Ukunyamekela Izifo Ngaphandle Kwendawo Yomzimba
Intanethi ishintsha yonke into. Omnye unokuthenga iimpahla zangaphantsi okanye imoto entsha kunye nenkqubo. Nokuba kuthengwa kwekhaya kunokwenzeka, kubandakanywa ukufaneleka kwemali mboleko kwi-smartphone. Nangona wenze uhambo oluqhelekileyo lwendlu yakho entsha, ingxaki uyenziwa ngayo yonke intsebenziswano nge-imeyile kwaye usayine onke amanqaku ngendlela ekhompyutheni, ngaphandle kwelo candelo lokugqibela elifuneka ukuba liphawulwe.
Ngokufanayo, amaziko angama-911 aguqukela ukuvumela abafowuni ukuba basebenzise imiyalezo yokuthumela imiyalezo ukuba baxele ingxelo engxamisekileyo . Kwezinye iindawo zelizwe, iimpendulo zokuqala ekubanjweni kwintliziyo zinokuthi zihluthwe ngesohlwayo ngeso sicelo esilumkisa izisebenzi zokuzithandela eziseduze. Kude kangakanani ngaphambi kokuba iigulane kunye neenjini zomlilo ziqhubekele kwiimeko eziphuthumayo?
Ngalo lonke utshintsho kunye nobuchule, akumangalisi ukuba ukuhanjiswa kwezempilo kwintengiso. Akunjalo nje kuphela ukuhamba ngemoto yee-ambulensi-ingcinga yokuba izigulane ezininzi azikhohlisi ngokwenene-kodwa nangendlela umntu abona ngayo ugqirha uyatshintsha.
Unonophelo lwezeMpilo: Ukwenza ubudlelwane obude obude
Unonophelo lwezempilo olululo (olubizwa ngokuba yi-telehealth okanye i-telemedicine) ligama elithetha ngokusebenzisa ifowuni okanye i-video ingxoxo ukuze ihlolwe kwaye iphathwe ngugqirha. Unonophelo olululo lwezempilo luyinto efanelekileyo yokunyamekela ngokukhawuleza kuba ivumela isigulane ukuba sibone ugqirha wayo (okanye nawuphi na ugqirha) nanini na xa efuna, kaninzi ngaphandle kokulinda kunye nokutyelela ngokukhawuleza.
Kukulungile xa ugqirha wesigulane sisekude. Umgqirha wam umfazi wanyuka ngaphaya kweekhilomitha ezili-100 kude nathi, kodwa ubudlelwane bakhe nodokotela wakhe usabomelele. Angasebenzisa iindlela zokusebenzisa i-telehealth ukuze amncede ahlale ethintana kwaye ahlole ngokukhawuleza ngefowuni okanye incoko yevidiyo. Akudingeki ukuba aqale ngaphaya nodokotela omtsha.
Kwezinye iimeko, iqonga le nxibelelwano lisekelwe kwi-app ye-smartphone. Ezinye iipulatifomu zingabakho kwiwebhu okanye zisebenzise amaziko okufowunelwa ngabasebenzi. Kwiinguqu ezininzi, oogqirha banokuqhagamshelana phakathi kwezigulane ngendlela endala: eofisini.
Iintlobo zeeNkqubo zoKhathalelo eziNtle
Unonophelo lwezempilo olululo aluzange luvele nje ngaphandle. Kuye kwintlangano yezobugcisa kunye nempilo.
Iingcebiso zonyango zabahlengikazi zafika kuqala. Ezi zijoliswe ekunciphiseni iindleko zabagcini bomshuwalense ngokusebenzisa umongikazi ukuba anike isikhokelo malunga nokuba uya kwi-ER okanye wenze i-aphoyintimenti. Amanqaku okucebisa abahlengikazi ngokuqhelekileyo axhomekeke kumgaqo-protocol (oongikazi banokripthi kunye ne-algorithm ekufuneka bayilandele), kodwa sele bekhulile ukubonelela ngokungaphezulu kwendlela efanelekileyo yokunyamekela ngokwenyama.
