Iziphumo zokukhutshwa kwezimpembelelo zokutshintshwa kwe-hip ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
Utyando lokutshintshwa kwe-Hip liphakathi kweenkqubo eziqhelekileyo zomzimba. Lo msebenzi wenziwa malunga nama-300,000 amaxesha e-United States ngo-1997. Nangona inkqubo iphumelele ngakumbi kwaye ikhuselekile, ayizange iphelelwe. Enye yezona nkxalabo eziqhelekileyo kwezi zigulane kunye noogqirha yinkxalabo yokutshintshwa kwe-hip ibe yinto ephumayo emva kwexesha.
Kutheni ukuchithwa kwe-hip kufudumele?
Ukutshintshwa kwe-Hip kungenza okubi ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Ezi ziquka:
- Ukuhluthwa ngokutshintshwa kwe-hip
- Usulelo lwe-hip esikhundleni
- Ukuqhekeka okanye ukugqithiswa kokufakelwa
- Ukulimala kwithambo elijikelezile ukuveliswa
Ingxaki eqhelekileyo yokutshintshwa kwe-hip kukuba iqala ukuyikhulula ngokuhamba kwexesha. Izifo kunye nokuqhekeka kwezimpembelelo aziqhelekanga, kodwa iingxaki ezinzima.
Yintoni ekutshintshiselwa ukutshintshwa kwe- hip?
Ukutshintshwa kwe-Hip replacement kwenzeka emva kwexesha, kwaye kunokubangela iingxaki ngomsebenzi oqhelekileyo we-hip replacement prosthesis. Xa ukutshintshwa kwe-hip kufakwa emzimbeni, kungakhathaliseki ukuxhomekeka-kufakwe kwisithambo, okanye kumiswe kwindawo. Ngayiphi na indlela, ihambelana ngokusondeleyo kwithambo lesithanga (i-femur) kunye ne-pelvis ukuze i-implant ikwazi ukuhamba. Xa izifakelo zidibanisa, ukutshintshwa kwe-hip kungaqala ukuhambisa imali encinci. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kuhambelana nentlungu ekhulayo kunye nokulahlekelwa kwesisombululo esifumaneka ngumguli.
Kuze kube nini ukuchithwa kwe-hip kuthatha ixesha lokugqibela?
Uninzi lwama-hip substitution lugqibela umyinge wama-20-25 iminyaka. Ezinye izithuba zokuhlala ziza kuhlala ixesha elide, ngelixa ezinye izimpembelelo zokufakelwa kwe-hip zingaphumeleli ngokukhawuleza. Ngezinye izihlandlo zokufakelwa ukutshintshwa kwezixhobo ziya kutshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuhlinzwa, ngelixa unokuva malunga nezigulane eziye zafakelwa amajoyina iminyaka engama-30 okanye ngaphezulu engenazo iingxaki.
Kutheni ukutshintshwa kwe-hip kususa ukukhathazeka okunjalo?
Bobabini oogqirha kunye nezigulane zixhalabele kakhulu ngxaki yokutshintshwa kwe-hip yokuhlutha indawo ngenxa yokuhlinzwa ngokutsha okutshintshwayo (ukutshintshwa kwendawo yokutshintshwa ngokubambisana ) yinto enzima kakhulu. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Hip replacement kaninzi akuphumelelanga njengento yokuqala yokusebenza. Emva kokuhlaziywa kwemisebenzi, izigulane zivame ukubuyisela ukunyuswa kokubambisana komncinci. Kwakhona, ixesha elide lokufakelwa kwehla liyehla ukuhlaziywa nganye. Ngako oko, oogqirha bavame ukunqanda ukutyunjwa okutshintshiselana ngokufanelekileyo kuze kube yinto efunekayo, kwaye uzame ukufumana i-mileage engaphezulu ukusuka kulowo nalowo utshintshwayo.
Ukuze uthole iinkcukacha ezongezelelweyo malunga nezizathu zokutshintshwa kwe-hip ukukhishwa, funda.
Kutheni ukuchithwa kwe-hip kungaphumeleli kwaye kuyadingeka ukuba utshintshwe ngaphezu kwexesha?
Njengoko kuchazwe ngaphambili kweli nqaku, kukho izimbalwa ezinobangela zokutshintshwa kwe-hip ukungaphumeleli, okanye ukuhamba kakubi. Kwiminyaka emashumi eyadlulayo, xa ukutyunjwa okutshintshiselanayo kwakutsha, kwakukho izinto ezahlukileyo ezazimisela ukuba ixesha elide lokutshintshwa kwe-hip liza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani. Ezinye zezinto zokuqala zangaphambili zahluleka ngenxa yokuba izinyithi zazingenakucala okanye iiplastiki zatshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza.
Ngenxa yokuphucula ngamandla okwenziwa kwe-hip substitution substhesis kunye namandla okulungiswa kwe-implant, ukutshintshwa kwe-hip kuthatha ixesha elide xa lifakwe.
