngokuqinisekileyo oku akunjalo, kodwa izigulane ezininzi zibuyela ekhaya phakathi kweentsuku ezimbalwa zokuhlinzwa, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kokunakekelwa kokunakekelwa kwangaphambili kwimeko yokunciphisa. Ipesenteji yabantu ababuyela ekhaya emva kokuhlinzwa kuvela kuma-15 ekhulwini ekupheleni kwee-1990 ukuya kuma-50 engama-pesenti ngoku.

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba uye ekhaya kuya kuba bhetele, phakathi kwabo kukuba abantu ababuyela ekhaya babonakala banenkinga embalwa. Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngo-2016, oluhlolisise izinto ezithile ezingasetyenziselwa ukuxela ukuba zeziphi izigulane ezinokuthi zibuyiselwe esibhedlele emva kokuguqulwa kwamadolo, zifumanise ukuba ukukhutshwa kwisibonelelo sokuphulukana nesifo sengqondo kubangele ukuba kwenzeke oku.

Amagqirha amaninzi anqwenela ukuhlala ekhaya kunye nezigulane, kwaye abaxhalabele kakhulu malunga nokutheleleka kwezifo ezinokunakekelwa kwempilo ezinokuthi zenzeke kwizibhedlele, amakhaya angamahlengikazi kunye nezibonelelo zokuhlala. Ukongezelela, iindleko zokunyamekelwa kwesigulane ebuyela ekhaya zincinci, ngoko kukho uxinzelelo lwezoqoqosho oluzama ukuzama ukufumana izigulane ekhaya ngaphandle kwesibonelelo sokugula.

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Inkolelo: Ukubuyiselwa kweMishini yokuThuthukiswa kweMaster

Kwiminyaka engaphezu kwe-10, ngokubanzi kwiminyaka ye-1990, ukusetyenziswa koomatshini okubizwa ngokuba yiCPM, okanye ukunyakaza okuqhubekayo, kwakudume. Ezi matshini zafakwa kwindawo yokulala kwesigulane esandula ukuguqula idolo, kwaye ngelixa elele embhedeni, ngokukhawuleza yaguqa ngamadolo.

Oku kwenza umqondo omkhulu; Enye yemingeni ephawulekayo yokubuyisela ukuguqulwa kwamadolo kukubuyiswa kwendalo yexolo. Ukuhamba kwangaphambili mhlawumbi kuyona ndlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokuqinisekisa ukubuyiswa kwesindululo. Ngokubeka izigulane kwi-CPM, ithemba liwukufumana ukuqala kokuqala kwimiba enzima kakhulu yokubuyisela.

Enyanisweni, kukho iziphumo zakudala ezikhuthazayo. Idata icetyiswa ukuba kwiintsuku kunye neeveki zokuqala emva kokuhlinzwa okutshintshwa kwamadolo, abantu abasebenzisa idivayisi yeCPM babe nefuthe elincinci lokunyuka. Nangona kunjalo, kwiiveki ezi-4 zokuhlinzwa, akukho ntlukwano phakathi kwabantu abasebenzisa umshini we-CPM kunye nabangenalo. Ukongezelela, amanye amanyathelo okubuyiselwa ngaphaya kobunzima bokubhenca kubonakala kubonisa ukuba abo basebenzise i-CPM baleka emva.

Inyani le nto kukuba idatha ibonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba ukutshintshwa kweendoda eziqhelekileyo, oku akunandaba. Enyanisweni, banokuphucula izinto ngokunciphisa inani lamaxesha abantu bavuka kwaye bephuma ebhedeni, umbandela obaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo zokuqala zokubuyiswa kwamadolo.

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Inkolelo: Akukho Flying for 3 Months

Enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculeni iziphumo zokuguqulwa kwamadolo ekuguquleni kugweba iingxaki ezinxulumene nale nkqubo. Enye yeengxaki ezixhalabisa abantu abaninzi ngento yegazi . Kukho unyango oluninzi kunye namanyathelo athatyathwa ukukhusela i-blood clot.

Ukongezelela, oogqirha baya kuzama ukunciphisa ezinye izinto ezinokunyusa amathuba okugaya igazi. Enye yale mngcipheko ukuhamba ngomoya. Kuyaziwa ukuba ukuhamba kwexesha elide kungandisa ukwanda kwegazi. Ngenxa yeso sizathu, oogqirha abaninzi baya kucebisa malunga naluphi na uhambo lokuhamba ngomoya kwiinyanga ezintathu (okanye ngamanye amaxesha) emva kokuhlinzwa.

Inyani le nto kukuba izifundo azifumananga ukuhamba komoya, ngokukodwa kwiindiza ezincinane (ngaphantsi kweeyure ezingama-4), ukwandisa ithuba lokuphuma kwegazi kubantu abesandula ukuguqula idolo. Enyanisweni, olunye uphando oluhlolisayo izigulana eziye zaphuma ekhaya zivela ekutyunjeni (zingaphantsi kweentsuku zenkqubo yazo), kwakungekho mmahluko kwithuba legazi.

Ababhali beli phofu basakhuthaza zonke iindlela zokulinda eziqhelekileyo ( unyango ukuya kwigazi elincinci , ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza nokuhamba rhoqo, iisokisi zokunyanzelisa), kunye nokunciphisa ubude beenqwelo zeenqwelo, kodwa abazange bafumane ukuba iindiza kufuneka zikhunjulwe ngokupheleleyo. Ukongezelela, kunokubakho nezinye izinto ezibangela ingozi yokwanda kwegazi, ngoko ke ngaphambi kokuqwalasela ukuhamba komoya emva kokuhlinzwa ngokuguqulwa kwamadolo, kufuneka uxoxe ngalokhu nodokotela wakho. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha abaninzi bayaba neenkululeko ngakumbi kunye neengcebiso zabo zokuthintela ukuhamba komoya emva kokuhlinzwa.

> Imithombo:

> I-Bierbaum BE, i-Callaghan JJ, i-Galante JO, uRubash HE, i-Tooms RE, i-Welch RB: Ukuhlalutya kwelawulo lwegazi kwizigulane ezine-hip okanye i-knee arthroplasty. J Bone Surgery Joint Ngo-1999; 81 (1): 2-10.

> Fortin PR, "Isikhathi sokutshintshwa ngokubambisana ngokuthe ngqo sithinta iziphumo zekliniki phakathi kwezigulane ezine-osteoarthritis ye-hip okanye idolo." I-Arthritis Rheum. 2002 Dec; 46 (12): 3327-30.

> Varacallo MA, Herzog L, Toossi N, Johanson NA. Iimpawu Zonyaka Zama-10 kunye Nezinto Ezizimeleyo zobungozi bokuBamkela ngokungavumelekanga Emva kokukhethwa kwe-Arthroplasty yokuHlanganiswa kweZizwe eziMgangatho oMkhulu "J Arthroplasty. 2017 Juni; 32 (6): 1739-1746. Epub 2016 Dec 27.

> Watson HG, Baglin TP. Izikhokelo malunga ne-thrombosis ehambelana nehambo. Br J Haematol 2011; 152 (1): 31-34. Epub 2010 NgoNovemba 18.