Uloyiko lweeNkcazo kunye nezikhalazo
Ukuze wenze isigqibo esona sigqibo malunga nokukhulelwa kwakho okungenakulungiswa , kufuneka ufumane ulwazi oluchanekileyo, olungenamkhethe kunye nolwazi olunempilo. Abaninzi abafazi abakhulelweyo baya kutyelela iindawo zokukhulelwa , ezibonakala zifana neekliniki zonyango, zizama ukufumana iingcebiso kunye nokucebisa. Sekunjalo bahlala beshiya bevalelwa emva kokuba bafumene ifilosofi yokuzikhethela.
Amanqaku amaninzi okukhulelwa ahlaselwe ukugxekwa ngenxa yokungazi kakuhle nokusongela abafazi abakhulelweyo ukwenzela ukufezekisa injongo yesikhungo okanye ukuthintela loo ntokazi ukuba athole isisu .
Iziko leengxaki zokukhulelwa zivame ukuqhutywa yimibutho enenjongo yokukhuthaza ubulungiseleli babo kunye neengcamango zobomi. Uninzi lwalezi ziko ezikhuselekileyo zokukhusela zisebenzisa izibhengezo kunye nezibhengezo ngezivakalisi ezifana:
- "Ukhulelwe? Unobungozi? Awunabo"
- "Ukhulelwe? Ukuqwalasela Ukukhipha Isisu?
- Ukhulelwe? Ukuzama Ukukhulelwa Okukhululekileyo Ukunyamekela Nokufihlakele "
- "Ukuqwalasela Ukukhipha Isisu? Ulwazi NgoKhetho Lomfazi"
- Khulelwe? Dinga uncedo? Unokhetho "
- Nga lungiswa? Ukuxhatshazwa? Uncedo loNgcaciso "
Ezi ndlela zokuthengisa zenzelwe ngenjongo yokutsala "ukukhulelwa kwesisu" kwabasetyhini. Iziko leengxaki zengxaki zokukhulelwa zinamaagama kwaye zisebenzisa izipapasho eziza kunika ingcamango yokuba abahambisani nangobuhlanga, abangabonanga, ababoneleli bonyango.
Ngokomzekelo, banokuba namagama afana neCrisis Pregnancy Centre, Uxanduva lokukhulelwa, iZiko loNcedo lokuKhulelwa, iZiko loNgcaciso lokuKhulelwa, okanye iZiko loNcedo lokuTyala. La maziko angasebenzisa amagama afana neengcamango zecwangciso zentsapho yokwenene kuluntu (umz., Ukukhusela isikhungo se-crisis "Cwangcisa Ubunini Bakho Bokubazali"), kwaye ukhethe indawo kufuphi namaziko eempilo ezifanelekileyo.
Oku kwenza kube lula kubafazi ukuba baye kwiziko leengxaki zokukhulelwa ngephutha.
Ezinye iindawo zokukhulelwa ezikhuselekileyo zibonelela ngomoya ovulekile kwaye uthembekile ngenkqubela ngenkxaso yokungathathi hlangothi kunye nolwazi, kwaye nangona amaninzi kula maziko aphila-phambili, ezinye zihamba phambili malunga nefilosofi kunye neenkonzo zabo kunabanye. Izibonelelo zeengxaki zokukhulelwa zihlala zihlala zisebenza ukulungiselela ukuthintela owesifazane okhulelwe ukuba akhuphe isisu. Uphando olunzulu, uphando kunye nobungqina bokuba izigulane ziye zabonisa ukuba uninzi lweengxaki ezikhuselekileyo zokukhulelwa ziwashiya abafazi bekhohlisiwe ngenxa yokukhwabanisa, ukuxhaphaza kunye nefilosofi yenkolo.
Izikhalazo eziphambili malunga namaCrisis Crisis Centers:
Ezi ziko ezikhuselekileyo zokukhulelwa ziye zafunyaniswa ukuba zithengise ngamanga ukuba zinikezela ngeenkonzo zokukhupha isisu okanye ukucebisa-xa, ngokwenene, kufunyaniswe ukuba injongo ephambili yale maziko ikhuthaza abafazi ukuba basebenzise ukhetho lwabo lokukhipha isisu. Amaninzi amaninzi okukhulelwa azinakucinga ukukhetha ukukhipha isisu okanye ukukhupha isisu. Nangona amaziko anikezeli uncedo okanye inkxaso yokukhupha isisu, imibutho eqhubayo iyavuma ukuba inxalenye yesicwangciso sabo sokuthengisa kukufikelela kwizisetyhini-abasetyhini abasengozini.
