Ukulungiswa kwempilo yinkxalabo yinkimbinkimbi, enemiba eyahlukeneyo. Ukuba usebenze ekunakekelwa kwezempilo ngethuba elithile, ngokukodwa njengomboneleli okanye ulawulo, mhlawumbi uyaqonda oku. Ukuba untsha kumashishini okhathalelo lwempilo, okanye ukuba awuzange usebenze kwiinkonzo zempilo, oku kunokukunceda ukuba uqonde ezinye zeengongoma eziphambili zenkqubela yokulungisa impilo.
Abantu abaninzi, kubandakanywa ezobupolitika, amagosa karhulumente, abaqeqeshi bezempilo, nabemi, banomuvo wokuthi inkqubo yokunakekelwa kwezempilo e-United States idinga ukugqitywa ngokupheleleyo. Abanye banomuvo wokuthi kukho indawo yokuphucula, kodwa inkqubo yokunakekelwa kwempilo ayifuni ukuguqulwa ngokupheleleyo.
Iinjongo zoTshintsho lwezeMpilo
Iinjongo eziphambili zokulungiswa kwempilo ziquka:
- Ukubonelela ngoncedo lwezempilo kubo bonke (okwangoku abaxhaswangayo) baseMerika jikelele
- Ukunciphisa iindleko zempilo yononophelo kunye neenkonzo
Uvakala njengengcamango enkulu, kunene? I-United States ineendleko eziphezulu kakhulu zokunakekelwa kwempilo, kwaye sinakho izigidi zabantu abangenakuncedwa. Ngoko kubonakala kucacile ukuba sifuna ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zonke, nokunciphisa iindleko. Nangona kunjalo, ezo njongo zimbini azihambelani.
Iinshorensi
Uninzi lwabantu abaqinisekisiwe bayabhalwa ngumqeshi wabo, kunye nenkqubo yomshuwalense wezempilo yenkampani.
Abanye abaqeshi bahlawula ngokukhawuleza ngoku, ngelixa abanye abaqeshi babelana ngeendleko nabasebenzi. Abanye abantu abaqeshwe ngabasebenzi okanye abangaqeshwanga kufuneka bahlawule umgaqo-nkqubo we-inshorensi yabo yezempilo ngokuhlawula i-premium yenyanga. Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 banelungelo lokufumana isicwangciso socwangciso lwezempilo karhulumente esibizwa ngokuba yiMedare , ehlawulwa ngokukodwa ngerhafu nakwezinye iimali zikaRhulumente.
I-Medicaid enye inkqubo exhaswa ngemali karhulumente eqinisekisa abo bahluphekileyo kakhulu ukuba bafumane i-inshorensi yabo. Ukongezelela, kukho izicwangciso zorhulumente ezixhaswa ngemali kunye neeplani zabantwana zokugubungela abemi abemi abangenako ukufumana i-inshorensi yezempilo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izigidi zabantu baseMerika abangafanelekanga naziphi na ezi zicwangciso zomshuwalense.
Abantu abaninzi banomuvo wokuthi ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zempilo kwizigidi zabantu abangenakuncedwa njengangoku kunokubangela ukuba inkqubo yezempilo ilayishwe ngokweqile, okubangelwa ukulinda ixesha elide kunye neekliniki ezingaphezulu.
Iindleko zezeMpilo eziKhulayo
Iindleko ezinciphisa iinkonzo zonyango lolunye luzama. I-United States inenkathalo yezempilo eyindleko kodwa nayo inomgangatho ophezulu wezempilo. Unyango kunye neteknoloji eMelika ziphambili kakhulu, kwaye ziza neendleko, kungekhona ubuncinci bophando nophuhliso, njengezilingo zekliniki kunye nokuhlolwa kwebhu. Ukunciphisa iindleko zonyango lwezempilo kuya kuba yinto entle kakhulu, kodwa kungekhona ukuba iindleko zancitshiswa ngeendleko zabanikezeli beklinikhi okanye kwiinkampani eziphuhlisa izixhobo zonyango kunye neetheknoloji esizifumanayo e-United States.
Zininzi izinto ezifaka isandla kwiindleko eziphezulu zokunakekelwa kwezempilo abantu abangaqhelekanga.
