Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngokwetshukheni okongeziweyo kuye kwachongwa njengenye yezona zinto ezibangela ukutshabalalisa. Enye indlela ephakanyisiwe ukunciphisa oku kusetshenziswa kusetyenziswa "intela yerhafu."
Ngoko yintoni "irhafu yerhafu," kwaye ngaba ngokwenene iyasebenza ekunciphiseni ixabiso lokukhuluphala?
Iingcebiso kwi-Intake Sugar Intake
I-American Heart Association (AHA) incoma ukuba ukungenisa iswekile engadluli ngaphezu kweesishukela eziyi-6 (malunga nama-24g) imihla ngemihla kubasetyhini kunye neetapuni eziyi-9 (malunga nama-36g) imihla ngemihla yamadoda.
Okwangoku, ngokubhekiselele kwiSebe lezoLimo laseUnited States (i-USDA), umyinge ophakathi kwe-12-ounce i-cola iqukethe iipuni eziyi-8 zeeshukela. Ngoko, ngokusela isiselo esisodwa esincinci esincinci, umfazi wayedlulile ngokugqithiseleyo ukucetyiswa ushukela wansuku zonke, kwaye indoda yayiza kufinyelela kuye. Ngeenombolo ezinje, kulula ukubona indlela umMerika oqhelekileyo angadla ngayo iipaspuni ezingama-22 zeshukela ezongezelelweyo ngosuku, ngaphaya kwexesha eliphakanyisiweyo le-AHA. Kwaye, ukugqithisa okuvela kulokho, kulula ngakumbi ukubona ukuba le nqanaba ye-calori ephezulu yokudla igalelo ingaba negalelo ekunyuseni kwindlala yokukhuluphala ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Ukunyuswa kweRhafu yeSirhu
Izixeko ezimbalwa zaseMelika zicebile-kwaye ezinye ziye zagqitywa ngempumelelo-irhafu kwi-sugar added usetyenziso, ngokuqhelekileyo ngendlela yerhafu malunga nokusela okutywala.
Ngokomzekelo, isixeko saseNew York sicetyiswa kakhulu irhafu malunga nokusela okutywala ngaphantsi koMeya uMichael Bloomberg, kwaye ngo-2016, iBhunga leSixeko saseFiladelphia ludlulisela irhafu kwiingxube ezicocekileyo.
Ukongezelela, amanye amazwe athe ahlawula irhafu kwiingxube ezinxilisayo. EMexico, irhafu yetshukela-iziselo ezinxilisayo zenze ukuba kuhlawule ukuthengiswa kwezi nxila. Umphumo ofanayo wabonakala xa iFransi ifake irhafu kwiingxube ezicocekileyo (kubandakanye nalabo abanamakha amnandi ) ngo-2012.
I-Norway inerhafu yerhafu jikelele kuyo yonke imveliso equkethe ushukela ococekileyo odibeneyo, kuquka iziphuzo zesiphuzo.
Kwaye uMzantsi Afrika unezicwangciso zerhafu yerhafu kwisabelomali sawo ngo-2017, okwenza ilizwe lokuqala laseAfrika lenze njalo.
Impembelelo yeRhafu yeBerkeley
Kwinqaku ekhutshwe kwi- American Journal of Health Public ngo-Oktobha 2016, i-Falbe kunye noogxa bahlalutya ukuba yeyiphi impembelelo, ukuba ikhona, irhafu ye-Berkeley yayisetyenziswe ngokusetyenziswa kotywala.
Njengoko ababhali bayiqaphela, ngo-Matshi 2015 uBerkeley, Calif., Waba ngumlawuli wokuqala wase-US ukuphumeza irhafu enjalo, kwi-0.01 yeeyunithi ziselo. Ngaloo ndlela, babekwazi ukujonga utshintsho kwi-pre-post-tax tax consumption, kwaye bakhetha ukujonga ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezincinci zengeniso eBerkeley malunga nezixeko zaseSan Francisco nase-Oakland.
Abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kotywala okunxilisayo kwancipha ngamaphesenti angama-21 eBerkeley, ngelixa linyuka ngama-4 ekhulwini eSan Francisco nase-Oakland. Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwanda ngamaphesenti angama-63 eBerkeley, xa kuthelekiswa nokunyuka kweepesenti ezingama-19 kwezinye iidolophu.
Olu phofu lwakutshanje lubonisa ukuba, kwiindawo ezincinci ezingenayo imali, ukusetyenziswa kwezidaka ezinxilisayo kunokuncitshiswa ngokuphunyezwa kwentela yerhafu. Ukuba ingaba le nto iya kuba negalelo elizinzileyo, elide elide kwizinga leesifo seswekile kunye nokunyamezeka kuya kuhlala kubonakala.
Exhaswe yiNhlangano yezeMpilo yeSizwe
Ngo-Oktobha 2016, i-World Health Organisation (i-WHO) yaphuma ekuxhaseni irhafu yerhasi kwiziphuzo ezinxilisayo.
I-WHO yayikhululwe isikhokelo ngo-2015 ekhuthaze ukuba "abadala kunye nabantwana banciphisa ukutya kwabo besuku kwi-sugars ezamahala kwi-10 yeepesenti zabo zokudla kwamandla onke." Oku kwaqhubeka kuthi "ukunciphisa oku ngaphantsi kwe-5 ekhulwini okanye malunga nama-gramu ama-25 (6 iispuni) ngosuku ziza kunika iinkonzo ezongezelelweyo zempilo. "
Ngaphezulu, kwingxelo ye-WHO enegunya elinesihloko esithi "Iingxowa-mali zoTywala kunye nokuKhuselwa kwezifo ezingenakuTshintshiselwa (i-NCDs)," i-WHO yathi "ukusela iziselo ezidliwayo kunokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa nokunciphisa ukukhuluphala, uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela, kunye nokubola kwezinyo."
I-WHO kwakhona yathi kule ngxelo ithi "imigaqo-nkqubo yezemali ekhokelela ekunyusweni kwama-20 ekhulwini kwixabiso lokuthengiswa kweziphuzo zesoyiki iza kubangela ukunciphisa ngokwemilinganiselo yokusetyenziswa kwemveliso enjalo."
I-WHO iphinde ibone ukudibanisa phakathi kokusetyenziswa kweeshukela ezongezelelweyo kunye nokukhuluphala kwehlabathi kunye nesifo sesifo sikashukela, apho amaninzi amaninzi ngamacala amabini enye.
Apho ii-Sugars ezongeziweyo zifihla khona
Ukubonisa apho iishukela ezongezelelweyo zihlala zikhohlisayo, kuba kufuneka ukwazi ukuba ukhangele ntoni kwiileyibhile. Kodwa ukwazi le ngcaciso kubaluleke kakhulu ekuncedeni ukuba ususe iishukela ezongezelelweyo ekudleni kwakho.
Okokuqala, kufuneka uhlale ukhumbule ukuba igama elithi "yongeza iswekile" libhekiselele kwaye liquka zonke iishukela ezongeziweyo ekudleni, kunokuba zenzeke ngokwemvelo.
Ngenxa yokuba abenzi bokutya baye bafumana iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nemithombo ekufuneka bayonge ushukela ekudleni okusukela kwi-ketchup ukuya kutshizo kwiziphuzo ezicokisekileyo, kunokukunzima ukufumanisa ishukela elongezelelweyo kwiintlobo zemixube kwiibhile zokutya.
Xa ukhangela i-sugar suisse kwiphina into oyithengayo-ukutya okanye ukusela-ngaphezu kwelizwi eliqukethe igama elithi "ushukela," khangela oku kulandelayo: nayiphi na isithako esiphelela "-to" (njenge-maltose, dextrose, sucrose, i-fructose, i-lactose), kunye nesiraphu ephezulu ye-fructose ye-corn, i-molasses, inyosi, i-sweetener yeganga, i-juice yomsila, i-syrup, kunye nejusi yezityalo.
