Unyango lweeNtsholongwane zeeNtliziyo
Phantse iipesenti ezili-12 zabantu bonke baya kuba neentso zamatye ngexesha elithile ebomini babo. Enyanisweni, iilongo zamatye zibe yintetho yesithathu ebonakalayo ebonakalayo kwi-urro tract infection and prostate diseases.
Amathambo eentso ahlaba ubuhlungu obukhulu kwaye abuyisele kubuhlungu, kubuhlungu okanye kwintlungu. Ubunzima beli ntlungu buqhelekileyo. Ezinye iimpawu ezihamba kunye neentso zeengtso ziyimfiva, izibilini, isisongela, ukuhlanza, umchamo wamanzi kunye nomchamo ombala.
Kwiintlanga ezininzi, intlungu yesitye seentso iphoqa uhambo oluya kwindlu yokuphucula.
Amatye angayifaka kwi-bladder, ureters okanye izintso. Xa amatye anjalo atholakala kwiimpso, anokukhutshwa kwakhona njenge-calalli ye-renal okanye i-nephrolithiasis. Amathambo eentso angabaphazamisa okanye angagcini. Ukuvalwa kwamatye eentso kunkulu (ngaphezu kwe-7 mm) kwaye uvale i-urinary tract ngaloo ndlela efuna unyango olunzima. Amathambo eentso ezingabonakaliyo amancinci kwaye adlula ngokwabo kwaye afuneki ukuhlala esibhedlele. Endaweni yoko, ukuba ubeka kwigumbi lokuxakeka ngamatye okuza kudlulayo, uya kufumana imichiza yeentlungu (i-NSAID kunye okanye ngaphandle kwe-opioids) kunye nemiyalelo yokuzihambisa kunye nokulandelelana nodokotela wakho.
Amathambo eentso ngokuqhelekileyo akhiwa nge-calcium oxalate. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuxhomekeke kweso sizathu, ukubunjwa kweentsimbi zeentso kuyahluka, kwaye kungenziwa nge-calcium phosphate, struvite, cystine okanye uric acid.
Xa iintso zamatye zidlula emcinini, ziyakuthi zibonwe njengezondlo ezinokukunceda ekuxilongeni kwalo mqathango.
Xa umntu eveza igumbi lexakeka kunye noxilongo olucatshulwayo lwamatye eentso, isifo se-CT ngaphandle kwesantlukwano ngokuqhelekileyo siyalwa ukuba sijonge naluphi na amatye entso. Amatye eentso angabonwa ngenye indlela yokuxilonga kuquka i-ultrasound, i-x-ray, i-MRI, kunye ne-fluoroscopy.
Ukongezelela, i-urinalysis iyalelwe ukuba ihlolisise umchamo wamakristali kunye neeseli ezibomvu zegazi (ezibonisa ukuphuma kwegazi).
Amatye eenkunzi ezinkulu ezikhusela umgudu womchamo ungadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze ususwe. Noko ke, ukutyanda kweetye zetye , ngoku kunqabile. Esikhundleni saloo ndlela, ukutshitshiswa kwe-wave-thotripsy (ESWL) yenziwe yinto ehamba ngayo xa iphathwa ngamatye eentso.
Nge-ESWL, amagagasi omsindo ophezulu asetyenziswa ukutshatyalalisa amatye entsholongwane abonakaliswe ngokusebenzisa i-ultrasound. Ezi zitshixo zeentso zikwazi ukugqithisa ngokukhawuleza kwi-urinary tract ngokusebenzisa umchamo. Okuthakazelisayo, iteknoloji esetyenziselwa ukuphuhlisa i-ESWL isekelwe kwi-tekhnoloji esetyenziselwa ukuphuhlisa iinqwelo ze-aircraft.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokusetyenziswa kwe-ESWL. Okokuqala, i-ESWL ingasetyenziswa ngokusebenzisa ibhedi yamanzi apho ugeleza ngamanzi kunye namaza omsindo aphezulu athunyelwa emanzini. Ngaphandle koko, la majelo omsindo aphezulu angabhekiswa kumkhombe wamanzi abekwe phezu kwesikhumba sakho. Zombini iinkqubo ezingenakonwaba kwaye i-anesthesia isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngexesha le nkqubo. I-Anesthesia iphinda ivuselele ixesha lokubuyisela emva kwe-ESWL.
Ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-anesthesia, i-ESWL ingaba nobuhlungu.
Ngokukodwa, i-ESWL iyona intlungu xa ubukhulu beliphakathi apho izandi zihamba khona zihamba phakathi kwamanzi kunye nezicubu okanye izicubu kunye namatye. Ngaloo ndlela, intlungu ibonakala i-visceral, enzulu kwiimpso apho ilitye likhona khona.
Nangona i-ESWL ikhuselekile ngokuqhelekileyo, inqabileyo ingabangela i-heart arrhythmias okanye i-mess by the pacemakers. Ukongezelela, i-ESWL ngezinye izihlandlo idla ngokuxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokwehluleka kwentliziyo. Inqanaba elithile lokulimala kwenkunkuma kunye nokuphuma kwegazi kuqhelekile emva kokusetyenziswa kwe-ESWL.
Ukongeza kwindlela yokuhlinzwa okanye i-ESWL, kwiimeko ezithile, i-ureteroscopy kunye ne-endoscopy ingasetyenziselwa ukujonga ngokucacileyo nokususa amatye eentso.
Ureteroscopy isetyenziselwa ukubuyisela amatye abanjwe kwi-ureters.
Amatye eentso ngenxa yeempembelelo ezidibeneyo zofuzo kunye nemeko. Ngokuxhomekeka kweso sizathu, ngamanye amaxesha ungathatha amanyathelo athile ukukhusela amatye eentso. Ngokomzekelo, umbandela oqhelekileyo umngcipheko ochaphazelekayo ngamatye eentso ukutyhelelwa kwamanzi; Ngako oko, ukusela amanzi amaninzi okanye nokuthatha i-diuretics (iipilisi zamanzi) kunokunceda ukukhusela amatye entso. (Ugqirha wakho makabeka i-diuretics.) Ngaphezu koko, ukutya okuthile kunokufaka isandla ekuphuhliseni iintlobo ezithile zeentsimbi zamathambo. Ngokomzekelo, isipinashi iqulethe i-oxalate, icandelo leentso zeengtso ezakhiwa nge-calcium oxalate. Ukongezelela, ukunciphisa inani leenyama kunye ne-sodium oyidlayo kunokuthintela amatye e-calcium oxalate.
Imithombo ekhethiweyo
UHwang JQ, uPoffenberger C. uHwang JQ, uPoffenberger C Hwang, uJames Q., kunye noCori McClure Poffenberger.Isiqendu 10. I-Renal and Urinary System I-Ultrasound. Ku: Carmody KA, Moore CL, Feller-Kopman D. Carmody KA, Moore CL, Feller-Kopman D Eds. UKristin A. Carmody, kunye no-al. I-Handbook yoNonophelo oluPhezulu kunye noNcedo oluPhezulu lwe-Ultrasound . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; Ngo-2011. Ukufikelela ngoDisemba 12, 2015.
UCereda M, uKennedy S. Cereda M, uKennedy S Cereda, uMaurizio, noSean Kennedy.Isiqendu 61. Ukuqwalaselwa kweengcinga ze-Genitourinary and Renal Surgery. Ku: Longnecker DE, Brown DL, Newman MF, Zapol WM. I-Longnecker DE, i-Brown DL, iNewman MF, iZapol WM Eds. UDavid E. Longnecker, kunye no-al. Anesthesiology, 2e . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012. Kufumaneka ngoDisemba 12, 2015.