Ngokomzekelo, imithetho yezokwelapha ezingekho phantsi kweminye imimandla inokubangela iindleko zempilo eziphezulu. Kwiindawo ezinobungqina, ukunyuka kweendleko ze-inshorensi yokungasebenzi kwinqanaba le-inshorensi elibhekiselele kumgca wezilwanyana kunye nezibhedlele, omele ukuba adlulise ezo ndleko kwizigulane. Ukongeza kwindleko ze-inshorensi ezikhulayo, ukwesaba ukutshutshiswa kubangela ukuba abaninzi oogqirha bafumane iimvavanyo ezingadingekile ukuzifihla. Ezi zongezelelweyo iimvavanyo zenza negalelo eliphezulu lokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ukuba ugqirha wenza impazamo yokungakhathali, kufuneka ahlawule; nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ama-suit of crap suits afakwe ngokugqithiseleyo okanye angabalulekanga okubangela iindleko zempilo ephezulu.
Uphuhliso lwezeMpilo
Ngoko senza njani utshintsho lwempilo? Enye indlela ukuzama ukwenza kube lula ngakumbi. Mhlawumbi ukuzalisa iirekhodi zezobugcisa (i-EMR) yimpendulo yokwenza zonke iinkonzo zempilo ziphumelele. I-EMR inokunceda, kodwa kukho iindleko ezinxulumene nokuphuhlisa, ukuphunyezwa, nokugcina inkqubo ye-EMR esebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Ngonyaka ka-2009, uMongameli uBrazil wagunyazisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-EMR kwindlela yokugqirha kwebhola ukuze ibhola ibhola kule ndawo. Uninzi lwezopolitiko kunye namagosa karhulumente bazama ukufumana iindlela ezongezelelweyo zokwenza iinkonzo zempilo ziphumelele, ngoko ukunciphisa iindleko zayo.
Ukwandisa iMpilo
Ngokunyusa ukukhutshwa kwabo bonke, kubandakanywa izigidi zezipho ezingaxhaswanga, abanye bayesaba ukuba oku kuya kubakho kwisicwangciso esinye kuphela, kwaye ke siza kuba nenketho elilodwa - urhulumente. Ngelo xesha, siza kuba nenkqubo efana neyaseYurophu naseKhanada. Abaninzi bacinga ukuba oku kuyinto enhle eMelika. Abanye bacinga ukuba oku kuya kubangela ukuba umgangatho wokunyamekela unqabile (njengoko unayo kwiindawo ezininzi apho kunikwa unakekelo lwempilo kazwelonke), kwaye kubangele ixesha elinde (ezinyangeni ezintandathu ukuya kunyaka omnye) unyango lwezempilo.
Imiba ekhankanywe ngentla yimiba embalwa kwimiba evelele echaphazelekayo ekuphuculweni kwezempilo. Ngoko ukuba utshintsho lwezempilo luya kuphunyezwa, luya kuthinta njani umsebenzi wakho wezempilo? Oku kuxhomekeke kwizinto eziphunyeziweyo. Kodwa abaninzi bayavuma ukuba ukulungiswa kwempilo kwezempilo kuya kubangela ukunyuswa komsebenzi ngeendlela eziliqela, ngenxa yomthetho owongeziweyo kunye nomthwalo wesiguli esongezelelweyo kwizigidi zabantu abaza kuqinisekiswa ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuba isicwangciso sonyango soononophelo loluntu sibeka i-private insurerrs kwishishini, ngoko ngokuqinisekileyo bonke oogqirha kunye nabanikezeli bezonyango baya kuthi basebenzele urhulumente wase-US ngelo xesha. Kucacile, oko kuya kunciphisa iinqunto zakho kubaqeshi, kuba urhulumente uya kuba ngulo lonke elawula impilo yoncedo, njengoko kwenza eKhanada naseYurophu, apho bonke oogqirha kunye nabasebenzi bezempilo banokusebenzela urhulumente.
Njengoko mhlawumbi ungabonwa ngolu hlobo, ukulungiswa kwempilo kwezempilo kuyimfuneko enkulu eninzi kwaye akukho nto isisombululo esilula.