Isifo sesifo sengqondo esingapheliyo, okanye i-CLD, sibhekisela kwiingxaki zamaphaphu ezinde. Kwiintsana zangaphambi kwexesha, isifo esingapheliyo sesifo sengummangalo kubangelwa umonakalo wamaphaphu onokuthi kwenzeke xa umntwana usuphefumle umbane okanye unike i-oxygen. Ukuqhekeza kunye nokuvuvukala kubangela ingxaki yokuphefumula nokuphefumula igazi, kwaye iziphumo zingapheli kwiinyanga okanye iminyaka.
Ukuphefumula okunzima kuyisifo esibalulekileyo sesifo esingapheliyo samaphaphu.
Iintsana kunye ne-CLD zingadinga inkxaso yokuphefumula ngaphaya kweentsuku zokuqala ezingama-28 zobomi, okanye emva kweeyure ezingama-36 zokuguga. Isifo sesifo sengculazi singasichaphazela wonke umzimba. Iintsana kunye ne-CLD zinokuba neengxaki zentliziyo kunye neengxaki zokutya okanye ukufumana ubunzima.
Akunjalo zonke iintshaba ezisefenini ziya kuhlakulela isifo esingapheliyo samaphaphu. Amathuba okuba nesifo esingapheliyo sesifo samaphaphu senyuka ukuba umntwana:
- Wazalelwa ngaphambi kweveki ezingama-30
- Ukulinganisa ngaphantsi kwe-3 i-lbs, i-5 oz ngexesha lokuzalwa
- Wayenobungozi okanye isifo emva kokuzalwa
- Ingumfana okanye umhlophe
- Ngaba i-patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Uninzi lwabantwana luya kukhupha isifo esingapheliyo sesifo samaphaphu ngamashumi amabini anesibini, njengoko imizimba yabo ikhula iimfucu zamaphaphu enempilo. Unyango lunikezelwa ukunceda ngeempawu ze-CLD njengoko imiphunga ikhula. Iinyango eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya inkxaso yokuphefumula ukwenza lula ukuphefumla, ukondla kwekhalori ekuncedeni ukukhula, kunye nemichiza yokuvula imiphunga nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala.
Inkcazo ecacileyo ngakumbi yeCPD
Isifo sesifo se-lung disease (CLD) sichazwa njengemiba yokuphefumula eyenzeka emva kweveki ezingama-36 emva kokukhulelwa. Ezi iingxaki zokuphefumula zingaquka iimpawu zokuphefumula (ukukhathazeka ngokuphefumula), imfuneko yokuphefumula oksijini kunye nokungaqhelekanga kuboniswe kwi-x-ray esifubeni.
I-CPD eqhelekileyo?
I-CPD ivela malunga neepesenti ezingama-20 zeintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha.
Esi sifo siqhelekileyo phakathi kwabo banesisindo sokuzalwa esincinane. Ngethamsanqa, iintsana ezimbalwa zifa ngeCPD. Nangona kunjalo, i-CPD ingabangela iimpawu zomoya osebenzayo kunye nokusuleleka kwintsholongwane, oku kunokukhokelela kwizibhedlele ezininzi kwiiminyaka ezimbini zokuqala zokuphila.
Kutheni iCPD iyenzeka?
Isizathu sokuba i-CPD yenzeke kwiintsana zangaphambi kwantoni kukuba imiphunga yale ntsana ayiphumeli kakuhle kwaye ivelise i-intactantant. I-Surfactant i-lipoprotein eyinkimbinkimbi eveliswa ngama-alveolar cells, okunciphisa uxinzelelo lomhlaba kwaye isinceda siphefumule.
Ezinye izinto zinegalelo ekuphuhlisweni kweCPD kwiintsana ezisengaphambili, kuquka ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-chorioamnionitis, ukuvuvukala, iziphumo eziphezulu ze-oksijini ezilawulwa emva kokuzalwa kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwefuthe.
Thintelo
Ukuqhubela phambili kwi-pulmonology ngokunyamekela kunceda ukukhusela i-CPD kwezinye iintsana zokuqala. Ezi nkqubela zibandakanya i-CPAP ye-nasal yangaphambili (uhlobo lwe-ventilation mechanical) kunye ne-substantant-substitution-treatment emva nje kokuzalwa.
Unyango
Nazi ezinye iindlela apho iPCD iphathwa ngayo ngexesha elide:
- I-oxygen eyongezelelweyo ekhaya
- Corticosteroids
- I-beta agonists
- Diuretics
Ukulawulwa kwe-systemic (ngomlomo) i-steroids iphikisana. Nangona i-systemic steroids inokunceda ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala, okuyinxalenye yekhadidi yeCPD, kunye nokuncedisa umntanini ngaphandle kokungena umoya, ukusetyenziswa kwangaphambili kwe-dexamethasone (uhlobo lwe-systemic steroid) luye lwahlanganiswa nomngcipheko ophezulu wokukhubazeka kwe-cerebral palsy.
Nangona kunjalo, i-CPD ngokwayo ingabangela ukukhubazeka kwegazi. Ngaloo ndlela, isigqibo sokulawula i-corticosteroids yinkqubo yinkimbinkimbi kwaye yenziwe yipulmologist yezilwanyana.
Umthombo:
I-Rosenberg AA, iGrover T. Iintsana ezisanda kuzalwa. Ku: Hay WW, Jr., Levin MJ, Ukurhoxiswa kweRR, Abzug MJ. eds. UKUPHATHWA KUNYE NESICWANGCISO Nokonyango: Iipilatriki, 22e . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013.