I-OTC i-decongestants yama-nasal equkethe umsebenzi we-phenylephrin.
Ngo-2006, uMongameli Bush wasayina uMthetho weMethamphetamine Epidemic Act, ukulungiswa koMthetho wePatrioti, ngokomthetho. Umthetho we-Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic wawujoliswe ukwenza ukuba kube nzima ukuba abantu bafumane i-Sudafed kunye nezinye iimpahla ezixhomekeke kwi- pseudoephedrine ngokuhambisa loo mveliso emva kwe-counter counter, efuna ukuba abathengi banikeze i-ID yesimboli, kwaye banqande ukuthengisa kuma-7.5 amagremu ngamnye kumthengi ngenyanga.
Ngaphezu koko, abaninzi abantu baye babeka ezinye izithintelo ekuthengiseni i-pseudophedrine. Olu tshintsho lwenziwe ukuba luyeke ukuphambukiswa kwezi zi yobisi kwi-methamphetamine.
Ekuvukeni kwalolu tshintsho, abaninzi abavelisi beziyobisi baye batshintsha i-pseudophedrine ngenxa ye-phenylephrine kwiindawo ezininzi zokuhlaselwa komlomo. Kodwa nantsi into malunga ne phenylephrine: Ayisebenziyo kakuhle. Ukuba uke uthenge izinto ukuze uphephe impumlo yakho, mhlawumbi ufumane ubuncinane okanye awukho ncedo. Ngokukodwa, ukuba kunokwenzeka kwaye kufuneke kakhulu ukuba kuncedo lwexesha elifutshane, bathenge i-Sudafed endala (equkethe i-pseudoephedrine) kunokuba i-Sudafed PE (equkethe i-phenylephrin). Ukongezelela, ukuba ufuna i-Sudafed, kufuneka wenze i-aphoyintimenti ukuze ubone ugqirha wakho oyintloko.
Yintoni i-Pseudoephedrine kunye nePhenylphrine?
Bobabini i-pseudoephedrine kunye ne-phenylephrin ziyiziyobisi zentsholongwane ezenza imfesane ("ukulwa okanye ukundiza") kwinkqubo yesantya.
Ngokwicatshulwa, ezi ziyobisi kufuneka zomele ngenxa yeso sizathu ukuba zifakwe kwiintlobo ezihlukahlukeneyo zokukhwehlela kunye nokulungiswa kubanda ngokuqhelekileyo kunye nokunciphisa ukukhwehlela kunye ne-antihistamines. Ingqalelo, abaphandi bacetyisa ukuba njenge-phenylephrin, i-antihistamines ayinanto yokuxinana kunye neempawu ezibandayo.
Ngokukodwa, i-pseudoephedrine inomsebenzi we-alpha kunye ne-beta-adrenergic ngokuthe ngqo kodwa ivelisa ngokugqithisileyo ukuveliswa kwe-beta-adrenergic.
Nangona, i-phenylephrine iyona-alpha-adrenergic agonist ngqo.
Ukholo oluphambili phakathi kwezi zi yobisi zichaphazelekayo ngamanqanaba angabonakaliyo bokuqala kokudlula imetabolism. Nangona amaphesenti angama-90 e-pseudoephedrine enza i-gut gut kwi-systemic circulation, i-38% kuphela ye-phenylephrine yenza ukuba ibe segazini lethu. Ngamanye amazwi, ugqiba ukuchasisa i-phenylephrine engaphezulu kunokuba umzimba wakho uchithe.
Uphando lwePhenylephrine
Ukulungelelanisa, uphando malunga nokusebenza kwe-phenylephrin ekukhuliseni ukuxinwa kwamanzi kuxutywa, kwaye kuyo yonke indawo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuhlalutya kweemitha ukuthelekisa ukulawulwa kwe-10 mg phenylephrine kunye nokulawulwa kwe-placebo kubathathi-nxaxheba abaphandulisayo bancomele ukuba i-phenylephrine inokunciphisa ukumelana nokuhamba kwamanzi, kunye ne-biomarker yokudibanisa, ngama-20 ekhulwini. Nangona kunjalo, le ngxowa yaxhaswa ngemali yenkxaso yezinto zokuxuba imithi.
