Iingxaki zokuxhatshazwayo zichaphazela njani uxinzelelo lwegazi
Njengoko ukuqonda kwethu nge-biology emva kokudandatheka kunye neemeko ezihambelanayo ziye zaphuhliswa, iimeko ezininzi eziye zacingelwa ukuba zizingcaphephe zengqondo ngoku ziyaziwa ukuba zinxibelelwano ezithile kwiinguqu zengqondo kwiingqondo. Ngenxa yoko, unyango lwexinzelelo luya ngokunyaniseka kwizonyango ezenzelwe ukulungelelanisa umgangatho weempawu ezithile kwiinkqubo zeentlanzi.
Uninzi lweziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukuphatha umsebenzi wokudandatheka ngokunyusa inani le-serotonin okanye i-dopamine ekhona emzimbeni. Ezi khemikhali zilawula indlela iiseli ezingaphakathi kwengqondo zithetha ngayo, kwaye zikunceda ukuququzelela intsebenziswano phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo zeengqondo. Amanqanaba aphantsi e-serotonin kunye ne-dopamine adibaniswe nokuguqulwa kwimiqondo, kwaye izidakamizwa ezixinzelelekayo zenzelwe ukwandisa inani elikhoyo le michiza.
Iyiphi indima Ngaba i-Neurochemicals idlala kwiQumrhu elingaphezu kweBongo?
I-Serotonin kunye ne-dopamine badlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiindawo ezininzi zomzimba ngaphandle kwengqondo, kwaye izidakamizwa ezixhatshazwayo ziyasetyenziswa ngokunyanga ukujongana neemeko ezahlukeneyo ezifana nobuhlungu obungapheliyo. Zomibini zala maqhina aziwachaphazela intliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi.
Kwimilinganiselo egxininisiweyo, i-dopamine isetyenziswe njengesichengululo sonyango ukuxhasa (ukwandisa) uxinzelelo lwegazi ngexesha lotyando kwaye xa imeko ethile-njengokwanda kwe-ntsholongwane yomzimba-ikhokelela kwingcinezelo ephantsi yegazi ngaphaya kwamandla omzimba wokulungisa.
Ngomlinganiselo omncinci, i-serotonin ineempembelelo ezifanayo zokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye inokunyusa indlela intliziyo kunye neempahla ezinentloni zichaphazela ngayo i-dopamine.
Yintoni Ukukhathazeka Ngalabo Abathwala Ukuxhatshazwa Kakhulu?
Nangona i-anti-depressants ingabi ukwandisa i-serotonin kunye ne-dopamine kumazinga aphezulu, ukusetyenziswa kwabo kuye kwaziwa ngokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi.
Izidakamizwa ezichanekileyo ezidibaniswe nokunyuswa kwengcinezelo yegazi ziquka:
- I-Venlafaxine (Effexor XR)
- I-Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
- I-Tricyclic antidepressants
- I-Fluoxetine (okt, i-Prozac, i-Sarafem)
Amanqanaba okwandisa i-serotonin kunye ne-dopamine ibambe indima ebalulekileyo kwindlela la machiza aphakamisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, kodwa mhlawumbi kuninzi kwibali, kwaye iindlela ezichanekileyo zisengumcimbi weengxoxo. Ukucinga kwangoku kukuba ezi ziyobisi zandisa umgangatho wonke kwinkqubo yeentlanzi, ezinokuthi zikhulise iimpawu ezithile (njengalezo zilawula uxinzelelo lwegazi) ukuba inkqubo ye-nervous ithumele kuwo wonke umzimba.
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukuxinezeleka kuye kwaxhunyaniswa noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (kunye noxinzelelo oluxhomekeke kwingcinezelo ephezulu yegazi). Ngenxa yoko, ngokulungisa isifo sokudakumba, kulandela ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lunokuthi "lugqithise" ngokubangela ukuba abanye abantu banokuthi banamathele kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo okanye elincinane.
UkuPhathwa kweCandelo lokuPhathwa kweGesi kunye noLawulo lweMithi
Ukuba unomfutho wegazi ophezulu, usenokusebenzisa imithi yokuxhatshazwayo. Ugqirha wakho angakhetha ukuphepha iintlobo ezithile ze-anti-depressants, kwaye mhlawumbi ufuna ukubeka ingcinezelo lwakho lwegazi ngokucophelela ngexesha lokuqala lonyango.
Abantu abaninzi abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu banako ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa eziqhelekileyo ezingenazo iingxaki, kodwa abanye bangadinga ukulungiswa kwiprogram yokunyanga kwengcinezelo yegazi.
Kwizigulana ezifuna i-anti-depressant, ukufumana unyango olufanelekileyo-okanye ukudibanisa imithi-inokuba yinkqubo-yesiluleko. Injongo yiphina isicwangciso sonyango iinjongo zokunceda ngaphezu kweengozi okanye iziphumo zecala. Ukuba elinye lonyango alisebenzelanga kakuhle kuwe, kukho ezininzi ezininzi ezifumanekayo ongayenza. Ukugcina intetho evulekileyo kunye noqhagamshelwano olufanelekileyo kunye noogqirha wakho ochazayo.
Imithombo
Brent D, et al. Ukutshintshela kwelinye i-SSRI okanye kwi-venlafaxine kunye okanye ngaphandle kweyonyango yokuziphatha kwengqondo kubantwana abaselula abanokuxinezeleka kwe-SSRI: i-TORDIA isilingo esilawulwa ngokungaqhelekanga. JAMA. 2008 Feb 27; 299 (8): 901-13.
Linder AE, Diaz J, Ni W, Szasz T, Burnett R, Watts SW. I-vascular reactivity, i-5-HT, kunye nexinzelelo lwegazi kwisilkotto se-serotonin. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2008 kuMatshi; 294 (4): H1745-52. Epub 2008 Feb 8.