Ukujongana nelokuba udinga ukutshintshwa kwe-corneal kunokuba nzima. Ukutshintshwa kwe-corneal kuyindlela enkulu yokuhlinzwa kwaye ujongene nokuxhalaba ngako. Nangona kunjalo, ngekhnoloji yanamhlanje, abaninzi abantu abafumana ithuba lokutshintshela i-corneal inkqubo engabonakaliyo. Ukufunda okungakumbi malunga nento echaphazelekayo ekutheni ukufakelwa kwamanzi kuyakubeka ezininzi iinkxalabo zakho ngokukhululeka.
Yintoni yokutshintshwa kweCoral?
I- cornea isakhiwo esicacileyo, esifana nesigodlo engxenyeni yangaphambili yeso. Isebenza njenge-lens yekhamera, kunye ne-lens yesikristalline yendalo kweso, ukukunceda ukukhanya okujoliswe kwi-retina. Imiqathango emininzi enxulumene ne-cornea ingabangela umbono obuncitshiweyo kuquka ukutshatyalaliswa, isimo esingaqhelekanga, ukukhawuleza, okanye ukuvuvukala ngokweqile. Umbono unokugqithiswa okanye uphazamiseke ukuba umgangatho wobomi unciphise. Ukugqithisa okuqhelekileyo okanye ukonakala kwe-cornea kunokubangela nokuba yimfama. Ukutshintshwa kwe-corneal kukubandakanya ukutshintsha i-cornea eyonakalisiweyo nge-cornea enempilo ukuze ubuyisele umbono.
Iimeko eziqhelekileyo ezinokuthi zivume ukufakelwa kwe-corneal ziquka ezi zilandelayo:
- I-Keratoconus (i-bulging okanye i-cornea)
- I-Fuch's dystrophy (ukuvuvukala okukhulu okubangelwa ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi weeseli kumqolo we-cornea)
- Ukuqhekeka emva kokusuleleka (iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane okanye i-amoeba)
- Ukuqhekeka emva kwengozi okanye ukuxakeka kweso
- Ukungaphumeleli kwe-corneal emva kokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract
- UCornea wenqatshelwe emva kokutshintshwa kokuqala kwe-corneal
Iintlobo ze-Corneal Transplant
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ezisisiseko zokufakelwa kwe-corneal: ukufakelwa kwe-full-thickness, okubizwa ngokuba yi-PKP okanye i-keratoplasty engenayo, kunye nokutshintshwa kwendawo yokubuya okanye yokubuyisela emva, okubizwa ngokuba yi-EK inkqubo okanye i-endothelial keratoplasty.
I-eyegroup yeziliso yakho iya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi uhlobo lokutshintshwa kwe-corneal elona lungcono kwiimeko zakho.
Ngaphambi ko kutyanda
Ngaphambi kokuba utshintshwe i-corneal, ugqirha uya kukubeka eluhlu lwebhanki yeliso lendawo. Emva kokuba izicubu ziyafumaneka ziya kuvavanywa kwizifo ezifana ne-HIV okanye i-hepatitis. Iicwecwe ziya kukhangela kwakhona ukuba zicaciswe kwaye zibe nemgangatho. Ugqirha uya kuhlolisisa amehlo akho kwaye aqhube iimvavanyo ezizodwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba iso lakho likulungele ukuhlinzwa. Uyacelwa ukuba ufunde iimvavanyo zelabhoratri ezifana nesibalo segazi kunye ne-EKG ukuqinisekisa ukuba unempilweni ngokwaneleyo ukuba utyunye. Uya kucelwa ukuba ungadli okanye ungaphuze emva kobusuku bobusuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho.
Ngethuba loPhando
Ingaba i-anesthesia yendawo okanye jikelele ingasetyenziswa kwiimeko ezininzi. Ugqirha wakho uya kuxoxa nawe uhlobo luni lwe-anesthesia elona lungcono kuwe. Emva kokuba ungene kwigumbi lokusebenza, iinqwelo zakho ziza kuhlambuluka kwaye zigutyungwe ngumbumba ongezantsi. I-oksijeni iya kunikwa ityhubhu yeplastiki ibekwe kufuphi neempumlo zakho. Ugqirha uza kubeka i-microscope phezu kweso lakho.
Ngexesha elipheleleyo, ubuchule bokungena kwi-keratoplasty, isixhobo esisetyhula esibizwa ngokuba yi-trephine sisetyenziselwa ukususa i-cornea. Iqhosha le-donor corneal tissue liyakunqunywa.