Izilingo zokulawula i-randomized and other analytics eziqhathaniswa ne-phenylephrin ne-placebo zenzelwe ukuba zichaze ukuba akukho mmahluko phakathi kwababini ukuba kungenzeka ukuba i-phenylephrin ayinanto kodwa ikhulula i-wallet ye-dollar bills.
Ingqalelo, abanye abaphandi bacacisa ukuba ngenxa yokwanda kwe-first-pass pass metabolism ukunyuka kwimizi ye-phenylephrine kungaphumelela ekunciphiseni ukudibanisa kwamanzi.
(Nceda uxoxe ngawo onke amayeza kunye neerati kunye nodokotela wakho.) Kodwa ngubani na owaziyo? Oko siyaziyo kukuba kwiiyobisi ezinobungozi, izidakamizwa ze-sympathomimetic zineempembelelo ezichaphazelekayo ezibandakanya ingozi ephezulu yegazi (ingozi yexinzelelo), ukubola kwesisu, okanye ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo eyenza kabini ukuphindaphinda okanye ukuphindwa kathathu kwi-dose.
ILizwi
Nceda ukhumbule ukuba nangona ungadingi imithi yokuthenga iziyobisi ngaphezu kwe-counter-counter, ziyizidakamizwa ezinokuba neziphumo ezimbi. Kufuneka uhlale ucela ugqirha wakho ngcebiso phambi kokuba uthathe naziphi na iziyobisi. Ukongezelela, ukuba uthatha izidakamizwa ezingaphezulu kweyesiqhelo kwisifo, kufuneka ube nokugula okuhlolwe ngugqirha wakho.
Ukuba wena okanye umntu onomthandayo unesizathu esicasulayo sokudibanisa kwamanzi, zenzele uxabiso kwaye uhlawule ngokugqithiseleyo kumachiza omlomo (OTC) oqukethe i-phenylephrine. Ukuba kufuneka, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwexesha elifutshane ngaphambi kokuba ubone ugqirha wakho wokunakekela ugqirha, qwalasela ukulungiselela okuqulethe i-pseudoephedrine (leyo ingasebenza kangcono kune-phenylephrine) okanye i-decongestant yangasese kwifom yefrayimu.
Nceda ugcine engqondweni ukuba nangona kusebenza ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu, ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide lokuxhamla kwimihla ngemihla kungabangela ukudibanisa kwe-nasal , ijikelezo enobungozi ekugqibeleni igqiba ukunyanyiswa kwamanzi. Ukongezelela, ukuba ukudibanisa okanye ezinye iimpawu ezibandayo ziqhubeka iintsuku eziliqela, kufuneka wenze ingqungquthela yokubona ugqirha wezonyango, ugqirha okanye ugqirha oncedisayo ukuba unokubona ukuba imeko yakho iyingozi enkulu yokuphefumula.
> Imithombo
> Benowitz NL. Isahluko 132. I-Pseudoephedrine, i-Phenylephrin, kunye namanye amaDonestants. Ku: Olson KR. eds. Ukutyhefuza nokugqithiswa kweDrug, 6e . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012.
> Isihloko esithi "Ukusebenza kunye noKhuseleko lwePenylephrine yomlomo: UkuHlola okuHlolo kunye nokuHlola kweMeta" nguRC Hatton kunye nababhali-mbonisi kwaye bapapashwa kwi -Annals ye-Pharmacotherapy ngo-2007.
> I-athikili ethi "I-phenylphrinephrine yomlomo: Ukutshintshelwa kwe-pseudoephedrin?" ngu-H Hendeles noRC Hatton kwaye bapapashwa kwi- Journal of Allergy kunye ne-Clinical Immunology ngo-2006.
> Isihloko esithi "I-Meta-Uhlalutyo lweZiko loLwazi olulodwa lwe-Phenylephrine 10 mg Ngokuthelekiswa nePaintbo kuBantu abadala abaneNkcenkceshela yeNasal ngokubalulekileyo ngenxa yeCold Common" nguC Kollar kunye nabalobi ababambisene nabo abashicilelwe kwiiNtsholongwane zonyango ngo-2007.
> Westfall TC, Westfall DP. Isahluko 12. I-Adrenergic Agonists kunye ne-Antagonists. Ku: Brunton LL, Chabner BA, Knollmann BC. eds. Goodman & Gilman's The Basmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 12e . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2011.