Isibhengezo esisebenzayo sisigama esichaza imifanekiso yabantu abahlaselayo abahamba ngeesikolo okanye kwiiofisi, babetha abantu abangaboniyo. Kwakhona kunokuthetha ukuba nayiphi na abahlaseli okanye amaqela amaphekula asebenza kunye ukuhlaziya abantu ekuhlaleni. Enoba sithetha ngomdlali omnye ombi okanye iqela, eli gama linye.
Ukulungelelanisa ukuqhubezela ngokuqhelekileyo kugxininise into enokuyenza kwimeko apho ufumana khona kuloo meko. Isebe loKhuselo lwaseKhaya lisicebisa ukuba senze enye yezinto ezintathu ukuba sibhekene nebhalothi:
- Qalisa . Enye indlela engcono yokuhlala ikhuselekile ngexesha lesiganeko sokuqhubela umdlalo ukuba ungagcini kwisiganeko sokuqhubizela. Phuma kwaye uhambe ngokukhawuleza njengoko unako.
- Fihla . Ukuba awukwazi ukuqhuba, zifihla. Cwaka uze uhlale ungaboni, mhlawumbi emva komnyango ovalelwe. Silula ifowuni yakho.
- Ukulwa . Okokugqibela, ukuba awukho nawuphi na ukhetho, yilwa. Ukuphucula izixhobo kwaye uzibophele kwizenzo zakho kuba ubomi bakho buxhomekeke kuyo.
Shayela u-911 kwaye ulindele ukuba ube ngumsolwa xa kufika amapolisa. Abazi ukuba ngubani, ngoko ke xa befika khona, baya kuqaphela wonke umntu. Landela imiyalelo kwaye ube nomonde.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-how-to do not include what to do for injuries. Iziganeko ezivela kwiziganeko zokudubula-kunye nokulimala kwezixhobo ezixhamlayo-landela iipateni eziqhelekileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo ziyi-projectiles kunye namanxeba.
Iirejethi
Iingqungquthela ziye zaxhatshazwa kakhulu ngabantu basekuhlaleni. Ngexesha elide kakhulu, thina (mna ndabandakanya) kukholwa ukuba iithenti zinkxwaleko kunokuba zifanelekile. Kwakucatshangelwa ukuba iithenkethi zinokusindisa ubomi, kodwa ziza kubangela ukulahleka kwesigxina xa kusetyenziswa.
Nantsi imbono: ii-tourniquets zisebenza ngokujikeleza kwegazi kwi-ingalo okanye umlenze ochaphazelekayo. Ukuqhaqha kuyeka, kodwa kunjalo nokuhamba kwezondlo kunye ne-oksijini kuwo wonke umlenze. Ukuba isiguli asizange siphathwe ngokukhawuleza, kwakukholelwa ukuba, ukulahleka kwegazi kwiindawo ezingenakuncitshiswa kwelokugqibela kuza kubangela ukufa kweethambo.
Into enjalo, kwakungekho nto eninzi yokucinga ngaloo ndlela. Njengoko kuvela (akukho nxeba ejoliswe kuyo) iifethenti zetshenziselwa iikhilomitha ngaphandle kokugula. Ingcamango yomonakalo ibangele ukuhla kwehla ekusebenziseni iithenethi ngaphandle komkhosi.
Uphando olungcono ngexesha leengxabano zase-Iraq nase-Afghanistan lwanceda ukuhlaziywa ngamatyekethi kwaye ngoku ziyimfuneko kunoma yintoni ikiti yokunceda yokuqala.
Sebenzisa i-tourniquets xa ukuphuma kwegazi kunzima okanye kukho umonakalo omkhulu kwisandla okanye umlenze ukuba ukugqoka ingcinezelo ayikwazi ukumboza. Umonakalo omkhulu uza kubandakanya ukutsalwa. Ubuqhetseba bokulungisa isicelo se-tourniquet kukukwenza kube nzima kakhulu. I-tourniquet esebenziswanga kakuhle ayinakulinganisela isigulane, abanye bathi bangathi buhlungu.
Iingubo zokugqoka
Indlela efanelekileyo yokufunda indlela yokufaka ingcinezelo yokugonywa kukukwenza. Thenga ezimbini kwaye uvule enye ukuze usebenze nayo. Enye yezona zinto zincedo kakhulu yi-bandage yakwa-Israel, ene-lever eqhubela isilonda ukuze ibambe ingcinezelo. Ibhanti yase-Israel ingasetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza ngokusebenza, kodwa kulula ukudibanisa ukuba awuzange uyenze amaxesha ambalwa.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba uya kuba se-throren of adrenalin xa lixesha lokusebenzisa izinto kwiikiti zakho zokuqala zokunceda. Ukuziqhelanisa yindlela ephela yokuqinisekisa ukuba impumelelo xa izandla zakho ziyazamazela kwaye unenkathazo yokugxila.
Ngokungafani neendwendwe, ukugqitywa kwexinzelelo akuzange kube nolunye uhlobo olubi. Oko kwathiwa, ukugonywa kunzima kakhulu ukusebenzisa. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokugonywa kwangaphandle nangaphakathi kwangaphakathi kunye ne-hemostatic agents ezixhasa igazi.
