Amagama abhubhane kunye nengqungquthela idla ngokudibeneyo kwaye idideke kalula. Nangona kunjalo, nangona kunjalo ngokufanayo, la magama mabini anentsingiselo eyahlukileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, kukho ukucaciswa okubalulekileyo.
Ubhubhane ngokubhekiselele kuPhuloli
Ingqungquthela ibhekisela kwisifo esithathelwanayo, esithathelwanayo okanye esiyintsholongwane esasasazeka kubantu abaninzi kwindawo ethile. Ngokomzekelo, ukuqhambuka kweengulube e-United States kwakuza kuthathwa njengengqungquthela, ekubeni nje usulelo luphela kumanyeneyo aseUnited States.
Ingqungquthela ibonakala ngaphezu kweenombolo zamatyala ayeza kulindeleke ukuba usulele okanye ugula. Eli gama alinakudideka kunye nokuphela kwayo .
Ubhubhane buhluke kakhulu kubhubhane . Njengomkhuhlane, ubhubhane lubhekisela kwisifo esithathelwanayo, esithathelwanayo okanye esichengileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngokungafani nentsholongwane, ubhubhane aluphelelanga kwenye indawo ethile. Esikhundleni salo, ubhubhane lunakho ukufaka izigidi zabantu kwiindawo ezininzi nakwihlabathi lonke, ngokutsho kweNkcazo yezeMpilo yeNhlaba.
Izigaba zoLuntu
I-World Health Organisation igcina yonke i-virus ngeesethi:
- Isigaba 1: Ngexesha lesigaba 1, iintsholongwane zijikeleza kwizilwanyana kuphela. Akukho ntsholongwane yabantu esele isiphumo segciwane lesilwanyana.
- Isigaba sesi-2: Kwisigaba sesi-2, intsholongwane yesilwanyana ibangele isifo kumntu. Kule ngongoma, kukho isisiseko esisisiseko sokusongela ubhubhane ngenxa yokuba intsholongwane yesifo sengculaza iguqule ukwenza loo nto idluliselwe kumntu. Abantu sele banokusuleleka kwintsholongwane.
- Isigaba 3: Kwinqanaba lesi-3, intsholongwane iyaqhubeka isasazeka. Amaqela abantu anikwe i-HIV kwintlalo enye. Kukho ukusabalala kwintsholongwane ukuba abanye ngaphandle kwale ndawo badibanisa nabo bantu abanesifo. Kule ngongoma, isigulo singathatyathwa njengengqungqungquthela kuloo ndawo, kodwa ayikho isifo.
- Isigaba 4: Kwisigaba 4, intsholongwane iyasasazeka ngakumbi. Ukusasazeka kwegciwane lesintu ukuya kubantu kunye nezilwanyana kubangele ukuqhuma kwiindawo ezininzi kwaye abantu abaninzi baya kugula kulawo maqela. Uluntu oluthe xaxa lwengxelo yokuphazamiseka kunye nokubakho kobhubhane kuya kuba nzima, nangona ukuphuhliswa kwesibhubhane akusekho isiqinisekiso.
- Isigaba sesi-5: Kwinqanaba lesi-5, ukudluliselwa kwabantu ngokubhekiselele kumntu kuyenzeka ubuncinane kumazwe amabini kwindawo enye ye-WHO. I-WHO ine-Network of 120 Influenza Centers kumazwe angama-90 ahlukeneyo. Kwinqanaba lesi-5, uninzi lwamazwe alunakuchukunyiswa, kodwa ubhubhane lubhekwa njengesondele. IsiGaba sesi-5 sibonisa ukuba oorhulumente kunye namagosa ezempilo kufuneka balungele ukuphumeza izicwangciso zokunciphisa izifo.
- Isigaba sesi-6: Isigaba sokugqibela sisigaba 6. Kwinqanaba lesi-6, i-global pandemic epidemic iqhubeka. Ukugula kusasazeke kwaye oorhulumente kunye namagosa ezempilo bazama ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza ukunciphisa ukusasazeka kwesifo, kunye nokunceda abantu babo bajongane nayo ngokusebenzisa amanyathelo okukhusela nokuyeka.
- I-Post-pandemic: I-Post-pandemic isithuba emva kokuba ubhubhane lwenzekile. Emva kokunyuka komsebenzi, umsebenzi wokusabalalisa isifo uya kuqala. Ukuthintela ukutshatyalaliswa okwesibini kubaluleke kakhulu kule nqanaba.
Ixesha lexesha lezi zigaba lihluka kakhulu, njengoko liyakwazi ukuluhlula ukusuka kwiinyanga ukuya kwiminyaka.