Bafezekisa ngoku bathengisa ukuba bangabaklinikhi bezempilo besetyhini, kwaye badlaliswe phantsi "kweenkonzo zokukhipha isisu" kwi-Yellow Pages. Ukongezelela, ngoku bazama ukwandisa ubukho babo be-intanethi ngokuqinisekisa ukufakwa kwezinto eziphezulu kwiinjine zokukhangela. Ngoko ke, xa ibhinqa lifuna ulwazi lokukhipha isisu, ukukhulelwa kwezibhengezo zentengiso kunye neziza ziyavela.
IBhunga loPhando lwezeMpilo (iqela elidlulileyo elishumi elidluleyo lenze inxaxheba kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yophando kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yomphakathi eyenzelwe ukuxhasa, ukukhulisa nokukhusela umsebenzi weziko lokukhulelwa kwezizwe ezikhulayo) ithathe inxaxheba kwiprojekthi ekuncediseni ukukhulelwa kwamaziko okuphucula ukuphucula ukuthengisa kwabo izicwangciso ukususela ekubeni la maziko awazange afinyelele amaninzi "abafazi besisu" njengokuba befuna.
I-FRC yenze i-poll yesizwe yabasetyhini abaneminyaka eyi-18-34. Xa uhlalutya iziphumo, bavavanya amagama awayekhethayo abafazi abajongene nokukhulelwa okungalindelekanga babekusetyenziswe xa bekhangela i-Yellow Pages ukuze bakhulelwe. Emva koko, kwingxelo, i-FRC yacebisa ukuba amaziko enkqubela ukukhulelwa aqinisekise ukuba uluhlu lweeklinikhi zabo phantsi kwezi zigaba.
Le ngqungquthela yafumanisa ukuba igama elithi "ingxaki" likhuphe ukuphendula okungalunganga (ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabasetyhini bezentlalo zentlalo). I-FRC icebisa ukuba igama elithi "iZiko loLwazi lwaBasetyhini" (ebonisa ukuba isibonelelo sinikeza uluhlu olupheleleyo lweenkonzo) beyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ekufumaneni abafazi abacebileyo nabasengozini yokukhipha isisu. Iingxelo zabo zanikezela iingcebiso kwisigama esilungileyo amaziko kufuneka asebenzise, ​​ukukhangisa imifanekiso kunye nolwimi, kunye neziphakamiso zendawo. Ngokutsho kwe-FRC, le ngxelo yahanjiswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezikhuselekileyo zokukhulelwa kwaye zachazwa kuzo kwiintlanganiso zonyaka. Ukususela ngoko, "amakhulu amaziko kulo lonke ilizwe ashintshela iinkqubo zabo zokuthengisa kunye nokugxininiswa kweenkonzo ngenxa yesi sifundo se-FRC."
Ngenxa yolu qhetseba, kunokuba lukhohlisayo ukugqiba ukuba yiyiphi intlekele yokukhulelwa ekutyelele. Nangona ezinye zezibonelelo zoncedo zibonelela ngeenkcukacha ezichanileyo kunye nokungathathi hlangothi, abanye bangabakhokelela kwaye banqwenele ngokukhohlisa abafazi abakhulelweyo ngeentengiso ezingamanga okanye ngamagama alahlekisayo. Amaziko okuLawula izifo, ukuCwangciswa koMzali, iNew York Metropolitan Coalition yokuQhuqa isisu, iNational Organisation for Women, i-Attorney General i-Texas, i-American Civil Liberties Union, iNkundla ePhakamileyo yaseNorth Dakota kunye nezopolitiko kunye nabaphandi abahlukahlukeneyo baye bahamba bonke bebhala izikhungo ezinzima zokukhulelwa "zikhohlisayo."
