I-osteoarthritis enomdla ithathwa njengeyinto engavamile kunye neyodwa eyakhekileyo ye- osteoarthritis (OA). Kuyingqayizivele kuba kukho ukuvuvukala okubandakanyekayo okubandakanyekayo, okukhokelela kwiziphumo ze-x-ray, kunye nobuhlungu obukhulu kunye nokuqina.
Ngokufumana ulwazi malunga nesi sifo, unokuqiniseka ukuba kutheni kunokukhubaza ngaphezu kwesandla se-OA.
Izibonakaliso kunye neMpawu
I-osteoarthritis edlalayo iqala ngokuqala ngokukhawuleza kokunyamezela okukhulu kumanxeba amaninzi kunye kunye namazinga ahlukeneyo obomvu, ubunzima, ukufudumala kunye nokuvuvukala. Ukuqala ngokukhawuleza kweempawu ezibonakalayo kwi-osteoarthritis ngokungafaniyo nokuvela ngokuthe ngcembe kwi-osteoarthritis yesandla.
I-X-ray yezandla zomntu onomdla osteoarthritis ubonisa imimandla ephakathi, ephuka kwisithambo phakathi kwendawo yokubambisana (kwi-ray-ray, ubona "indawo ezingenanto" okanye indawo apho kufuneka kube khona ithambo kodwa kukho ayiyo).
Kwi-osteoarthritis, iinguqu ze-x-ray ezingabonwa ziquka:
- I-osteophytes (ukukhula kwebony)
- I-subchondral cysts (i-cysts kwithambo phantsi kwe-cartilage)
- Iingqungquthela (ukutshatyalaliswa okuyingxenye)
- Ama-Ankyloses (ukuqina kobambiswano oluvela kwi-fusion bone)
Abafazi bachaphazeleka ngakumbi kunabantu
Ubuninzi bentsholongwane ye-osteoarthritis ibangama-3 ekhulwini labemi bonke, kwaye abafazi bachaphazeleka ngaphezu kwamadoda.
Nangona kunjalo, ezi zepesenti zixutyushwa yiingcali, inxalenye yokuba ezinye iingcaphephe eziye zahlola ukuqhubela phambili kwe-osteoarthritis ingxelo yokuba isibalo esiphezulu sabantu (ukuya kuma-40 ekhulwini) sibonisa "utshintsho oluthile."
Oku kubonisa ukuba abaninzi abantu abane-"osteoarthritis yesandla" banokuthi babe ne "isandla esiphezulu se-osteoarthritis." Oku kuye kwaphazamisa ingxoxo malunga nokuba i-osteoarthritis isifo sayo okanye isigaba sesandla se-osteoarthritis.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuxilongwa kwesifo se-osteoarthritis kusengumsebenzi onobuqili, njengokuba okwangoku akukho miselo kwiimpawu zamatye. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha basebenzisana neenkcukacha zonyango kunye ne-x-ray ukuze ekugqibeleni ixilongwe.
Imbali Yonyango: Ukuze uhlolisise i-osteoarthritis, ugqirha uya kuqala enze imbali yonyango kunye nokuhlolwa komzimba. Ngokomlando wezobugqirha, ugqirha uya kubuza imibuzo malunga nembali yakho yangaphambili okanye yentsapho ye-arthritis, ingakumbi i-rheumatoid arthritis (imeko yonyango eyona nto ifana kakhulu ne-osteoarthritis).
Uya kuphinda abuze malunga nokuba ungenayo impawu zomzimba wonke njengomkhuhlane ophantsi, ukukhathala okanye ukulahleka kwesisindo. Oku akufanele kube khona kwi-osteoarthritis kodwa kungenzeka nge-rheumatoid arthritis okanye ezinye iintlobo zesifo samathambo (umzekelo, i-psoriatic arthritis).
Uvavanyo loMzimba: Xa uhlola izandla zakho, ugqirha wakho angacinezela ngenyameko ngomnwe ngomnye ukuze afumane ukuvuvukala, ukunyameka, ukufudumala nokubomvu. Uya kuphinda ahlole uluhlu lweminwe yakho yokunyuka kunye namandla.
Khumbula, kwi-osteoarthritis, kukho inkqubo yokuvuvukala eqhubekayo (njengoko kuboniswa yimibandela engundoqo kwi-ray-ray), ukuxhala, ukuqina, kunye nomsebenzi odibeneyo kunzima kunokuba ku-OA yesandla.
Ugqirha wakho uya kuhlola amanye amalunga emzimbeni wakho, ngaphandle kwezandla zakho, njengezandla zakho kunye neendwangu, ezichaphazelekayo kwi-rheumatoid arthritis kodwa kungekhona kwi-osteoarthritis.
