Ukutshiswa komqeshwa ngokuqhelekileyo kuchazwa njengokulahlekelwa yintliziyo yomsebenzi, iimvakalelo zokucinga, kunye nomoya ophantsi wokufezekiswa komntu. Ukutshisa kakhulu kuqhubela phambili kwizigaba. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuxhalabisa ngokomzimba kunye nokuxhomekeka komzimba (okanye ukutshutshisa) zibonakaliso zokuqala komsebenzi wokutshiswa komsebenzi. Abo bakwizonyango ezithile zezokwelapha baxhomekeke ekutshatyalaliswa ngenxa yokungafani phakathi kweemfuno kunye nezibonelelo kwimpilo yononophelo.
Ukungalingani kudla ukudibana nakweminye imisebenzi ebandakanya "abantu basebenzayo" kunye nokuba kunzima ukufumana ezi nkonzo ukukhawuleza. Oku kuthetha ukuba imfuno yokunakekelwa kwempilo iyaqhubeka nokwanda, enye yeendlela ezikuphela kokujongana nemfuno ekhulayo iiseyure zomsebenzi.
Isibandezelo sokutshabalalisa phakathi kwamaDokotela aseMerika
I-Medscape Physician Lifestyle Survey 2017, eyayibandakanya oogqirha abangaphezu kwama-14 000 kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, iqinisekise ukuba ukutshabalalisa kuyinkalo ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yethu yokhathalelo lwempilo. Ngokwemibiko yamuva kaMedscape, inani labagqirha eUnited States elitshiswayo lingama-50 ekhulwini. Oku kuthetha omnye kuphela oogqirha ababini unxulumano oluhle kunye noqeqesho lwabo. Iimeko zikhoyo kuzo zonke iindawo ezizodwa kunye neengingqi zelizwe. Oogqirha bamayeza angxamisekileyo bafaka ishati ngamaphesenti angama-59 abathathi-nxaxheba abalisa ukutshabalalisa, balandelwa ngabagqirha / abanezinyathelo zomzimba (ama-56 ekhulwini).
Oogqirha beentsapho, abaxhasi, kunye nezifo ezithathelwanayo oogqirha beza kweyesithathu kuma-55 ekhulwini. Ukuthelekisa, uphando lweMedscape ukususela ngo-2013 lubonise izinga lokutshiswa komlinganiselo wama-40 ekhulwini, okubonisa ukuba kuhambelana nomgangatho ophezulu. Olunye uphando olushicilelwe lufikile kwisigqibo esifanayo malunga nokunyuka ngokukhawuleza kokutshiswa phakathi koogqirha e-United States.
IThekhnoloji yezeMpilo kunye nokuThuthukiswa: Ukuphucula ubuhlobo bomsebenzisi
Xa oogqirha babandakanyeka kwi-Medscape Lifestyle Survey babuzwa malunga nezona zinto ezibangela ukutshatyalaliswa kwabo, ezininzi zikhankanya imisebenzi yobukhosi kunye nokunyuswa komakhomishoni wokusebenza kwabo (umz. Ii-EHRs). Ezi zinto zimbini zaziphakathi kwezine eziphambili. Olunye uphando, olupapashwe ngonyaka odlulileyo kwi-Mayo Clinic Proceedings, lwabonisa ukuba oogqirha abasebenzisa iirekhodi zezempilo ze-elektroniki (i-EHRs) kunye nokungena kwikhompyutha ye-oda (CPOE) babonisa ukwaneliseka okungaphantsi kwenani lexesha elichithwe kwimisebenzi yencwadi. Ukongezelela, amazinga okutshiswa kobugcisa kunye nomngcipheko wokutshiswa kwakuphezulu phakathi kwale ngcali.
Ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba iteknoloji ingaba yinye yeengcinezelo eziphambili kubagqirha abaninzi abanengxaki yokusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, kunokubonisa ukuba ukuba uphathwa kakuhle, iteknoloji inokukunceda ukuguqula imeko.
Enye indlela yokuphucula ukwaneliseka kweekliniki kukukwenza i-EHR ibe yinkonzo enomsebenzisi . Uvavanyo lwe-EHR lokuneliseka kwonyaka ngo-2016 lubonise ukuba ezinye ii-EHR zamukelwa kangcono kunabanye. Amanqaku aphezulu kwiphulo linikezelwe kwi-Epic, elandelwa nguMeditech kunye ne-Siemens. Abasebenzisi babika izikhalazo ezininzi malunga neenkqubo ezisetyenziswayo, kuquka "ukuchofoza okuninzi," izilumkiso ezinomsindo kunye nokungahambi kakuhle.