Ininzi Imithombo Eqhelekileyo Yothuthi Yongeziweyo
Nangona utywala obuthathekayo kubonakala lukhokelela kwintlawulo nje kwishukela esongezelelweyo enokufumaneka kwi-single serving, kukho enye imithombo eqhelekileyo efunekayo.
Ngokutsho kwe-American Heart Association, imithombo eninzi yeeshukela ezongezelelweyo kwizidlo zethu ziziselo ezidakayo, i-candy, iigebengu, ii-cookies, ii-pie, iziselo zokusela iziqhamo, i-milk dessert kunye nemveliso yezobisi (njenge-ice cream kunye ne-yogurt ecocekileyo) kunye nezolimo. Iingxube ezininzi ezivuthayo kunye neziqhamo zeziqhamo ziquka ishukela eninzi, enyanisweni, ukuba ziye zabizwa ngokuthi "iswekile yetshizi" ezinye iingcali.
Umzekelo wokutya, umzekelo, uye waphawula kakhulu umlinganiselo weshukela odibeneyo onokufumaneka kwiimveliso apho. Akuqhelekanga ukufumana ukutya okusuka kwiibrama eziqhelekileyo ezinesishuse esongezelelweyo njengesithako esisodwa esikhulu, okwenza ama-50 ekhulwini okanye ngaphezulu kokubhalwe kwibhokisi lokutya.
Kwakhona, ungalibali iingozi zokusela izixhobo zamanzi, ezininzi ziqulethe iishukela ezingama-20 okanye ngaphezulu zeshukela, eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu, ngakumbi xa umntu eqwalasela isiluleko se-AHA sokuba abafazi abadala abadala abazidleli iishukela ezingaphezulu kwe-6 zeshukela ezongezelelweyo ngosuku , kwaye akukho ngaphasi kweetapuni eziyi-9 kumadoda amakhulu. Kwaye oku kwongeza kwiingozi ze-cardiovascular zibangelwa ziziphuzo zamandla, kuquka ukuphakamisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nentliziyo.
Ukwenza Amanzi I-Your Primary Beverage
Ukunikezelwa konke oku ngasentla, kukho into eninzi ekuthethwa ngayo ngokwenza amanzi ayenze isiphuzo. Ikhofi ebomvu kunye netiyi ezingenayo i-unsweetened (phawula "inxalenye engabonakaliyo" kwindawo ekhoyo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo) ilungile kwaye inempilo yazo.
Akukhona nje ukuba amanzi anama-korikhi kuphela, kodwa anenzuzo eninzi yempilo, ukususela ekuncedeni ukulahlekelwa isisindo ekunciphiseni ukukhathala nokukhusela amatye eentso. Ngoko ngexesha elizayo xa ufikelela kwisiselo, sinika eso siphuzo sokuthobeka samanzi ithuba. Umzimba wakho uya kukubulela ngawo.
> Imithombo:
> Falbe J, Thompson HR, Becker CM, Rojas N, McCulloch CE, Madsen KA. Impembelelo yerhafu yaseBerkeley yerhafu yokutya isiselo esiphucukileyo. I-American Journal yeMpilo kaRhulumente. 2016; 106: 1865-1871.
> Johnson R et al. Ukutya kweeshukela kunye nempilo yengqondo: inzululwazi evela kwi-American Heart Association. Uhambo luka-2009.
> Umbutho WezeMpilo Wehlabathi. Imigaqo-nkqubo yezemali yokutya kunye nokukhusela izifo ezingenakuthenjwa (i-NCDs). Ingxelo. 2016.
> Umbutho WezeMpilo Wehlabathi. Iishukela zidla abantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Isikhokelo. 2015.