Enye inkcazo oogqirha umntu anokuthi abe ne-osteoarthritis yinto echaphazelekayo yamunwe. Kwi-osteoarthritis, i-joints eduze kwama-fingertips (ebizwa ngokuba ngama-distal interphalangeal joints) ezandleni zihlala zibandakanyeka, zilandelwa ngamalungu angaphantsi kwama-knuckles (abizwa ngokuba ngamalungu amaninzi e-interphalangeal joints).
Iingxowa zesandla (ezibizwa ngokuba ngama-metacarpal-phalangeal joints) azivumi ukuchaphazeleka, kunye kunye nesinye sesinye isilumko sininzi sisinda kwi-osteoarthritis.
Uvavanyo lweGazi: Ugqirha wakho uya kuhlaziya iimvavanyo zegazi, ngakumbi ukulawula ezinye izifo kunokulawula kwi-osteoarthritis. Ezi zivavanyo zegazi ziquka:
- Ireyiti ye-sedimentation ye-Erythrocyte (ESR)
- Iprotheyini esebenzayo yeC (CP)
- I-Rheumatoid
- Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody
Ezi mvavanyo zingaphaya (okanye ziphakanyiswe) kwi-rheumatoid arthritis kodwa zimele zibe kwiindawo eziqhelekileyo kwi-osteoarthritis.
Imizingo yokujonga: Ubungqina bobu-X bobukhulu bezandla ezongezelelweyo ezongezelelweyo zongeza ubuninzi bexabiso xa kutyalwa i-osteoarthritis. Oku kuhambelaniswe nemimandla engezantsi (iindawo ezingenawo macala) ezibonakala kwi-rheumatoid okanye kwi-arthritis ye-psoriatic.
Unyango
Ingozi ebangela ukuba i-osteoarthritis ingabonakali, ngoko ke unyango lusebunzima. Okwangoku, unyango lwe-osteoarthritis lugxininisa kakhulu kunyango lwangokwenyama kunye nezidakamizwa ezichasayo . Njengoko uphando luguqukela, uphando olutsha luya kuvela, nangona ubungqina obusemva babo kusekuseni kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, i-adalimumab (i-tumor necrosis factor inhibitor) ingaba yonyango olusebenzayo lwe-osteoarthritis.
Ekugqibeleni, ngenxa yokukhathazeka kwesandla sokukhubazeka kwesandla kunye nokukhubazeka kwesandla kunye ne-osteoarthritis, ukunyanga kwangaphambili kukuhle. Nangona kunjalo, kulungile ukuba uqaphele ukuba, ngokungafani ne-arthritis ye-rheumatoid, ukuvuvukala kwe-osteoarthritis kunokugqithisa.
ILizwi
Umfanekiso omkhulu apha kukuba ngoxa ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuhlengahlengiswa kwe-osteoarthritis kusenokwenziwa ingxoxo phakathi kweengcali, ubunzima (xa kuthelekiswa ne-osteoarthritis yesandla), kunye neziphumo ezithile ze-x-ray
Ukuba wena okanye othandekayo unomdla osteoarthritis, qiniseka ukuba ufuna ukunyamekelwa ngugqirha ogxininise kumalungu (ebizwa ngokuba yi-rheumatologist). Ngeplani yokwenza unyango enokubandakanya imishanguzo kunye nokonyango lwangokwenyama, unokwenza ngcono impilo yakho ehlangeneyo.
> Imithombo:
> Anandarajah A. (2010). Ukufumana unyango: I-Osteoarthritis ephezulu.
> Doherty M, Abhishek A. Ukubonakaliswa kweekliniki kunye nokuxilongwa kwe-osteoarthritis. Hunter D, ed. Isemgangathweno. Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc.
> Gazeley DJ, Yeturi S, Patel PJ, Rosenthal AK. I-osteoarthritis ephezulu: Uhlalutyo oluchanekileyo lweenkcazelo ezisetyenziswe kwincwadi. I-Semin Arthritis Rheum . 2017 Feb; 46 (4): 395-403.
> Kwok WY, Kloppenburg M, Rosendaal FR, van Meurs JB, Hofman A, Bierma-Zeinstra SM. Isandla esiphezulu se-osteoarthritis: ukuxhaphaka kwayo kunye nefuthe leklinikhi kubemi jikelele kunye nesifo sesifo se-osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis . 2011 Julayi; 70 (7): 1238-42.
> I-Verbruggen G, iWittoek R, iVander Cruyssen B, i-Elewaut D. I-tumor necrosis inqobo yokukhusela i-osteoarthritis yamanyathelo omnxeba phakathi kwe-fingerprint: i-double blind-blind, trial randomized trial on modification structure. Ann Rheum Dis . 2012 Juni 1; 71 (6): 891-98.