Ukuqwalasela konke oku, akumangalisi ukuba iinkokeli ezininzi zezempilo ziceba ukubuyisela ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwethekhnoloji yezempilo ukuze kuphuculwe ukwaneliseka kwabasebenzi kunye nokuphucula izibonelelo ze-EHR . Uhlolisiso olwenziwa ngu-Nuance Communications, Inc. lufumene ukuba izicwangciso ezithile ezicwangcisiweyo zokwandisa ukwaneliseka kliniki ziquka imfundo noqeqesho, ukuphuculwa kobuchwepheshe obukhoyo kunye nezixhobo, kunye neenkqubo zokunyusa ukwamkelwa kobuchwepheshe obutsha. Abo baphando bathi bacwangcise ukutyalomali kwiithuluzi zokuhamba (ama-44 ekhulwini), amaxwebhu oogqirha axhaswa yikhomputha (ama-38 ekhulwini), kunye nezixhobo zokuqaphela intetho (iipesenti ezingama-25).
Ukunyaniseka kweNkcazo yokuLawula uxinzelelo kwiMpilo
Inyaniso eyiyo (VR) isetyenziselwe ukuphathwa ngengxaki yokuxinwa kwexinzelelo (post-traumatic disorder disorder) (PTSD) kwimikhosi yomkhosi kunye noluntu. Ngaphambi kokusasazwa, amajoni ngoku ahlala ephantsi kokuqeqeshwa kwe-inoculation training, ebonakala ngathi iyasebenza. Kuye kucetyiswa ukuba iinkqubo ezifanayo zokuthintela nazo zinokulungiswa ukujongana nokutshiswa konyango. Iingcali zenzululwazi zisebenzisela iiprotokthi eziphuculweyo zenkqubo yokukhusela uxinzelelo kunye nolawulo oluhambelana nokunyangwa kwezonyango.
Enye yeprotocol evivinywe kwiqela labongikazi e-Italy. Indlela yokudibanisa iziganeko ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo, ukubeka esweni kwangoko kunye nenkxaso, kunye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili (umzekelo, iVR, izixhobo eziphathekayo kunye nekhnoloji ye-smartphone). I-VR esetyenziswe kwiphononongo ibandakanye indima-idlala imeko engabangela uxinzelelo, kunye nokusebenzisa izimo zendalo zemvelo ukuze zifunde ubuchule bokuphumula. Abahlengikazi baboneleleke kwiimeko zokuphila kwangempela kwaye bavavanywa kuzo zombini ihlabathi ngokusebenzisa i-biosensors nokuhlalutya kokuziphatha. Le ndlela ibizwa ngokungafaniyo (IR) kwaye ibonakalise ukuba isebenze ngakumbi kunokuba uqeqesho lokulawula uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo, olufana nocwangciso lwengqondo yokuziphatha (CBT). Ababhali bokulinga, abakhokelwa nguNjingalwazi onxulumene no-Andrea Gaggioli wase-Istituto Auxologico Italiano eMilan, eItali, bacebisa ukuba ukuziphatha okungaba ngumgaqo osebenzayo wokuthintela uxinzelelo kunye nokunyangwa.
Izakhono ezisixhenxe ezokukhuthaza ukuzinza kwengqondo
Iingcali zibonisa ukuba ukutshatyalaliswa kubangelwa yimpawu zomntu kunye neemeko zentlangano. Xa iimpawu ezithile zobuntu zidibaniswa neziganeko ezinobungozi, umntu unokunyamekela uhlobo loxinzelelo olunxulumene nomsebenzi ekugqibeleni olukhokelela ekutshiseni. Ngokomzekelo, ukuhlaziywa nguBrenda Wiederhold, i-Ph.D. kunye nabalingane bakhe abavela kwi-Virtual Reality Medical Institute eBrussels, eBelgium, babonisa ukuba ukuvuthwa kwezinto eziphezulu, ukuvumelanisa okuphantsi, ukuzithemba, iimvakalelo ezimbi, kunye neengcamango ezizimbi zingabangela ukutshiswa . Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinto ezithile zentlangano kunye neemeko zomsebenzi nazo zingaba nemiphumo emibi (umzekelo, uxinzelelo lwexesha, ukulawula okwaneleyo, umgangatho omnxibelelwano, ukwenziwa kwezigqibo emsebenzini, kunye nembuyekezo enganeleyo). Ngako oko, ukungenelela kufuneka kujoliswe ekunciphiseni umngcipheko kwinqanaba leziko kunye nomgangatho ngamnye.
