Usuku loTywala lukaZwelonke luwela ngoMatshi 30 ngonyaka. Kwaqulunqwa ukuqonda oogqirha , umsebenzi wabo, kunye negalelo labo kuluntu nakumphakathi. Kuyathakazelisa ukujonga kwimbali yesi siganeko sonyaka ngoba sikhumbuza ukuphumelela kweyeza.
Imbali
Iholide yafakwa ngokusemthethweni kumthetho wase-US ekuqaleni kwee-1990 nguMongameli George Bush.
Kodwa imbali yoLuku lweMatriki libuyela emva kweye-1930, nangona kunjalo.
Yakhulelwa nguEudora Brown Almond, umfazi waseGeorgia. Wakhetha umhla ka-Matshi 30 kuba ngumkhumbuzo womhla wokuba i-anesthesia yokugqithisa yayisetyenziswa kuqala kwisigulane. Le yinto entsha ngoDkt. Crawford W. Long ngo-1842 eGeorgia.
Invention of Anesthesia
Unogqirha waseMerika uCrawford Long wabona ukuba abahlobo bakhe abazange bazive buhlungu xa bezilimaza ngelixa bexhamla phantsi kwefuthe lokusetyenziswa kokuzonwabisa kunye ne-ether. Ngokukhawuleza wacinga ngamandla akhe ekutyatheni.
Ngokucokisekileyo, inxaxheba kwenye yezo "ether frolics," umfundi ogama linguJames Venable, wayenomzimba omncinci omncinci omncinci. Eyesaba intlungu yokuhlinzwa , iVenable yaqhubeka ibeka ukusebenza. Kuphakanyiswe ixesha elide ukuba usebenze xa ephantsi kweempembelelo ze-ether. I-Venable yavuma, kwaye ngo-Matshi 30, ngo-1842, wayenentlungu engasebenzi.
Nangona kunjalo, uLong akazange amemezele ukufumanisa kwakhe ukufika ngowe-1849.
I mibhiyozo
Ngoo-1933 looMhla woMathala owenziwe ngoogqirha owenziwa oogqirha abambalwa ababeka ndawonye isidlo sogqirha kwizonyango zase-Winder, eGeorgia, enyakatho-mpuma yeAtlanta. Lo mbhiyozo wokuqala wawuquka amakhadi okubulisa kunye nokubeka iintyatyambo emangcwabeni oogqirha abafayo.
Ngo-Matshi 30, 1958, "iSigqibo sokuKhumbula iMini yeeDktana" samukelwa yiNdlu yabameli be-United States. Ngomnyaka we-1990, umthetho wenziwa kwiNdlu kunye neSenethi ukuseka iSuku loDokotela. Ukulandela ukuvunywa okukhulu kwezindlu zombini zeCongress, ngo-Oktobha 30, 1990, uMongameli George Bush wasayina iSJ RES. # 366 (eyaba nguMthetho woLuntu 101-473) ukhetha uMatshi 30 ngo-"Usuku loGqirha kaZwelonke."
Namhlanje, uSuku lweeDokotela lweSizwe lukhunjulwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye izibhedlele nabaqeshi zinikeza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoogqirha ngalolu suku, kubandakanywa izidlo, izipho, okanye ukuzithobela izifo zonyango. Njengokuba kukho nayiphi na holide, inani leenkampani liye lafaka isandla kwizorhwebo. Oku kubandakanya amakhadi okubulisa avela kwiHolomark kunye nezinye iinkampani ezithengisa iimveliso ngokukodwa kwiSuku loTywala.
Ngokomlando, i-card okanye ibomvu ebomvu ingathunyelwa kumayeza kunye nabatshatileyo babo, kunye neentyatyambo ezibekwe kwiingcwaba zamayeza asele.
IiNtsuku zeeDolophini zamazwe ngamazwe
Ezinye iintlanga nazo zinomhla wokuhlonipha oogqirha. Umhla udla ngokubaluleka ebomini udokotela obalaseleyo kulolo lizwe.
- E-Cuba, eli holide (ngoDisemba 3) likhumbula umhla wokuzalwa kukaCarlos Juan Finlay, ugqirha waseCuban, kunye nososayensi abaqaphela njengenguvulindlela kwi-yellow fever uphando.
- EIndiya ngoJulayi 1, uSuku loDokotela luhlonipha ugqirha odumile uDkt. Bidhan Chandra Roy.
- I-Vietnam yasungula uSuku loDokotela ngoFebruwari 28, 1955. Usuku luvame ukugubha khona ngoFebruwari 27.
ILizwi
Usuku lweMatriki kaZwelonke lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuxelela oogqirha owaziyo ukuba uyayixabisa umsebenzi wabo onzima nokuzinikezela. Ingaba likhadi, ukutshatyalaliswa obomvu, okanye ukulula "kukubulela," kuyisenzo somusa kubo baqeqeshiweyo abanenkathalo yokunyamekela impilo yethu.
> Imithombo:
> US Congress. I-SJRes.366 - IsiGqibo esisisombululo sokudibanisa ngo-Matshi 30, 1991, njenge "Usuku lweMatriki kaZwelonke." Congress.gov.
> Crawford W. Long Museum. Imbali Yethu. Crawford Long.org.