Izicubu ezixhasayo zitshintshwe endaweni kunye ne-sutures emihle.
Ngaphandle koko, abaninzi oogqirha ngoku basebenzisa i-laser femtosecond ukusika isigulane sesigulane kunye nezicubu. I-laser ivumela ukuba izicubu zinqunywe kwimizekelo ye-zig-zag kunye neendawo eziphantsi ezilawulwayo ngokuchanekileyo. Oku kuvumela ukufakwa kwesigulane sesigulane kunye ne-cornea abaxhasiyo ukuba bahlangane kunye njengengxube yepuzzles. Ngeemveli eziqhelekileyo ezenziwe nge-trephine, kunokuthatha iinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwezilishumi elinesibini ukuzinzisa nokufumana umbono olungcono. Nangona kunjalo, kunye ne-femtosecond laser, ukuchaneka ngokuchanekileyo kuphulukisa ngokukhawuleza, ukuvumela ukuba kususwe ngokukhawuleza kweso suture kunye nemibono engcono.
Kwi-EK okanye inkqubo yokuphelisa i-keratoplasty, i-back row of cornea iyatshintshwa kuphela. Isigulane sivame ukuphulukisa ngokukhawuleza kule nkqubo, njengoko yonke i-cornea ingasetyenziswanga. Emva kokuba inkqubo iphelele, ikhuselo leso liya kusetyenziswa ukukhusela iso. Emva koko uza kuthathwa kwigumbi lokubuyisela ukuphumla ngaphambi kokukhutshwa.
Emva koBuloyiko
Iliso ngokuqhelekileyo lixhomekeke kuyo yonke indawo ukusuka kwiintsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3. Ugqirha lakho liso liyakuthi likubone ilanga elilandelayo kwaye lisuse iqhosha lemehlo. Uya kuhlolisisa utyando ukuba alandele ukuphulukisa kwaye abukele ukulahlwa kwezicubu. Emva komhla wokuqala okanye wesibini emva kokuhlinzwa, ungabuyela kwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo njengokutshiza amazinyo, ukuhlamba, ukuguqa, ukufunda, ukuhamba okanye ukubukela iTV. Ukusebenzisa iso lakho akuyi kubuhlungu iso lakho okanye kukuchaphazela ukuphulukiswa. Kufuneka ugweme nayiphi na imidlalo enomdla okanye udibaniso olubi kunye nobuso okanye iso. Kungacetyiswa ukuba uqhubeke ugqoke ikhuselo leso ngeveki yokuqala okanye ezimbini emva kokuhlinzwa, ukukhusela iso lakho ebusuku xa ulala.
Kumele ube nokukhuthele kakhulu ngokugxilisa iliso lakho lihla njengokuba ugqirha echaza. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kunonophelo lolondolozo lwentlalo kukugcina zonke iinkqubo zokuqeshwa kwabagqirha bakho. Ugqirha wakho uya kufuneka azi ukuba izicubu ziqala ukulahlwa. Omnye kwabafundi abane abafake izicelo zokutshintshwa kweentlobo. Ukuba ibanjwe kusenokwenzeka, kunjalo, iyakuthi iguqulwe ngamachiza.
Iimpawu zeCoral Transplant Reject
Gcina igama elilandelayo ngqondweni emva kokuhlinzwa kwakho: i-RSVP.
- R : Ubuncwane - Ubomvu obusenyameko ngumbonakaliso wokulahlwa.
- S : Ukuzwela - Ukugatywa kaninzi kubangele ukuqonda okubonakalayo.
- : Umbono - Ukugatywa kungabangela ukubonakala okuphazamisayo, okubonakalayo okanye okunamafu.
- P : Ubuhlungu - Ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwentlungu okanye isohlwayo lomzimba lwangaphandle kungabonakalisa ukuchaswa.
Emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa, i-cornea iya kuzinza ngokwaneleyo ukuba ilinganiswe ngeeklasi zokukhanya. Kwezinye iimeko, i-astigmatism okanye i-nearsightedness ingahlakulela, kodwa iziglasi zamehlo ziyakwazi ukulungisa lula ingxaki. Kwezinye iimeko, i-lens ekhethekileyo yoqhagamshelwano ingadingeka ukukhupha nayiphi na into ephazamisayo ekhoyo kwi-cornea.
> Umthombo:
> Thompson RW, Intengo MO, Bowers PJ, Intengo FW. Ukusinda kwexesha elide emva kokungena kwi-keratoplasty. Ophthalmology, 2003; 121: 1087-1092.