Ngaba ukunyanzeliswa kwemitha kunokunika umhlaza? Impendulo emfutshane nguyewe. Ngokutsho kweSebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu, umhlaza wekolon ubangelwe yimilinganiselo yezigidi ezili-millisieverts (mSv). Ukubonakaliswa ukuya ngaphantsi kwama-200 mSv kunokudala i-leukemia nomhlaza we-thyroid, isifuba kunye nemiphunga. Kwaye umhlaza wesibindi ungabangelwa kukungena ngaphantsi kwe-100 mSv yemitha.
Ezisiseko
Ngoko ke, uthini "umillisievert" kwaye uqhubeka njani ukukhwaza i-100, 200 okanye i-1,000? I-millisievert yunithi yesayense yokulinganisa umthamo we-radiation. Ekubeni iinxalenye ezahlukeneyo zomzimba zinamazinga ahlukeneyo okuvaleka kumbane, ukubonakaliswa kubonakala ngoku "njengento ephumelelayo." Ngokomzekelo, masithi uMzimba X kunye ne-Organ Y nganye zichazwe kwi-10 mSv yemitha. Nangona kunjalo, i-Organ Y ibuyele kabini. I-dose yangempela yayiza kuba yi-10 mSv yelungu ngalinye, kodwa i- dose esebenzayo iya kuba yi-10 mSv ye-Organ X kunye ne-20 mSv ye-Organ Y.
Iindaba Ezimbi
Iindaba ezimbi kukuba malunga ne-80% ye-radiation yethu exposure evela kwimithombo yendalo, engenakukhutshwa. Umyinge waseMelika ufumana i-dose esebenzayo malunga ne-3 mSv yemirhumo ngonyaka ngamnye ukusuka e-radon, ematyeni, kwindawo yangaphandle, umhlaba, i-electronics, kunye nokuhamba kwendiza. (Ngaphambi kokuba ufunge ngeenqwelo zomoya, gcina ukhumbule ukuba ufumana u-1 mSv wokungcebeleka kwiiyure ezingama-200 zexesha lokuhamba.)
Iindaba Ezilungileyo
Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba kuthatha utyalo oluninzi lwe-radiation ukuya kumazinga obangela umdlavuza . Emva kokuba wazi iinombolo, unokuphepha ukungazibonakalisi ngokungabalulekanga kwimithombo engaphezulu yemitha. Umzekelo, ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokuchayeka kweemitha, unokufuna ukukhetha ukuba ne-colonoscopy (akukho ukuchayeka kwemitha) endaweni ye-enema ye-barium (malunga ne-7 mSv ye-radiation exposure).
Amanqanaba asebenzayo kwimithombo eqhelekileyo yemisebe iquka oku kulandelayo:
- Ukuhamba kweenqwelo zendiza (0.005 mSv / iyure)
- I-Barium enema (7 mSv)
- I-X-ray yebhokisi (0.10 mSv)
- I-CT scan yesisu (10 mSv)
- I-CT scan yesifuba (8 mSv)
- I-CT scan yekhanda (2 mSv)
- I-X-ray yamazinyo (0.09 mSv)
- IMammogram (0.7 mSv)
- I-X-ray ye-skull (0.07 mSv)
- I-CT yomzimba wonke (10 mSv)
Imithombo:
Nordenberg, eTamar. Imifanekiso Yempilo: Yiyiphi Inside Ejongene ne-X-ray, Ezinye iindlela zokuTyekisa. US Food and Drug Administration. NgoFebruwari 1999. 27 Agasti 2006 [http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/1999/199_xray.html].
Ukuboniswa kwamayeza kwi-X-ray Examinations. Ulwazi lwe Radiology. 27 Agasti 2006 [http://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/safety/index.cfm?pg=sfty_xray].
Ukulimala komsindo. I-Merck Manual yezoNyango. 1 Feyi 2003. 27 Agasti 2006 [http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec24/ch292/ch292a.html].
Ingxelo kwiCarogogens, i-11 Edition. IiNkonzo zeMpilo kaRhulumente. 27 Agasti 2006 [http://ntp-server.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/toc11.html].
Ziziphi iingozi zemizila evela kwi-CT? Iziko leeMpahla kunye neMpilo yeRadio. 4 kuMeyi 2005. 27 Agasti 2006 [http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/ct/risks.html].