Izicwangciso zokuvuselela kwakhona ziye zajoliswa ngophando lokutshiswa kunye nokungenelela. Ngokucacileyo, ukuqina kunokubhekiselele kwindlela esabela ngayo kunye nokujamelana nexesha elibuhlungu. Ichaphazela ulonwabo lwethu, kwaye ngethamsanqa, inokucocwa nokuphuculwa. Kuye kwafumaniswa izakhono ezisixhenxe ezinokuthi ziqinise ukuqina kwethu:
- Ukuqaphela impembelelo yeengcamango neenkolelo zethu
- Ukuqaphela indlela esivame ukuyenza ngayo iimpazamo xa sicinga ngezinto-ngokomzekelo, xa sifika kwizigqibo
- Ukuqonda iindlela zethu zokucinga kunye neenkolelo ezichaphazela iimvakalelo zethu nokuziphatha
- Ukufunda indlela yokubuyela emva kwaye uhlalise kwiimeko ezinzima
- Ukufunda ukuphumeza iingxaki zokuxazulula iingxaki ezibandakanya inselelo kwezinye iinkolelo zethu
- Ukufunda indlela yokubeka izinto ngendlela ebonakalayo ukuze sikwazi ukuyeka ukugxila kweengcamango ezingekho phantsi nokuzibuyisela kwizinto ezinokwenene
- Ukusebenzisa ukunyamezela kwexesha-okwenzekayo okwangoku kwaye udibanisa zonke izakhono ezidlulileyo ezikhankanywe
I-Apps kunye nezixhobo zokukunceda ukwakha ukuzinzisa nokuphepha ukutshaya
I-Human Performance Resource Centre (i-HPRC), esungulwe yiSebe lezoKhuseleko ngo-2009, inikezela ngezixhobo ezinokwakheka ubungqina bokuxhobisa kwengqondo. Ezi ziquka iinkonzo, izixhobo kunye neevidiyo. I-T2 Mood Tracker ngumzekelo wesicelo esasikwakhiwa ngokutsha kumalungu enkonzo kodwa ngoku sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngabantu. Insiza isekela ukubeka iliso kwiimvakalelo kunye nokurekhoda amava oomsebenzisi wokuxinezeleka, ukudandatheka kunye nokuxhalabisa. Kanye nokubeka iliso nokulinganisa, insiza inokukunceda nokwakha amandla engqondo.
Enye insiza yeselula ekhuthazwa yi-HPRC yi-BioZen, i-app biofeedback. Esi sicelo sinokubambisana kunye ne-biosensors zangaphandle ezihambelanayo. Abasebenzisi banokulandela idatha ephilayo malunga nemisebenzi yabo ye-biophysical, kubandakanya ubuchopho, imisipha, kunye nentliziyo. Banokukwazi ukuqonda ukudibanisa phakathi kweengcinga zabo kunye nomzimba wabo nengqondo. I-BioZen iza kunye nokucamngca kwaye iyakubonisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeengqungquthela zengqondo (Alpha, Beta, Theta, Gamma). Abasebenzisi banokubona indlela ekhululekile kunye noxolo ngayo ngokusebenzisa imifanekiso kwi-smartphone yabo kunye nomsebenzi wabo wengqondo nentlawulo yenhliziyo. Insiza inika ingxelo malunga namazinga abo oxinzelelo ngokuguqula umfanekiso kwiskrini-umzekelo, xa isantya senhliziyo yakho iyancipha, kubonakala ukuba kubekho indawo enokuthula.
I-Platform Platform yoNcomelo lwezeMpilo yakho
Uphando lubonisa ukuba indlela efanelekileyo yokuphucula ukunyamezela kwakho nokunciphisa uxinzelelo kukuba uhanjise rhoqo kwaye ufumane ngokuthokoza. Ngokomzekelo, abantu abaye bathatha ixesha lokuvuma into ababeyibongayo imihla ngemihla baye bafumanisa banelisekile ngobomi babo xa kuthelekiswa nabangenalo.