Abahlengikazi ngoku banikezela zonke iintlobo zoncedo lwezonyango kunye namanqaku amaninzi eengcebiso baqesha abahlengikazi ukuba bavavanye izigulane baze bancede bafumane unyameko abayidingayo. Ezi ziinkqubo eziqhutywe ngeenkqubo, kodwa zifuna abazinzileyo ukuba bakwazi ukwenza izigqibo ezinokliniki ezinamandla.
I-iteration elandelayo ibizwa ngokuba yi-telemedicine. Kule nguqulelo, kukho ugqirha okhoyo kwiphepha. Yilokho eyakhokelela kwiinkonzo zokunyamekela kunye neepulatifomu.
Iinkqubo ze-Telemedicine zineendidi ezahlukeneyo zakhiwo. Kwiintlobo ezininzi ze-smartphone, akukho mntu phakathi kwesigulane kunye nodokotela. Kuphela isigulane, i-doc, kunye nefowuni.
Iindwendwe ezintle, Imisebenzi yangempela
Kwiinguqulelo ezininzi zeemodeli ezibonakalayo ngoku kwiimarike, oogqirha banomgangatho wegolide weenkonzo zonyango. Umongikazi okanye umncedisi wezokwelapha angayiphendula le khowudi ekuqaleni kwaye enze inkqubo yengxelo yesigulane-igama, umhla wokuzalwa, i-inshorensi, idilesi, ugqirha oyintloko, njl. -kodwa imali yintsebenziswano yonyango, edla ngokufutshane.
Le ngxaki enhle ngugqirha.
Ukusebenzisana nomonde kuyangqinqiswa kuba akukho mntu ufuna ukuchitha ixesha elide kunelo mfuneko kwifowuni. Ufumana nje into oyifunayo, kodwa akusiyo njengomntu ojongene nobuso. Emva kokuba usulele ixesha lakho kwinkqubo yokukhangela kwaye wenze uhlaselo lwakho kwigumbi lokulinda eliqhelekileyo, unokuvakalelwa utshintsho olufutshane kunye nokuvakatyezwa kweminithi emihlanu kwiklinikhi. Ngefowuni, ke, ukutyelela okufutshane kuninzi kukukhetha. Kungcono isigulane kuba onke amava angaphezu kwangoko kwaye azuzisa kakhulu ugqirha ngenxa yokubuyisela isiguli esiphezulu.
Kwamanye amaxesha amaninzi afanelekileyo, ugqirha wenza njengesikhokelo esiya kumaqela ezonyango ezise-site ezenziwe ngabahlengikazi okanye abagadi be-paramedics . Oogqirha basebenzisa abanikezeli bezononophelo zonyango ukuba babe zezandla, amehlo kunye neendlebe. Umongikazi okanye i-paramedic unokunyuka kunye kunye nezigulane. Banokuziva ukufudumala kunye nomswakama wesikhumba. Bangakwazi ukuphulaphula izandi zomphunga baze bathathe imiqondiso ebalulekileyo. Banokubonelela ngoncedo olunzulu lwezonyango kunye nemiyalelo evela kudokotela.
Zininzi iinkqubo ze-telemedicine ezisetyenziselwa ukunceda izibhedlele ukunciphisa ukufundwa kwezigulane ezisanda kukhutshwa. I-Medicare yenze le nxaxheba ngokubambisa izibhedlele ukuba izigulane ezisanda kutshatyalaliswa kufuneka zibuyiselwe esibhedlele kwimeko efanayo.
Ezinye iinkqubo ze-telemedicine zisebenzisa le modeli ukuze zixilonge kwaye zikhokele ngononophelo lweenkqubo zonyango ezingxamisekileyo. Ukusebenzisa i-telemedicine, ugqirha unokuncediswa phantse nayiphi na intsebenziswano engxamisekileyo phantse naphi na emhlabeni. Amadokhumenti e-San Francisco angakhokelela ukuhlinzwa kwi-Antarctica okanye i-neurosurgeon inokusebenza kunye ne-paramedics ukufumanisa izigulane ze- stroke .
Kwezinye iimeko, iil paramedics okanye abahlengikazi kwicala lokulala banxiba iteknoloji njengemigqomo yevidiyo okanye iikhamera zomzimba ukuncedisa ugqirha ukubona isigulane sisondele.
