I-Keratoconus yimeko yezokwelapha eyenza i-cornea ikhuphe ngaphandle. I-cornea isakhiwo esicacileyo, esifana nesigodlo engxenyeni yangaphambili yeso. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, i-cornea iyaba namandla kakhulu. I-Keratoconus ligama lesiGrike elisho "i-cornea-shaped cornea". Ngalo mqathango, i-cornea iba yinto ene-cone-shaped, kwaye umbono ubonakala uphazamiseka kwaye uphazamiseke.
I-Keratoconus ithambe ukuqala ukubonisa kwiminyaka yeshumi elivisayo kunye namanqanaba emva kokuba neminyaka engama-40. Abantu abanokungazi nokuba banokuqala kwizigaba zokuqala. Nangona i-keratoconus isoloko ibonakala ibuhlungu kwelinye iliso, ngokuqhelekileyo imeko ifumaneka kumabini omabili. Xa i-keratoconus iqhubela phambili, umbono ubonakala uphazamise kwaye uphazamiseke. Umbono uyaba nzima kuba njengoko i-cornea bulges phambili, i-astigmatism engafanelekanga kunye nokujonga kwangaphambili. Njengoko imeko iyaqhubeka, ukonakala komzimba kungenzeka, kubangela ukulahleka kombono. Ezinye izigulane ezinekeratoconus zibona ukuba umbono uguquka rhoqo xa abanye bebona kuphela utshintsho kwixesha leminyaka.
Abantu abanekeratoconus bahlala bekhalaza ukuba umbono awuphuculwa kakhulu ngeeklasi zokulungisa. Kwezinye iimeko, i-cornea iyakwazi ukugqithisa kwaye ibe yincinci kangangokuthi ukutshabalalisa kukhula, kubonwe ngenye indlela. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, i-cornea ingakwazi ukuphazamisa, ibangela umbono obuncitshisiweyo okanye ubumfama.
Iingxaki ze Keratoconus
Isizathu esicacileyo se-keratoconus yinto engummangaliso. Nangona kunjalo, izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba i-genetics, imvelo kunye nama-hormone inokuchaphazela ukuba kutheni abanye abantu bahlakulele i-keratoconus.
I-Genetics: Kucingelwa ukuba abanye abantu banesiphako somzimba esenza ukuba iiprotheni ezithile ze-cornea zibe buthathaka.
Ezi fiber zisebenza ngokubamba i-cornea kunye nokugcina isakhiwo sayo esicacileyo, esifana nesidanga. Xa ezi zinto zibuthathaka, i-cornea iqala ukuqhuma phambili. Ezinye izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba i-genetics idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekeratoconus kuba, ngezinye izihlandlo, isihlobo siya kuphuhlisa i-keratoconus.
Ingqongileyo: Abantu abanekeratoconus banomdla wokunyamezela, ngokuthe ngqo kwizifo eziphazamisayo ezifana ne- hay fever , i-asthma, i-eczema, kunye nokutya kokutya. Okuthakazelisayo kukuba, ezininzi izigulane ezakha i-keratoconus zinomlando wokugubungela amehlo. Abanye balaba bantu banesifo esithile kwaye abanye abayithandi, kodwa bajwayele ukugubha amehlo abo. Kucatshangelwa ukuba eli likhono lokugubha iliso lingalimaza i-cornea, okwenza i-keratoconus iphuhlise. Enye into eyaziwayo kakhulu malunga neyona nto ibangela ukuba i-keratoconus ixinzeleleke. Ngesizathu esithile, abantu abaphuhlisa i-keratoconus bancipha kwi-antioxidants ngaphakathi kwe-cornea. Xa i-cornea ayinayo i-antioxidants eyaneleyo, i-collagen ngaphakathi kwe-cornea iyaba buthathaka kwaye i-cornea iqala ukuqhubela phambili. Uxinzelelo lwe-oxidative lungabangelwa yimimandla enjenge-rubbing eye okanye kwezinye iimeko, ukugqithiswa kwe-ultraviolet ngokweqile.
Iingxaki zeHormon: Ngenxa yobudala bokuqala kwe-keratoconus, kucingelwa ukuba i-hormone inokudlala indima enkulu ekuphuhlisweni kwayo.
Kuqhelekile ukuba i-keratoconus iphuhlise emva kokutshatyalaliswa. Kuye kwabhalwa kwakhona ukuba kuqhube phambili okanye kuqhube phambili kubafazi abakhulelweyo.
Ukuxilongwa kweKeratoconus
Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantu abanekeratoconus yokuqala baqala ukukhula njenge-astigmatism. I-Astigmatism ibangelwa yi- cornea ene-oblong shape, njengebhola lebhola, endaweni yesimo esiphezulu, njengebhokisi lebhokisi.
I-cornea ene-astigmatism inee-curves ezimbini, enye ikhefu ephihliweyo, kunye nomnye ophezulu. Oku kubangela ukuba imifanekiso ibonakale iphosakele ngaphezu kokubonakala ngokugqithisileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zi gulane zivame ukubuyela kwiofisi yazo ye-optometrist ngokukhawuleza, zikhalaza ukuba umbono wazo ubonakala ushintshile.
