Isifo se-sinus, esabizwa ngokuba yi-sinusitis, ukuvuvukala kwamathambo emoyeni emathanjeni ajikeleze ekhaleni lakho kunye neenyawo. Xa izitshini zokuhambisa amanzi zikhutshwe, zizalisa i-mucus kwaye unokuziva uziva buhlungu kunye noxinzelelo. Izifo ezibangelwa yi-sinus zivame ukuqala ngokuvuvukala kwi-allergies okanye intsholongwane yentsholongwane (njengotshongo) kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ikhula ibe yintsholongwane ye-bhakteria.
Izifo zonyango ezingapheliyo zidla ngokuba ngenxa yokuvuvukala okuqhubekayo. Ukungaqhelekanga kwesakhiwo kwiimpazamo kungakhokelela kwisifo esingapheliyo okanye esasiphindayo. Izifo zesifo se-fungal ziyabonakala, ingakumbi kubantu abanamajoni omzimba obuthathaka.
Iisini
Iimonsi zihlala zihlala emathanjeni azungeze amehlo, impumlo, izihlathi kunye nebunzi. Ziquka i-frontal, i-maxillary, i-sphenoid, ne-sinmoy sinuses. Iimonsi zixutywe ngeembrane ezivuthayo ezivame ukuvelisa i-fluid (mucus) ekunceda ukubetha nayiphi na inkunkuma. Izinwele ezinjenge-cilia zisezintambo zize zitshintshe kunye ne-mucus, edla ngokugqithisela kwiimpawu zomntu kwaye igxinwe yonke imihla.
Nangona kunjalo, xa iisayithi zokuhambisa amanzi zikhutshwe, iimpazamo azikwazi ukukhupha kwaye isifo singakhula. I-muscus ngexesha lokusuleleka lixinwa ngamaseli avuthayo kwaye utshintsho olusuka kumanzi ukuze lube lukhulu kwaye lucacile lube luphuzi okanye luhlaza.
Iimpawu
Izifo ezithintekayo zingahlukana kwiindidi ezahlukileyo ngokubhekiselele kwithuba elide losuleleko.
Nge -sinusitis ephawulekayo , iimpawu zikhoyo kwiiveki ezingaphantsi kwezine. I-sinbaitis sinusitis ibonisa iimpawu ezikhoyo kwiiyure ezine kodwa zingaphantsi kwama-12.
Iimpawu ezisoloko zidibaniswa nesimo sinusitis esichukumisayo kunye nesimo siquka:
- Ubuhlungu bebuso kunye noxinzelelo kwi-sinus (es)
- Ukudibanisa kwamanzi
- Ukutshatyalaliswa kwemisipha yombala
- Nciphisa inkohlakalo kunye nokuva
- Fever
- Intloko
- Ukuphefumula okubi / okubi
- Ukukhathala
- Isiqhamo
- Intlungu yezinyo
- Ingcinezelo yeendlebe / intlungu
Intsholongwane ye-virus yesifo sentsholongwane iya kuphucula usuku ngalunye oludlulayo (kwaye ngaphandle kwonyango). Ngesinye icala, kuthathwa ukuba usulelo lwe-bacterial sinus, lucinga ukuba iimpawu zakho zandisa iintsuku ezi-10 ezedlulileyo, ziba zibi ngakumbi emva kokuphucula, okanye zinzima.
Usulelo olusisigxina lwe-fungal infection luhlobo olunqabileyo oluvela kubantu abanesistim somzimba sokukhusela ngamandla. Iimpawu ziqala ngomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumula, kunye nentloko. Ngokukhawuleza bahlakulele iimpawu zamehlo (ukuvuvukala, utshintsho lomboniso) kunye neempawu zokubandakanyeka kwengqondo.
Ufunyaniswa ukuba unesifo sengqondo esithile xa kukho iimpawu zakho kwiiveki ezili-12 okanye ngaphezulu.
Iimpawu zesifo esingapheliyo sinusitis zingaba mnene kwaye kufuneka ziquke ubuncinane ezimbini:
- Ukudibanisa kwamanzi
- Ukuphosa kwe-postnasal okanye impumlo ye-runny nge-mucus
- Ubuhlungu okanye uxinzelelo ebusweni
- Ingqiqo ephosakeleyo yokunuka kunye nokunambitha
- Ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo (kubantwana)
Ukuba i-sinusitis engapheliyo ingenxa ye-sinusitis engabonakaliyo ye-fungal (ibhola ye-fungal), kukho impawu ezimbalwa, ezinokubandakanya kuphela ukuvakalelwa kwengqondo, uxinzelelo lwesono kunye nokukhutshwa komnye.