Ukuxela amaTakthi asetyenzisiweyo asetyenziswa ngamaCrisis Crisis Centers:
Xa umfazi sele ekhohlisiwe kwisiko le-crisis center, unokuxhomekeka kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokunyamezela, ukukhathazeka, kunye nokukhusekisa izinto ezenzelwe ukuyiqinisekisa ukuba angafuni ukukhipha isisu. Kuye kwaxelwa ukuba la maziko angabesabisa abesifazana ngokukhala, ukwabelana ngamabali abo, kwaye basebenzise imifanekiso engabonakaliyo yobomi okanye iividiyo zokubonisa ukukhula komntwana. Izibonelelo zeengxaki zokukhulelwa zizama ukuphatha iimvakalelo zentombi kunye neengcamango ngokubhekisela kumntwana njengomntwana "kwaye usebenzisa amagama anjengokuthi," vuyisana, ungumama. " Abasetyhini abaye ba tyelela la maziko bahlala bebelana nabo emva kokuba babe ne-sonogram, ilungu labasebenzi liza kubanika iifoto ezinobuncwane ezinemiyalezo ebhalwe ngabo, "Mama," "Andikwazi ukulinda," kwaye "Ndiyakuthanda. . " Abasebenzi abakwiindawo ezikhuselekileyo zokukhulelwa baya kubhekisela ekukhutsheni isisu njengokubulala okanye ukubulala.
Ezi zilandelayo ziququzelelwe imizekelo yabangamava ahlukeneyo abantu ngexesha lokhuseleko lweziko lokukhulelwa. Nceda uqaphele ukuba le mizekelo ifana nento enokuyilindela kwaye, ngokude, ayikho enye into:
- Ngokombiko we-2002 weZiko loLungelo lokuLawulwa, kukho ibhinqa kwiziko leengxaki zokukhulelwa laxelelwa ukuba "unomdemoni ngaphakathi kuye." Wayese "bombarded ngemifanekiso eqingqiweyo yeintsana eziphazamisekile kunye neentsholongwane eziphithiweyo."
- U-Amy Sutnick, umqeshwa oCwangcisiweyo woBanikazi ubuye watyelela enye yeziko leeNkonzo zoLungiselelo lokuKhulelwa kweManhattan elipapashayo linika "ulwazi oluchanileyo lokukhipha isisu." UNksz Sutnick wabika ukuba kuzo zonke iindawo ezikhuselekileyo zokukhulelwa kwabo, abathathu bafuneka ukuba babukele i-slideshow, Ukunyamekela ngenkathi belinde iziphumo zabo zokuvavanya. I-slideshow yayineenkcukacha ezininzi ezingekho nyaniso malunga neengozi zokukhupha isisu, zonke ezo ziphikisana namaziko okuLawula izifo.
- U-Liz Nazario, umvolontiya kwiziko leengxaki zokukhulelwa, uyavuma ukuba xa uzama ukugubungela ubunzima bebhinqa abafuna ukukhipha isisu, uqala ngokubonisa iifoto ezimnyama kunye nezingubo ezimhlophe zentshukumo ephuthumayo yomntwana; ngoko, uya kuthatha umbala omkhulu, umbala we-fetus enamehlo avaliweyo kunye nokumomotheka. Ekugqibeleni, ubonisa omnye umbala wemibala epheleleyo yemifanekiso yamathambo egazini. Uqhubeka wachaza ukuba ngamanye amaxesha athathe umfazi okhulelweyo waya kwi-chapel encane ukuze athandaze phambi kwe-altare. Utshela uAlan Cooperman, waseWashington Post , ukuba uhlala ecela aba bafazi ukuba babukele ividiyo kwi-TV enkulu. "Ndiyathanda ukusebenzisa iindlela zokukhupha isisu, ichaza isisu sesibini kunye nesithathu," uchaza (ngokubhekiselele kwinkqubo engaqhelekanga kunye nokukhupha isisu). "Enye imantombazana idinga ukuCwenga okuSilumayo . U-Nazario uyabelana naye, "Kwangaphi amaxesha xa intombazana ingena kwaye ithi ufuna ukukhipha isisu, ucinga nje ukuba uyazichukumisa ... Akwenzeki ngokucinga ngengane.
- E-Arizona, uyise wazisa intombi yakhe eneminyaka engama-16 ubudala kwiziko leengxaki emva kokudlwengulwa. Umntwana osemtsha waboniswa "imifanekiso enobuthathaka" kuquka imifanekiso yentsholongwane ebhujisiweyo. Ubaba uxela ukuba iziko, "nje ukudlwengulwa kwakhe ngokomzimba." [I-center pregnancy crisis] i-advocate for the unborn, and hell to the person who is worried.
- U-Nancy Weinstock, umvolontiya we-MAN ngoku, watyelela i-Options Resources Centre, esithembisa isaziso sakhe "ulwazi lolawulo lokuzalwa ." Waxelelwa ukuba "ukulawulwa kokuzalwa akusebenzi ngoba uMama Wendalo akahlose ukuba imizimba yethu ilawulwe." Wayekwaziswa ukuba umchamo kunye nokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa kwegazi "kwakufana" kwaye kusebenza ngokulinganayo (ulwazi olubuxoki).