Ngenxa yokuba i-cornea igxininisa ngokukhawuleza, ukujongwa kwangaphambili kudla rhoqo. Ukujonga izinto ezikufuphi kukubangela ukuba izinto zidibanise kude.
Oogqirha bamehlo balinganisa ubukhulu be-cornea nge keratometer. Angakubona ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwexesha, kwaye ukuhlolwa kwegraphicalgraphy will be order. I-corneal topographer yindlela yekhompyutheni yokuma imo kunye nobukhulu be-cornea. I-colneal topographer ikhiqiza imephu yembala ebonisa indawo ehambileyo kwimisonto ebomvu, imibala ebomvu kunye nemimandla epholileyo kwimimandla epholile, imibala eluhlaza. I-Topography iya kubonisa ngokunyuka kwe-cornea. Ngamanye amaxesha ubugcisa bezobugcisa buza kubonisa kwakhona i-asymmetry ngokuma phakathi kwesiqingatha esiphezulu se-cornea kunye nesiqingatha esiphantsi se-cornea.
Kanye kunye novavanyo olubanzi lweziliso , oogqirha bamajoni baya kwenza uvavanyo lwesibane sokuqhafaza ngokusebenzisa i-bio-microscope ekhethekileyo yokuhlola i-cornea. Izigulane, izigulane ze-keratoconus ziya kuba neendlela ezilungileyo kwi-cornea yazo ebizwa ngeVogt's striae. Kwakhona, isangqa sentsimbi yesitishi ejikeleze i-cornea ibonakala.
Unyango lwe Keratoconus
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokunyanga i-keratoconus ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko enzima.
I-lens astigmatism ezinokuthintana nama-lens: Kwiiyure zokuqala ze-keratoconus, i-lens soft toric ingagqithwa. I-lens toric iyilensi ekulungisa i-astigmatism. I-lens ithambile, kodwa iqulethwe ngamagunya amabini: elinye igunya kunye namandla ahlukeneyo 90 degrees away.
Igesi ephezulu eneenlingo ezinxulumene nazo: Kwiimilinganiselo eziqhelekileyo ze-keratoconus, i-lens egxininisekayo yerhasi iyagqitywa. I-lensi egxininisekayo yerhasi inobungakanani bunikeza indawo enzima, ukuze naluphi na ukuphazamiseka kwamakhonkco. Njengoko i-keratoconus ihamba phambili, kunokuba nzima kunxiba ukugqoka i-lens egxininisekayo ye-lens ngenxa yokunyuka kwe-lens nokunyuka kwe-lens. Iigesi ezininzi ezinobungakanani beemalensi ezincinci, ngokuqhelekileyo zijikeleze i-8-10 millimeters ububanzi kwaye zihamba kancane kunye ne-klidi blink.
Iilensi zoqhagamshelwano ze- Hybrid Oku kunika intuthuzelo engcono kumntu ogqoke ilensi. Ngenxa yokuba isikhungo sinobuqili, siyaqhubeka sisilungisa umbono ofanayo njengesiqhelo sogesi esisigxina.
Iilensi zokudibanisa ze- scleral : Amalensi e- scleral amlensenti amakhulu kakhulu ayenziwe ngamaxwebhu afana neyiphi i-gesi enesigxina. Nangona kunjalo, iilensi zamabhalane zikhulu kakhulu kwaye zifihla i-cornea kwaye zihamba kwi-sclera, inxalenye emhlophe yeso. I-lens scleral ngokupheleleyo iindawo ezinqabileyo ze-cornea, ukwandisa induduzo kunye nokunciphisa amathuba okuloba.
I-Corneal-link-link: Inkqubo yokuqhagamshela i- corneal yinkqubo entsha enokusebenza ukuqinisa iimbophelelo kwi-cornea ukukunceda ukugcina isimo sayo esifanelekileyo. Inkqubo ibandakanya ukusebenzisa i-riboflavin (i-vitamin B) kwijoni kwifom ye-liquid. Ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kusetyenziswa kwiso ukuze kuqiniswe inkqubo. Ukuqhagamshela kwe-corneal ngokuqhelekileyo akuphilisi i-keratoconus okanye kunciphise ukunyuka kwe-cornea, kodwa kukuthintela ukuba kuqhube.
I-keratoplasty enomdla: Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-keratoconus ingaba yingozi kwimeko apho kufuneka kulungiswe khona i-corneal transplant. Ngethuba leprogram ye-keratoplasty ehamba phambili , umxhasi we-cornea uxhaswa kwi-peripheral part of the cornea. Iinkqubo ezintsha ze-laser ziye zandisa impumelelo yokufakelwa kwe-corneal. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuguqulwa kwe-corneal kuphumelele. Nangona kunjalo, ukurhoxeka kukuhlala kukuxhalabisa. Kunzima ukuqikelela isiphumo sokugqibela sombono wesigulane. Nangona ukufakelwa kukuphumelela, isigulane sinokuthi siphele ngokugqithiseleyo kunye nesidingo sokugqoka iiglasi.