I-sinusitis ye-fungal engapheliyo engapheliyo ibonakala kakhulu kwizigulane ezingabonakaliyo kwaye zibonisa iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-sinusitis engapheli ixesha elide, kodwa zinokuvelisa iimpawu ezinzulu zokunciphisa umbono kunye nokungahambi kwamehlo njengoko isifo sisenza.
Uqwalaselwa ukuba unesifo se sinusitis xa unesifo sesine okanye ngaphezulu kwesifo ngonyaka. Ezi ntsholongwane ze-sinus zineempawu eziqhelekileyo zesimo sinusitis kwaye zixazulula phakathi kweepisodes.
Iingxaki zentsholongwane ye-sinus aziqhelekanga, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba usulelo lusasazeka kwiimfucu ezisebusweni, i-crake, okanye ingqondo. Jonga ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba unempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane ophezulu, ukuvuvukala kwamehlo okanye ebunzini, ukudideka, inwele embi okanye ukutshintsha kombono.
Izizathu
Yintoni ephantsi kwengcambu yesifo sakho sinokuxhomekeka kwintlobo enayo.
I-Acute okanye iSubacute Sinus Infections
Usuleleko olunzulu okanye oluhlukumezayo lwesifo sosus luqala ngokuvuvukala kweendinyana zamanxeba ngenxa yomsindo, ukungabikho komzimba, okanye ukusuleleka, njengotshani oluqhelekileyo. Ukukhusela ukukhutshwa kwamanxweme e-drainage zezi sinisi kukukhokelela ekuphuhliseni isifo ngokwawo.
Izifo eziSigxina okanye eziPhindayo
I-sinusitis engapheliyo okanye ephindaphindiweyo ibangelwa ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo kunokutheleleka. Iyakhula ngenxa ye-rhinitis ye-allergen , i-fungal allergies, i-aspirin-exacerated disease respiratory (AERD), ukuchasana nezibilini (njengomsi wesigare), okanye ukusuleleka kwezifo zentsholongwane.
Ezinye izimbangela ze-infections ezingapheliyo okanye eziphindaphindiweyo ziquka ukungaqhelekanga kwimihlathi kunye nezono, njenge-septum ekhethiweyo (isakhiwo esahlula umgca womda kumacala amabini); adenoids; i-turbinates enwetshiwe (izakhiwo ezifudumala umoya ekhaleni lakho); iipolisi zamanzi; kunye nezinye izinto ezingabonakaliyo ezinokuthi zikhusele izoni ukuba zingadli.
Izifo Zesifo seFungal
Intsholongwane yesasus inokuphuhliswa njengokuba ibhola elingabonakaliyo okanye i-infection fungal infection engonakalisa izakhiwo ezikufuphi. Ibhola lefungal liyakhula xa iiseli ezifileyo kunye nezidumbu zokuvuvukala okanye ukulimala ziqokelela kwi-sinus kunye nefungus evame ukuvela emoyeni ziqala ukukhula. Oku kunokubangela ukucaphukisa kunye nokuvuvukala. Izifo ezifayo ezifayo zixhaphake kubantu abanokukhubazeka kwamagciwane omzimba. Iintlobo zefungus ezifunyenweyo zikhoyo emoyeni kodwa azivami ukuhlasela umzimba. Ziyakwazi kuphela ukukhula xa izikhuselo zomzimba ziphantsi kakhulu.
Izinto ezinobungozi eziqhelekileyo
Ukuba ne-rhinitis ye-allergen okanye isifo sokuphefumula esiphakamileyo siphezulu kwimiba yemingcipheko ye-sinusitis embi kwaye engapheliyo. Unokuba unyanzelekile nakweyiphi ifomu ye-sinusitis ukuba unemimiselo engavumelekanga ekhubaza umsele we-sinus.
Iingxaki nge-immune function yiyona nto ebaluleke kakhulu kubantu abadlulayo kwi-sinusitis yefungal, kodwa banokwandisa umngcipheko weentlobo ezahlukeneyo zentsholongwane ye-virus kunye ne-bacteria. Iimpawu zokungabikho komzimba zingenzeka ngenxa yeengxaki zobomi (ezifana ne- cystic fibrosis ), ukusuleleka (njenge-HIV / AIDS), okanye izifo ezichaphazela amanqanaba omntu (njengama- myeloma amaninzi ). Isifo sikashukela sinokubangela umngcipheko wokutheleleka kwe-fungal sinus.
Ezinye izifo ezinokunyusa ithuba lokuba umntu ahlakulele ukusulelwa kwe-sinus kubandakanya isifo se-reflux yesifo se-gastroesophageal (GERD) kunye ne- non-allergenic rhinitis .