- INkundlaney Barbour, uncedisi wolawulo kwiYunivesithi yaseNorth Carolina eChapel Hill, wanikela isampuli esakhulelweyo kunye neso sikhungo esibucayi sokukhulelwa, i-Birthchoice. UBarbour wachaza ukuba ngelixa elinde iziphumo zokuvavanya, umcebisi wabonisa iintsholongwane zakhe zeplastiki kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo zophuhliso waza wamxelela ukuba umntwana wakhe unesifo senhliziyo ngokukhawuleza. Umcebisi waphinda wabuza malunga neenkolelo zonqulo zikaBharbour , apho uBarbour waphendula wathi, "Akunjalo, andihambi esontweni, kodwa utata wam wayengumfundisi waseMethodist." Umcebisi waphendula wathi, "Ndiyabhekisa ukuba umninimkhulu uyafuna ukuba unalo lo mntwana." UBurbour uxela ukuba lo mfazi (owenziwe ukuvavanya kwakhe ukukhulelwa) wabuyela ekamelweni waza wamnika ngebhanqa elincinci elincinci, elinobubini obunamandla kwaye wathi, "Ndiyakuvuyela! Ungoko."
- KwiMinnesota, iZiko laBafazi baseRobinsdale, isikhungo senkinga yokukhulelwa kwesisu sokulwa nokukhulelwa sisisitratweni esivela kwiKlinikhi yaseRobbinsdale, enika uluhlu lweenkonzo zonyango kuquka iinkonzo zokukhipha isisu. Abaninzi abasetyhini abaye bafika esikhungweni esikhundleni sekliniki bakhononda ukuba isikhungo sinoxinzelelo kwaye sibakhohlisile. Elinye ibhinqa laze lafaka isikhalazo kummeli-jikelele we-Minnesota esithi, "Xa ndizama ukufumana iklinikhi yaseRobbinsdale, ndangena ngephutha kwiklinikhi yabesifazane ngapha kwetala. Unomcebisi wathetha kum ngokuchasene nokukhupha isisu, ngexesha elithile, ndafunda ukuba andinayo i-aphoyintimenti apho.Abe besithi abayazi ngeklinikhi yaseRobbinsdale. "
- Kwinqanaba le- Legal but Out of Reach , umama ulwabelana ngelixa ekhuselekileyo kwiziko elijongene nokukhulelwa, emva kokuba abasebenzi bebuza ukuba isigqibo sethu siya kuba njani, "mna nentombi yam sathi sagqiba isigqibo sokuba into enhle ukuba enze ngayo ukukhipha isisu kunye nokuba luya kuba lukhulu kangakanani? " Amantombazana amabini athi, "nceda ulinde umzuzu" kwaye wasishiya ... Babuya benodoli kunye nekisi kwaye bathi, "yile nto umntwana wakho abukeka ngayo ngoku kwaye sifuna ukuba uqale ukumnquma kuba oko kuya kwenzeka xa uthabatha isisu - ke qala ukusika! "
Indlela amaZiko okuPhukisa kweNtsholongwane alahlekisa ngayo abafazi:
Ekubeni injongo yokukhusela iindawo ezinzima zokukhulelwa kukumisa umfazi ukuba akhuphe isisu, kuye kwafunyanwa ukuba ngaphezu kokusebenzisa amaqhinga okwesabisa, la maziko ayazama ukuxhaphaza abafazi ngokunika ulwazi olungamanga.
Kubonakala ngathi kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zokungaxeli kakuhle ukuba amaziko anzima ekukhulelweni axelela abafazi abakhulelweyo:
- Akuqhelekanga kula maziko ukuba acetyise owesifazane okhulelwe, njengenye indlela yokukhipha isisu, ukulinda ixesha elifutshane kuba kukho ithuba eliphezulu kakhulu lokuba uya kuba nokuphuphuma kwesisu (kwaye ke akayi kuyidinga ukukhupha isisu).
- Iziko leengxaki zokukhulelwa ziyaziwa ngokuba zingathembekanga malunga nokukhulelwa . Abafazi basoloko bexelelwa ukuba ukulawulwa kokuzalwa akusebenzi kakuhle ekukhuseleni ukukhulelwa kwaye ukuba ukukhulelwa kwe-hormonal kunye neikhondom zenza umhlaza. Abanye abafazi baze baxelelwe ukuba baxelelwa ukuba zonke iikhondom zibophe kwaye aziboneleli naluphi na ukhuseleko lwe-STD . Iifilosofi zenkolo zamaninzi kumaziko zikhokelela ekukhuseleni ukungabikho kokukhulelwa.