Uphando lubonisa ukuba ekunakekelweni kwempilo, kukho ubudlelwane obubalulekileyo phakathi kokwaneliseka kwezigulane kunye nenkathalo kunye neengcali zezempilo malunga nomgangatho wobomi bomsebenzi wabo. Ubudlelwane obuhle kunye nezigulane, ngoko ke, lunokuba ngumthombo obalulekileyo onokukunceda ukunciphisa ukutshiswa. Uphando oluvela kwiSebe lezeNgqondo kwiYunivesithi yaseTurin, e-Italy, yaqinisekisa ukuba xa izigulana zivakalisa ukubonga nokuxhasa, oku kunokunciphisa ukutshatyalaliswa kwabahlengikazi.
UDohJe iyisiteti esisekuhlaleni esilungelelanisa isayensi yokubulela ubomi bemihla ngemihla. Yenza kube lula kubantu ukuba babonise iimvakalelo zabo zokubonga kwabo bahlinzekele ngononophelo lwempilo, ekunokwenzeka ukuba bavuselele umgangatho wabasebenzi abanonophelo lwempilo ababonelela ngenkonzo. Akunakuze kube lula ukubonisa iimvakalelo zethu ezintle kumntu kunye / okanye kumntu ofanelekileyo, ngoko ke uDohJe unokuncedisa le ntsebenziswano. UDohJe-oko kuthetha ukuthi "mbulela" kwisiCanton-yaqaliswa ngo-2013, kwiSuku loNesihlengikazi kaZwelonke. Ikhululekile ukuyisebenzisa kwaye ingasetyenziselwa izigulane kunye nabasebenzi abasebenzisana nabo abafuna ukubonisa ukwazisa omnye nomnye.
Ukuthumela iDohJe, konke okufuneka ukwenzeyo ukhethe indawo apho uphathwe khona. Uluhlu lwabasebenzi bezonyango kunye neefoto zabo lunceda ufumane lowo ofuna ukumbulela. Wena (okanye umntu onikezelweyo) unokuthumela umyalezo obhaliweyo ngaphambili okanye wenze ngokwakho. Ngokutsho komsunguli uAmanda Krantz, "ngaphaya kokuphuculwa kwentlalo-ntle, ukwandisa ukubonga kungabangela ukugcinwa kweendleko zangempela kwizibhedlele. Ngomnye umnyaka, abasebenzi base-600 kwi-Hospital yaseCelta County Memorial bafumana amanqaku angama-1,700 ngokubulela ngoDohJe, beyandisa ukubonga kwabo okwaba liwaka. Ngaloo nyaka, abasebenzi basebenzisa i-761 iiyure ezimbalwa zekhefu lokugula ukusuka kunyaka ongaphambili. "
> Imithombo:
> Converso D, Loera B, Viotti S, Martini M. Ngaba ubudlelwane obuhle kunye nezigulane badlala indima yokukhusela abasebenzi bezempilo? Iimiphumo zezigulane kunye nokuxhaswa kwabahlengikazi. Front Psychol. 2015; 6: 470.
> Gaggioli A, Pallavicini F, Riva G, et al. Iimvavanyo ezibonakalayo ezintle ne-Real-Time Monitoring (Interreality) yoLawulo lweengqondo zengqondo: I-Block Triomed Trial Trial. J Med Internet Res. 2014; 16 (7): 54-72.
> Jackson R, Watkin C. I-inventory yokuzinza: Izakhono ezisixhenxe ezibalulekileyo zokunqoba izithintelo zobomi nokugqiba injabulo . Ukhetho noPhuculo loPhuhliso. 2004; 20 (6): 13-17.
> Shanafelt T, Dyrbye L, West C, et al. Ubudlelwane Phakathi koMthwalo weeClerical and Characters of Electronic Environment kunye noGqirha wokuThuthukiswa kunye nokuQiniseka koBuchule. IMayo Clin Proc. 2016; 91: 836-848.
> Wiederhold B, Riva G, Gaggioli A, Wiedrehold M. Udokotela Ukutshabalalisa: Ukuphucula ukuPhathwa koPhulo lweNkcazo ngeNyaniso. I-Technol yezeMpilo yaBafundi. 2016; 220: 454-458.