Ukongezelela, ngokuphuculwa kwindlela yobumba kunye nokunyango lwezonyango, isifo esibi kakhulu sesifo soxinzelelo lwe-prosthesis sanciphise. Ngoku, isizathu esivakalayo sokutshintshwa okuhlanganyelweneyo kubangelwa ukugqoka kwimihlaba yokufakela, kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwethambo elijikelezileyo. Le ngxaki ibizwa ngokuba yi- osteolysis , kwaye ibangela ukutshintshwa kwe-hip ukuba ikhulule ixesha elide.
Yintoni eyenzekayo xa i-osteolysis ivela?
I-Osteolysis yinkinga ebangela ukuba ithambo elijikeleze ukutshalwa kwezinto libonakala ngathi 'liyancibilika'. Ukubuthathaka kwethambo malunga nokutshintshwa kwe-hip kubonakala kwi-x-ray, kwaye kubonakala ngathi kukho imingxuma kwithambo elijikeleze ukutshintshwa ngokubambisana. Ngenxa yethambo elithakathaka, ukutshintshwa kwe-hip kuya kukhululeka, kwaye kuqala ukugquma ngaphakathi kwethambo.
Izigulane zifumana iimpawu zentlungu kunye nokunciphisa kwesikhalazo somlenze. Igama lobugcisa lobu buthakathaka bethambo lubizwa ngokuba yi-osteolysis.
Yintoni 'isifo sesimente', kwaye le nto ihluke njani kwi-osteolysis?
Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, le ngxaki yamathambo ebonwe kwi-x-ray ibizwa ngokuba 'isifo sesimente'.
Eli gama livela kwinto yokuba oogqirha bebengayazi imbangela yobuthathaka bethambo. Ngenxa yokuba isamente yayisetyenziselwa ukutshintshwa kwe-hip, ingxaki yayicinga ukuba ingenxa yesimenti, ngoko igama le-sement isifo. Igama linamathele, nangona ngoku kuyaziwa ukuba isamente ayiyona ingxaki.
I-osteolysis ivela njani?
I-osteolysis iyenzeka ngenxa yokugqithisa kwiindawo zokutshintshwa kwe- hip . Kwixesha elidlulileyo lokusetyenziswa, iinqununu ezincinci zengxube ye-hip zibangela ukucasuka kwiimfucu ezijikelezayo, kwaye ziqala ukwenza ukuba buthathaka kwethambo. Nangona ukutshintshwa kwe-hip esikhundleni samanje kwenziwe ngezixhobo ezinokumelana nokugqithisa kakuhle, nokuba ixabiso elincinci lala maqhezu amancinci angonakalisa ithambo elijikelezayo.
I-osteolysis ingagwenywa njani?
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uvavanyo luye lwaqala ukuphanda ukuba ingaba ezinye iindlela zokutshintshwa kwendawo ye-metal-on-plastics (i-polyethylene) ye-hip replaces ziza kunciphisa. Iziplani ezintsha ezenziwe nge- ceramic-on-polyethylene , i- ceramic-on-ceramic , kunye nesinyithi-on-metal ziphandwa ukuze zichonge ixesha elide lifaniswe ne-metal-on-polyethylene.
Ziziphi iimplantshi ezitsha zicinga ukuba zihlala ixesha elide?
Izixhobo ezintsha zokufakelwa zivame ukuba nezincinci ezincinci zokugqoka; Ezi ziyingxube ze-debris eziqokelelwa ngaphezu kweminyaka njengoko idibeneyo igqoke, kufana ne-rabhere igqoke amathayi emoto.
Ukongeza kokuba neincinci ezincinci zokugqoka, i-volume jikelele yokugqoka kule miphumo iphinde ibe ngaphantsi kwezimpembelelo zendalo-on-polyethylene. Nangona kunjalo, awaziwa kodwa ukuba ezi ntlobo ezahlukeneyo ziza kunciphisa izinga lokukhutshwa kwezimpembelelo kwixesha. Ngaphezu koko, kunokukho nezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwezi ntlobo ezihlukeneyo zokufakelwa kwe-hip esikhundleni .
Ngelishwa kwizigulane, akukho mpendulo ecacileyo malunga naluphi uhlobo lokufakelwa "olungcono." Isizathu salokhu ukwenzela ukuvavanya impumelelo yexesha elide kwezi ntlobo zentsholongwane ezintsha, iimfuno kufuneka ziqhubeke iminyaka emininzi kwaye zibandakanye izigulane ezininzi.
Amagqirha amaninzi anokhetho oluqinileyo olubhekiselele kuhlobo oluthile lwe-hip replacement substtion, kwaye angasebenzisa oku kuzo zonke izigulane ngenxa yokuba bayazi kakuhle loo nto. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga naluphi uhlobo lokufakela isetyenziselwa ukutshintshwa kwe-hip, kufuneka uxoxe nale ngogqirha wakho.