Ukuxilongwa
Usulelo lwe-sinus lufunyaniswa ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho kunye nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba ngumboneleli wakho wezempilo. Azikho ezinye iimvavanyo ezifunekayo ukwenzela ukuba unentsholongwane engathandekiyo okanye isifo sosus. Ukuba kukho ukukhunjulwa kweso sifo, unokuthi uhanjiswe ukuvavanya. Ukuba une-sinusitis engapheliyo okanye engapheliyo, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela i-X-ray okanye i-CT imaging ukuba ibone isizathu esiyintloko. Uviwo oluyingcipheko kunye nenkcubeko ye-aspirate evela kwiimonsi inokukunceda ukufumanisa ukusuleleka kwe-bacterial or fantal infection.
Kwiimeko ezinzima ze-sinusitis, ingakumbi abo abangaphenduliyo kunyango oluqhelekileyo, ungathunyelwa kwi-ear-throat-throat (ENT) okanye otolaryngologist .
Unyango
Ukutheleleka kwesifo se-virus yesifo se-virus / subacute siza kuzixazulula kwiintsuku ezili-10 okanye ngaphantsi. Wena okanye umntwana wakho uzakufuna kuphela unyango lweempawu ukuze unikezele induduzo kunye noxolo. I-Saline nasal spray okanye, kubantu abadala, i- salin irine yokunkcenkceshela , inokukunceda ukususa i-muscus kwiimpawu ze-nasal kunye nezono. Ezi zonyango zingaba luncedo kubantu abadala abane-sinusitis engapheliyo okanye engapheliyo.
Ulwaphulo oluphambili lwe-bacterial sinus infections yi-course ye-anti-antibiotic (i-amoxicillin, i-amoxicillin-clavulanate, okanye i-doxycycline).
Ukunyangwa kwintsholongwane ye-sinus engapheliyo ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya i-nasal spray spray. Kwiimeko zokuqhaqha okukhulu, ukusetyenziswa kwe-steroids yomlomo njenge-prednisone kwiintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwi-10 kudlalwa njalo. Ezinye iimichiza ezincedo ziquka i-decongestants yomlomo okanye yomlomo. I-antibiotics inakho okanye ayinakumiselwa kuye kuxhomekeka ukuba ngaba usulelo lwebhaktheriya lukhona. Ukuba kunjalo, unyango luqhubekeka kwiiveki ezine ukuya ezintandathu.
Abanye abantu bafuna utyando ukujongana nosulelo olunzulu lwe-sinus, ngokukodwa oluyinkimbinkimbi ngeengxaki zesakhiwo okanye iipolps zamanzi . Ukuhlinzwa ngokugqithisileyo kunokufuneka kwakhona kwiintsholongwane ze-fungal sinus.
ILizwi
Nangona intsholongwane ye-sinus ibonakala ngathi yinto encinci kwabanye, ingaba yinkcenkcesha ngelixa unayo, ihlala ikuphazamisa malunga nantoni na yonke kodwa ingakhathazeki ibangela. Khumbula ukuba ukukhulula kukuqhelekileyo iintsuku. Ngelixa ulinde, uthabatha ubuhlungu be-counter-counter-reversevers, ukusela amaninzi amanzi, ukufumana ukuphumla okuninzi, usebenzisa i-humidifier, kunye nokusebenzisa i-compress efudumele ebusweni bakho kunokukunceda. Kwaye ukuba iimpawu zakho ziqhubeka iintsuku ezili-10, qiniseka ukuba uthethe ugqirha wakho kwakhona.
> Imithombo:
> Chow AW, Benninger MS, Brook I, et al. I-IDSA Isikhokelo seZiklinikhi zoLwazi lweBacterial Rhinosinusitis kwi-Children and Adult. Iiklinikhi ezingenayo . 2012; 54 (8): e72-e112.
> Hamilos DL. Rhinosinusitis engapheliyo (ngaphaya kweZiseko). Isemgangathweno. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/chronic-rhinosinusitis-beyond-the-basics.
> Radojicic C. Sinusitis. Isiko leKliniki yaseCleveland yeMfundo eqhubekayo. http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/medicalpubs/diseasemanagement/allergy/rhino-sinusitis/.
> Ukwelapha i-Chronic Sinusitis. I-Health Online Online: Isiko soMgangatho kunye neNtsebenzo kwiNkcazo yeMpilo. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0072668/.
> Wald ER, Applegate KE, Bordley C, et al. Isikhokelo soKhuseleko lweCliniki yoLwazi kunye nokuPhathwa kweBacterial Sinusitis e-Abantwana abaneminyaka eli-1 ukuya kwe-18. Pediatrics . 2013; 132 (1): e262-80.