Kwiminyaka emininzi yamuva, uluntu luye lwaba lukhulu nakumaziko okufa nokufa. Kukho izizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo zezi zinto, kodwa bambalwa abaza kuthetha ngolu hlobo loshishino "lokufa" luye lwaba yintengiso kwaye lwenziwa lincinci. Kwinkqubo, abantu baye bahlala bengakhululeki xa becinga ukufa kwabo.
Ukufa kukuyinxalenye yokuphila engenakugwemeka, njengoko uBJ Miller, umlawuli oyintloko weProjekthi yeZen Hospice eSan Francisco, wabonisa ngentsholongwane yakhe inkulumo ekhuthazayo ye-TED ka-2015.
UBJ Miller ukhuthaza indlela ejoliswe ngumntu ekunyamekelweni, ngokugxininisa kwintlalo kunye nentuthuzelo kunokuba "ugula," apho kunendawo yokufuna, ukudala kunye nokunciphisa ubunzima obungadingekile.
Ukufa akufanele kubonwa njengento yokugqibela yobomi bomntu. Ukufa akuyona nto yokunyamezela ngokuthula kunye nokuzihlukanisa. Abantu kufuneka baxhaswe njengoko behamba kweli nqanaba lobomi. Uninzi ithemba lokuba le nkqubo iya kuba ngokwemiqathango yayo, ngesidima, uthando kunye nentlonipho. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwezibhedlele eziya kwizigulane eziseduze nokuphela kobomi aziklanyelwe ukuxhasa ukunakekelwa kokunyamekela. Ukongezelela, abantu abaninzi bafuna ukukhetha indawo kunye nendlela abafa ngayo, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo oku akukho kwisibhedlele.
Itheknoloji yezobugcisa beDitragram ngoku ibonelela ngezisombululo ezinokuphucula umgangatho wokunakekelwa kokuphela kobomi.
Ukuphuculwa koNxibelelwano kunye noXhobo
Iziko lezeMpilo (IOM) libika ukuba abantu abasondela ekupheleni kobomi babo bavame ukubonwa kunye nezibhedlele kwiindawo ezininzi zokunakekelwa kwempilo.
Ngako oko, kubalulekile ukuba ulwazi lwabo lwezempilo lukwabelane ngokufanelekileyo kwaye luhanjiswe phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kokunyamekela. Iirekhodi zempilo ze-elektroniki (EHR) ezingenakwenzekayo kunye nezinye iinkqubo zezempilo zedijithali zinokuxhasa le nkqubo kunye nokuphucula unxibelelwano phakathi kwabaqeqeshi abahlukeneyo, ukunciphisa ukulibaziseka kunye nezimpendulo zenkonzo ezikhuselekayo.
I-EHR iyakwazi ukunxibelelana nomnqweno womntu, kunye nokuba yinxalenye yocwangciso lwazo lokunyamekela. Ukufikelela okulula kwisifiso somguli kuqinisekisa ukuba umntu osondele ekupheleni kokuphila (xa engeke akwazi ukwenza izigqibo aphinde afikelele) ufumana unyameko obonakalisa oko akukhethiweyo ngaphambili.
Enye into ebalulekileyo yokunyamekela ngokunyanisekileyo kukunxibelelana ngokubambisana kunye nokwabelana ngeemvakalelo. Abantu abaninzi, kubandakanywa nabaqeqeshi bempilo, abazizwa bekhululekile okanye abanakho ukuxoxa ngezinto ezinzima zokuba zikhona kunye nomntu ofa kunye / okanye amalungu abo entsapho. Impilo yeDijar ingenza izixhobo zokuqeqesha eziza kufundisa nokukhokela zombini unonophelo kunye nesigulane ngokusebenzisa iingxoxo ezinzima. Ekubeni izigulane kunye nabanononophelo bavame ukuziva bexakeke, iiplani zezentlalo ziveza amathuba okuxhuma kunye nokuxhasana, kokubili ngokwasemzimbeni nasekunikeni ulwazi kunye nemfundo. Amacandelo enkxaso yokunyamezela abagugu aya kuba yimihlali yesigulane esiphezulu kwi-intanethi, enokuba luncedo kakhulu kubantu abanokuthi bavalelwe kwiibhedi zabo. ISikole sokuPhathwa kweNkathazo yokuPhatha (CAPC) idibanisa i-hub ye-intanethi yokunakekelwa kokunakekelwa kwezinto ezintsha kunye nophuhliso. I-website yabo inikeza izixhobo zokuqeqesha kunye nezifundo, amathuba okubambisana nabaqeqeshi belizwe lonke, kunye nokuncediswa kobugcisa.
Bazama ukuxhasa ukunakekelwa kwamanyathelo kunoma yimuphi umgangatho wokunakekelwa kwempilo kwaye banikeze iinkcukacha ezimalinganisiweyo kunye nokunika ingxelo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokunyamekela.
Unonophelo loLuntu
Ezinye iingxoxo kunye neemviwo ziyakwenziwa ngokukude. Xa esondela ekupheleni kobomi, umntu uvame ukubandakanyeka kweqela elincinci lokunakekelwa kwamathambo, elinokubandakanya ukuhanjiswa kwekhaya kunye nezibhedlele ezininzi.
Ukunciphisa ukungakhululeki-kwaye mhlawumbi kungadingekile-ukuhamba nohanjiso, ngoku kunokwenzeka ukugqiba intsebenziswano malunga nobumfihlo kunye nentuthuzelo yendlu yakho ngokusebenzisa i-teleconferencing.