Akusiyo ingcinga embi ukuba neenketho ezimbalwa zee-bandages zengcinezelo kwikiti yakho yokuqala yokunceda. Iibhanti eziza kunye nama-hemostatic agents zikulungele ukupakisha amanxeba. Iibhanti ezizimelayo ngaphandle kokunamathela kwesikhumba zininzi kwizigulane ezigugile.
Zisigxina
Iibhola kunye neenkunkuma eziphaphazelayo eziqhubheni ziqhuma zifaka imingxuma malunga nantoni na. Naluphi na umgodi emzimbeni ongenakufuneka ube khona uya kuphuma. Ulusu kunye nezicubu zomzimba zizitya zegazi kunye namanzi omzimba. Hlaba umgodi kwisitya kwaye umbane uya kuvuza.
Iibhokhwe esifubeni, kubandakanywa nomqolo ophezulu, kungekhona nje ukuvuza kwegazi kodwa nokuvumela umoya ukuba ungene ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ingxaki efana neyoboya emathunjini kubhekwa njengamalonda esifuba . Akuyimfuneko ukuva okanye ukubona ukunyakaza kwomoya. Ngokuqhelekileyo zibuqili.
Ukuba ishiywe ingakhange ilandelwe, ukusondeza amanxeba esifubeni kunokukhokelela kumaphaphu aphelile, imeko eyaziwa njenge- pneumothorax . Umoya ubanjwe phakathi kwodonga lwesifuba kunye nomphunga, ukuxhoma empompe kwaye kubangele ukuba "kubonakale" ku-x ray.
Indlela yokulwa nesilonda sesifuba esusayo kukutywina . Ukuyeka ukunyakaza kwomoya kuza kugcina i-pneumothorax ekuphuhliseni. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ukutywina isilonda sesifuba kunokukhokelela emoyeni kubanjwe esifubeni ukusuka ekuphumeni kwimiphunga. Kunengqiqo ukuba inqabana ehamba ngokukhawuleza ukubeka imingxuma kwiimfumba ezinqambileyo esifubeni yayiza kufaka imingxuma kwimimandla yomphunga.
Ekubeni umoya ungaphuma emphumpuseni kunye nokungena ngaphakathi emgodini kwisibilini, ezinye izigxobo zesifuba ziza ngevolumu. Uvalo luvumela umoya ukuba ubaleke kodwa ugcine umoya ungangeni kwisilonda. I-vent isongeza kakhulu, kodwa ayimfuneko-ngakumbi ukuba isiguli siya kufumana uncedo ngexesha elifutshane. Uninzi lolwenyathelo loluntu luya kunyangwa ngokukhawuleza kunokuba lusempi.
Ngokuqeqeshwa okufutshane kunye nokuqonda indlela umsebenzi wesigxobo esenziwe ngayo isifuba, esi sixhobo esisodwa sinokuphuculwa lula ngokusebenzisa iipakethe zokugqoka ezingaseluncedo kwikheysi yakho yokuqala. Ingaba uyayilungisa okanye usebenzise isitywina soshishino, funda indlela yokwenza ngaphambi kokuba ufune.
> Imithombo:
> Ukulungelelaniswa kwe-Shooter Active | Ukhuseleko lwasekhaya. Ukulungelelanisa okuKhuselekileyo Ukhuseleko lwasekhaya . (2016). Dhs.gov .
> Butler FK, Dubose JJ, et al. Ulawulo lwe-Pneumothorax evulekileyo kwiNkcazo yokuLawulwa kweNtshukumo yokuLawulwa kweTictical: I-TCCC Izikhokelo zenguqu 13-02. J Spec Oper Med . 2013 Ukuwa; 13 (3): 81-6.
> Edwards S, Smith J. Intuthuko ekuvuseleleni umkhosi. Umhlengikazi we-Emerg . 2016 Oktobha 6; 24 (6): 25-29.
Ukuncediswa kokuQala kweeNkcitho zokuThuthukisa
Emva kokuba ukudubula kuyekile, kukho ixesha elide lokulinda ngaphambi kokuba ufikelele. Kulo xesha ufanele unqume ukuba uya kuba ngummeli okanye umphenduli osheshayo . Ngaba uya kumela okanye wenze into ethile? Olu khetho luba lula xa ucebise ngaphambi kokuba wenze ntoni.
Okokuqala, fundani uncedo lokuqala . Akukho nto efana nokuqeqeshwa okufanelekileyo ukukulungiselela ngokungalindelekanga.
Okwesibini, fumana ikiti yokunceda yokuqala . Ikiti elungileyo isoloko ikhona sele isakhiwe, kodwa ungayakha kwakhona ukususela ekuqaleni. Ngayiphi na indlela, kukho izinto ozifunayo kwikiti yakho ukulungiselela imeko yesikhuphethi esisebenzayo esingeke ifuneke kuyo nayiphi na enye uhlobo lwenkxaso yokuqala yokuncedisa.
Ngezantsi uluhlu lwempahla ethile kwiimeko eziqhubekileyo zebhalothi kunye neengxoxo ngalunye uhlobo. Ezi zinto zibalulekile nakwiyiphi ikiti yokunceda yokuqala e-ofisini, kwisikolo, okanye kwiikiti zomntu. Inzuzo yokuba zonke ezi zinto zifana nokokuba zingasetyenziswa kwaye zivumele ukuba umsindisi abe yi-hands-free. Ngaloo ndlela, umhlanguli unokunceda ukuhambisa isigulane okanye ukulwa nomqhubi xa kuyimfuneko.