Ukuphendula ifowuni
Kuthiwani ngala minye imisebenzi, nangona kunjalo? Uphi umhlengikazi ophendule ifowuni? Leyo ingaba ngabaphathi beziko lokuphendula iifowuni kwiibhukhi zabo kunye nokusingatha ukusebenzisana kwezihlandlo ezili-12 ngeyure, okanye babe ngabahlali emizini yabo baphendule iifowuni ezihanjiswa kubo ngokusebenzisa iplanethi yesoftware.
Isikolo sobuhlengikazi asinayo icandelo malunga nokuhlolwa kwefoni kunye nokunyamekela, ngoko ezininzi zezi zikhundla zifuna uhlobo oluthile loqeqesho ukulungiselela umongikazi we-telemedicine. Iimvavanyo zihluke kakhulu xa unqamle kwisikrini se-smartphone okanye, ngakumbi nakakhulu, usebenzisa amagama omguli wakho ukujonga ngeso lengqondo inkcazo yazo.
Abathunywa be-911 beengcali xa kuziwa ekuboniseni oko kwenzekayo kwenye iphelo lomnxeba. Abapapashi abaqeqeshwe ukuphatha iifowuni zezokwelapha, kuquka ukubonelela ngemibandela yezokwelapha kubafowuni abangaqeqeshelwa ngamachiza, bayazi ukuthatha umyalelo wencoko kwaye ufumane umnxeba ukuba athobele. Abathunywa be-911 banako uqeqesho oluncinci lwonyango. I-algorithm yenza zonke izigqibo kubo. Yenzelwe ukuyikhokela ekusebenzisaneni kwezokwelapha esekelwe kuphela kwiimpendulo zomfaki-mibuzo kwiimbuzo ezibekwe ngu-algorithm.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, izigulana ezibiza ngokuba yinkqubo yokunyamekela ngokukhawuleza ayifumananga nxamnye noxakeko olujongene nobomi, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba ngamnye umnxeba. Abahlengikazi abakwazi ukungazihoxisi ezo ntlobo zeefowuni. Ukubeka abahlengikazi ngokuqeqeshwa okufana neyo-911 dispatcher kunceda ukudala i-hybrid engasebenzisa izilungiso ngendlela eyinkcazo.
Ukuphuculwa kwexesha elizayo
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba ngubani ophendula iifowuni okanye olungiselela unyango, iingcali ze-IT kunye nekhompyutheni zekhompyutha zifunekayo ukwenza yonke into isebenze ekupheleni. Zininzi zalezi ziqonga azikho. Ziyikhowudi zekhompyutha eziphambi kwendalo. Iinjineli zonxibelelwano kunye neengcali zonxibelelwano zinceda ukwenza inkqubo isebenze kuphela emva kokuba umyilili enze i siseko.
Iibhanki zonyango zigcina ingeniso ejikelezayo kwimva. Uninzi lwamaqonga alitsha kwaye alukafaneli kwimizekelo yokuthengiswa kwe-inshorensi yonyango. Ixesha elizayo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lithembele ekufumaneni umzekelo ovelisa imali engenayo kwaye uzinzileyo.
> Imithombo:
> Gordon, AS, Adamson, WC, & DeVries, AR (2017). Ukutyelela okuKhe tyekile, uLonophelo olungenasigxina: Ukuhlaziywa kwamabango okusetyenziswa kweSigaba seNqanaba. Umbhalo woPhando lwe-Intanethi yezoNyango , 19 (2), e35. http://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.6783
> Schoenfeld AJ, Davies JM, Marafino BJ, Dean M, DeJong C, Bardach NS, Kazi DS, Boscardin WJ, Lin GA, Duseja R, Mei YJ, Mehrotra A, Dudley RA. Utshintsho kuMgangatho woLondolozo lwezeMpilo oluPhezulu olunikezwe ngexesha leetyelelo ezibuGcisa. JAMA Intern Med . 2016 Meyi 1; 176 (5): 635-42. i-doi: 10.1001 / jamainternmed.2015.8248.