I-Telehospice ichazwe ngokuthi "umda omtsha weenkonzo zokunakekelwa kwee-telehealth." Unxibelelwano olude njengomnxeba okanye kwiinkomfa zevidiyo lungasetyenziselwa ukwenza ezinye iinkonzo ezaziza kufuna ukutyelela esibhedlele. Oku kwongeza inqanaba elitsha kwiinkonzo zokunyamekela. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba kukho imigaqo engundoqo, engeyiyo ingavumelekanga isigulane, umongikazi angabafundisa abanakekeli bekhaya ngokusebenzisa ingxoxo yevidiyo nendlela yokwenza umsebenzi.
Izikhundla zokusebenzela i-telehealth nazo zicatshulwa zizigulane ezithintekayo ezihlala kwiindawo ezikude. Ezi zixhobo ziyakwazi ukulinganisa iimpawu ezibalulekileyo kwaye zithumele ukufundwa kumongikazi, ngoko ke izigulane ziyakwazi ukuhlolwa ngokuqhubekayo phakathi kotyelelo lomntu ngaphandle kwesibhedlele. I-Hospitals kaZwelonke kunye neNkathalo yokuNakekela i-Palliative Care (i-NHPCO) sele ikhuphe iphepha elichaza indlela efanelekileyo yokusebenzisa i-telehealth. I-NHPCO izame ukuqikelela ezininzi iinzuzo zokufumana i-telehealth kwiinkathalo zokunyamezela, kuquka ukufikelela okuphuculweyo kunye nomgangatho, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Nangona kunjalo, baqonda ezinye zeengxaki, ezifana nemicimbi yezemali, ukungabikho kwemigaqo-nkqubo ehambelanisiweyo kunye nokufumaneka okukhawulezileyo kwabasebenzi be-telehealth inkxaso. Ukulungelelwa kwabasebenzi kuye kwaba ngumqobo kwaye ukufunyanwa kwamasevisi azinzileyo kuye kwacotha kwiindawo ezininzi. Uphononongo lweembono zeekliniki kwinkqubo ye-telehealth ekunyamekelweni koluntu, oluqhutywe nguDkt. Aileen Collier oye waba ngumhlengikazi ozinyamekayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, wabonisa ukuba iziseko ezinokuthenjwa kunye nenkxaso yobuchwepheshe kubalulekile ukuthotyelwa. Kwakhona, iiklinikhi zibika ukuba zibona i-telehealth njengendlela yokwandisa inkonzo yabo, kodwa kungekhona nje ukuba ithathe indawo yokubonisana ubuso nobuso.
I-Telehealth iye yaqatshelwa njengento ebalulekileyo kwindlela yokukhathalela abantwana. Iingcali ezininzi zikubona njengendlela enomdla wokufikelela kwiintsapho ezihlala kwiindawo ezikude kwaye zihlelelekile kwindawo yazo. Izibhedlele ezisebenzisa inkqubo ye-telehealth zichaza imiba emininzi enokuxutyushwa ngexesha lokubonisana ngevidiyo, umzekelo, ukulawulwa kwezimpawu, intlalo yengqondo, kunye nezicwangciso zexakeka. Iingxaki ezinokuthi zibe ziingxaki ezinkulu ngenxa yokungahambi kakuhle kokuqonda.
I-teknoloji yedijithali ingakwazi ukuhambisa ezinye iinkathalo kunye nenkxaso yabantu abayifunayo kwiintsuku zabo zokugqibela ngendlela engacabangiyo. Ingabancedisa abantu kwisigaba sokugqibela sobomi, kunye neentsapho zabo kunye nabanakekeli, kunye nokuphuhliswa okongezelelweyo okumele kulindeleke kule nkalo kwixesha elizayo. I-teknoloji yeDijithali ayinakwenzeka ukuba ithathe indawo ebalulekileyo yoluntu lokunyamekela, kodwa kunokukhulula izibonelelo ukwenzela ukuba abanonophelo kunye nezigulane zijolise ngakumbi kwizinto ezibaluleke ngokwenene, loo mntu.
> Imithombo
> Armfield N, Young J, Young J, et al. Icala le-telehealth yasekhaya elisemakhaya kwinkathalo yokunyamekela abantwana: ukuhlolwa okucwangcisiweyo. Uncedo lweBMC . 2013; 12-24
> IBhishophu L, Flick T, Wildman V. Uchungechunge lwezinto zokunakekelwa kwezinto ezinomxholo: Iindlela ezilungileyo zokusebenzisa i-telehealth ngokunyamekela. 2015. I-Hospice kaZwelonke kunye neNkcazo yokuNakekela iNkcazo
> Bradford N, Armfield N, Smith A, Young J, Herbert A. I-telehealth yasekhaya kunye nokunyamekela ngokunyamekela: I-Clinic ingcinga yintoni esivimbayo? . Uncedo lweBMC . 2014; 13 (1); 29
> I-collier A, i-Swetenham K, i-T, iCorrow D, i-Tieman J, noMorgan D. Ukuphunyezwa kweprogram ye-telehealth yokulandelelanisa ekunakekeleni koluntu: Ukufundwa kwekhwalithi yembono. I-Medicinal Palliative .2016; 30 (4): 409-417
> Iziko lezeMpilo. Ukufa eMelika: Ukuphucula umgangatho kunye nokuhlonipha okukhethwa ngabanye ekupheleni kobomi . 2014.