Ipilimumab ivunywe yi-Food and Drug Administration ukuphatha i-melanoma. Ezi ziindaba ezilungileyo kwizigulane, ezange zide zikhethwa zikhetho xa i- melanoma isasaze kwezinye iindawo zomzimba ( isigaba se-IV ).
Yintoni i-Melanoma?
I-Melanoma, uhlobo olubi kakhulu lomhlaza wesikhumba, lukhula kwiiseli (melanocytes) ezivelisa i-melanin - i-pigment enika isikhumba sakho umbala.
I-Melanoma ingenza kwakhona emehlweni akho kwaye, ngokungafaneki, kwizitho zangaphakathi, ezifana namathumbu akho.
I-Ipilumumab isebenza njani?
I-Ipilumumab yintsholongwane yomzimba eyenza umzimba womzimba ukulwa ne-melanoma ngokuvimbela i-molecule ye-cytotoxic T (i-CTLA-4) ye-cytotoxic. I-CTLA-4 yi-molecule kwi-T-seli, uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi elidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni iimpendulo zamasosha omzimba. Ukuba khona kwe-CTLA-4 kuthintela impendulo yesistim somzimba kwisigulo, ngoko ukuvimbela umsebenzi walo kuvuselela isistim somzimba sokulwa ne-melanoma.
Ubungqina Bokuba Ipilumumab Isebenza
Izigigaba ezintathu zezonyango zonyango zibonise ukuba unyango lwelilimumab luphumela kwiminyaka emibini yokusinda kwama-47 ukuya kuma-51 ekhulwini kubantu abanesifo se-melanoma yesigaba III okanye se-IV.
Kuhlolwe kwiimvavanyo eziphambili (isigaba III) ngokwazo kwaye zidibene neigciwane, ezinye i-immunotherapi (njenge-interleukin-2), kunye ne-chemotherapies (njenge-dacarbazine).
Izinga lokuphendula elibanzi liphuma kwi-13 ekhulwini kunye nepilimumab kunye negciwane lokugonya kwizigulane ezineesigaba se-IV ukuya kwi-17 ne-22 ekhulwini kunye nepilimumab kunye ne-dacarbazine okanye i-interleukin-2, ngokulandelanayo, kwizigulane ezinezifo zesifo se-metastatic. Iimpendulo zihlala zihlala ixesha elide, kwaye phakathi kwabo bafumana imiphumo emibi kakhulu, nokuba namazinga aphezulu okuphendula afunyenwe (kufika kuma-36 ekhulwini).
Ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba ngaphezulu kweyesithathu kwezilwanyana eziphathekayo zepilimumab ezine-melanoma eziphambili zifumana inzuzo yokuhlala ixesha elide, ibali eliyimfihlelo eliyinqabileyo ekunyangeni kwesi sifo.
Imiphumo emibi ye-Ipilumumab
Ngokungafani ne- chemotherapy , apho iziphumo zecala zibonakala ngokukhawuleza emva kokuqala unyango, iimiphumo ezichaphazelekayo ezinxulumene ne-ipilimumab ziyahlukahluka, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba isistim somzimba somntu siyahluka ukusuka kumntu ukuya komntu.
Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo zelilimumab zenzeka kwinqanaba lesisu (njengesifo sohudo kunye nokuvuvukala kwekoloni) kunye nesikhumba (njengokugqithisa nokuvuvukala kwesikhumba). Imiphumo engaphantsi kwesiqhelo echaphazelekayo ibandakanya i-hepatitis, ukuvuvukala kwe-pituitary gland (hypophysitis), ukuvutha kweso ( uveitis ), kunye neengxaki zeengso (nephritis). Iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo zenzeka kuma-84 eepesenti zezigulane kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo zinyamekile kwaye zonyango.
> Imithombo:
> Hersh E, Weber J, Powderly J, et al (2009). Ukuphila kwexesha elide kwezigulane (pts) kunye ne-melanoma ephathekayo ephathwa ngelilimumab okanye ngaphandle kwe-dacarbazine. J Clin Oncol 27: 15s (ncedisa;
> ULedezma B (2009). Ipilimumab kwi-melanoma ephakamileyo: Umbono wolondolozo. I-Forum ye-Nursing Forum, 36 (1), 97-104.
> Clinical Mayo. Cancer Cancer.
> INational Cancer Institute. Ipilimumab
> Sarnaik AA, Weber JS (2009). Ukuqhubela phambili ngokusetyenziswa kwe-CTLA-4 yokunyanga kwe-melanoma. IJ.J. 2009 ngoMeyi-Juni; 15 (3): 169-73.