- Enye yeengcamango ezinkulu kakhulu ukuba amaziko ahluphekileyo akhulelwe azama ukukholisa abafazi abakhulelweyo ukuba ukukhupha isisu akukhuselekile. Ngokuqhelekileyo, basuke bethetha ngokugqithiseleyo ingozi yokukhipha isisu kwaye bangeke ngokuchanekileyo ukuba ukukhipha isisu kunokubangela ukuba izifo ezithintekayo ze-pelvic, ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic ezayo, ukuphuma kwegazi ngokugqithiseleyo, ukungabikho komntwana, ukuzalwa kwangaphambili kwangaphambili, kwanokufa. Abaxubusha ngendlela abafazi abangama-14 abaye bafa ngayo ngexesha okanye emva kokubeleka kunokufa ngenxa yeengxaki zokukhipha isisu. Ezinye iindawo ezikhuselekileyo zokukhulelwa zihamba ngokukhawuleza ukuba zichaze ngokungafaniyo - ukuphelisa ukukhulelwa kuyingozi nakakhulu kunokuthwala umntwana ukuya kwixesha.
- Eminye ingcaciso engafanelekanga ngala maziko asetyenziswa ngokusisongela ukukhupha isisu ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ukukhipha isisu kubangelwa okanye kubangela umdlavuza webele. Abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba amaziko akhuselekileyo anokukhupha axelele abafazi ukuba yi-100% into eqinisekisiweyo yokuba ukukhipha isisu kubangela umdlavuza webele. Ivolontiya kwelinye lamaziko eNorth Carolina isicacisa into engekho e-Australia apho "yonke intokazi eneminyaka engama-18 ubudala eyakhetha ukukhipha isisu ifunyenwe ngumhlaza wesibele." Abasetyhini banokuxelwa ukuba ukuba banomdla weentsapho zomdlavuza webele, ngokuqinisekileyo baya kufumana umdlavuza baze bafe xa bekhupha isisu.
- Amaninzi amaninzi okukhulelwa ayeza kuzama ukukholisa abafazi ukuba ukukhupha isisu kuya kubangela iingxaki zengqondo . Kukho iingxelo ezingapheliyo zabasetyhini abaye bathetha ngokuphosakeleyo ukuba ukukhupha isisu kunokukhokelela kunoma yintoni "ukusuka kokukhupha isisu" okanye "ukukhulelwa kwesisu emva kokukhulelwa kwesisu, ukuzibulala, isondo kunye nobudlelwane obunzima, ukuphazamiseka kwengcinezelo, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi, kwaye kwanokwandisa amathuba okuba umfazi uya kuxhaphaza kubantwana bakhe bokamva.
- Ekugqibeleni, amaziko athembele njengentlonelo yokwesaba nokugqithisa abafazi abakhulelweyo. Amavavolontiya amaninzi njengamaziko asebenzisa iziphakamiso ezisekelwe eBhayibhileni ukukhuthaza abesetyhini ukuba bangabi ngesondo kuze kube ngumtshato. Baya kuzama ukushumayela inkolo kwixinzelelo ezixhalabileyo okanye abafazi abangaqinisekanga ekuqhubekeni kokukhulelwa baze bangafuni ukukhipha isisu.
Imithombo:
(Esetyenziswe kweli nqaku kunye nemithombo jikelele efakazela inyaniso malunga namaziko okukhulelwa.)
IBhunga loPhando loLuntu. (2013). "Umnqweno wokukhonza, umbono wobomi: Amanyathelo omabhunga ophando lweentsapho zokuqinisekisa nokuqhubela phambili umsebenzi wokukhusela amaziko okhuseleko 1997-2009." FRC & PRCs. Fi kelelwa ngo 6/7/13.
IMamentum yomthetho. (2007). "I-Federal federation-kuphela-mali yokukhulelwa kwamaziko okukhulelwa." Fi kelelwa ngo 6/7/13.
I-NARAL: iPro-Choice yaseMerika. (2007). "Inyaniso malunga namaziko okukhulelwa kweengxaki." Fi kelelwa ngo 6/7/13.
I-NARAL: iPro-Choice eNorth Carolina. (2013). "Inyaniso ibonakaliswe: Amaziko okukhulelwa aphantsi kweNorth Carolina." Fi kelelwa ngo 6/7/13.