Ukunyakaza okuqhelekileyo kuxhomekeke ekuqhelelaneni kokuxilongwa komzimba omnye kunye nokuphumla komnye. Ngokomzekelo, i-biceps yakho iyancipha ingalo yakho kwaye i-triceps yakho iyakwandisa. Ukuba zombini i-triceps yakho kunye ne-biceps inkontileka ngexesha elifanayo, ixesha leengalo kodwa alihambanga. Enyanisweni, ukuba inkontileka yemisipha kunye kunye nokungenzi, ingxenye yomzimba inokuguquka ibe yinto engavamile.
Oku kwenzekayo kwi-dystonia.
I-Dystonia inokuchaphazela nayiphi na inxalenye yomzimba, kubandakanywa iingalo, imilenze, i-trunk, intamo, iinkophe okanye ubuso. Enye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo ze-dystonia yinto yokubhala yombhali, echaphazela isandla xa ubhala. Lo ngumzekelo we-dystonia ethile-msebenzi, kodwa i-dystonia ingenzeka nanini na. Ingaba yimizuzu emfutshane, igcinwe, isiqulatho, okanye inqabileyo. Njengengxaki ezininzi zeengxaki zegazi, i-dystonia ibuhlungu kakhulu ngenxa yoxinzelelo okanye ukukhathala.
Ukunceda ukunyanga i-dystonia, kunceda ukuhlukanisa ingxaki. Kukho iindlela eziliqela zokubeka i-dystonia, kubandakanywa nobudala bokusabalalisa, ukusabalalisa umzimba, imbangela ye-dystonia, kunye ne-genetics.
Ubudala bokuqala
Xa umntu oneminyaka engaphantsi kweminyaka engama-26 anesifo se-dystonia, oku kuthethwa ukuba kusemva kokuqala. Ngoxa singayazi isizathu sokuba, i-dystonia yokuqala iqala ukuqala ngaphezulu kwimilenze kunezixhobo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, imbangela yendalo.
Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-26, i-dystonia iyaxhaphaka entanyeni nasezingxeni kunemilenze.
Esikhundleni sokubangela i-genetic kubangelwa, i-dystonia kubantu abadala bahlala bexhamla kunye okanye kubangelwa ezinye iimeko, nangona i-dystonia yezizathu ezingaziwayo isoloko iqhubeka.
Ngokomzekelo, enye yezona zizathu eziqhelekileyo ze-dystonia yindlela yokusabela ngayo kwiyeza ezifana ne- Reglan , esetyenziswa ekuphatheni iingxaki zesisu.
Ezinye iziphazamiso zenkqubo ye-nervous central ziba zixhaphake njengoko sikhula, kwaye zingakhokelela kwi-dystonia. Imizekelo ibandakanya isifo sika-Parkinson , ukulimala kwengqondo, okanye ukubetha .
Ukusasazwa kweBhodi
I-Dystonia inokuphinda ihlelwe ngokwabiwa komzimba. Mhlawumbi oqhelekileyo ugxile kwi-dystonia, oku kuthetha ukuba inxalenye yodwa yomzimba ichaphazelekayo, njengokwesikhala somlobi.
Iingcali ze-neurologists zinamagama akhethekileyo kwezinye iintlobo eziqhelekileyo ze-dystonia. Ngokomzekelo, i-dystonia ephazamisayo entanyeni ibizwa ngokuthi i-torticollis, kunye ne-dystonia yeentsipheko kuthiwa yi-blepharospasm.
Kwi-dystonia yecandelo, imimandla yomzimba emibini ixhunyelelana komnye nomnye ichaphazelekayo, kwaye kwi-multitifocal dystonia, imimandla emibini engahambelaniyo iyimidaka.
E-hemidystonia, isiqingatha somzimba siyachaphazeleka. Ekugqibeleni, kwi-dystonia jikelele, zombini imilenze kunye ubuncinane enye inxalenye yomzimba iyindida. Oku kungabonakalisa ingxaki yesifo somzimba, okanye ukuba kwenzeka njalo kanye, kusenokuba sisiphumo sempendulo yonyango.
Izizathu zeDystonia
Kwi-dystonia eprayimari, akukho nto eyenziwa yingozi okanye isifo. I-dystonia ingakho ngenxa yokuguquka kwemfuyo, njengokwenza kwi-DYT1 idiopathic torsion dystonia, okanye mhlawumbi ngenxa yezinye izizathu ezingaziwa.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeendystonia.
Into eqhelekileyo yi-DYT1, eqala kwingalo nasemlenzeni uneminyaka engama-13. Amashumi asixhenxe anesibhozo ekhulwini kwelo xesha, iqhubela phambili kwi-dystonia ephezulu. Ezinye iintlobo ze-dystonia zezofuzo ziqhelekanga, kubandakanywa nesifo sikaLubag, isifo seSegawa kunye nokunye. Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-dystonia lunempawu ezahlukileyo. Ngokomzekelo, i-Lubag syndrome ichaphazela kakhulu amadoda. I-dystonia ye-Segawa syndrome inempawu ezixhalabisayo ebusuku kwaye ziphendule kakuhle kwiyeza levodopa eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa ekuphatheni isifo sika-Parkinson.
Kwi-dystonia yesibini, i-dystonia ibangelwa uhlobo oluthile lomonakalo kwinkqubo yesantya, njengokwenzakalisa ukulimala, okanye umphumo wecawa .
Izifo ezingenayo i-neurodeergenerative, njengesifo sika-Parkinson, isifo sikaWilson, isifo sikaHuntington kunye nezinye iingxaki zemitochondrial zingakhokelela kwi-dystonia.
Ngamanye amaxesha, akukho sizathu salo dystonia sitholakala. Oku akuthethi ukuba i-dystonia ayikwazi ukuphathwa, nangona kunjalo. Ulwaphulo lwezonyango , imilomo yomlomo kunye nejoyiweyo, kwaye ukhetho olunjengefuthe lobuchopho olunzulu lunokuba luncedo. Kwiimeko ezininzi ze-dystonia ezibangelwa yimpembelelo yecala, i-Benadryl elula inokusombulula ingxaki. Ngeendlela ezininzi zokwenza unyango olukhoyo, kubalulekile ukuba abantu abane-dystonia babone ochwepheshe bezonyango ukuze bancede uncedo.
Imithombo:
I-Breakefield XO, iGazi AJ, Li Y, Hallett M, Hanson PI, iStandaert DG. I-pathophysiological siseko ye-dystonias.Nat Rev Neurosci. 2008 Mar; 9 (3): 222-34.
I-Carbon M, i-Eidelberg D. Ulwalamano olungaqhelekanga-olusebenzayo ubudlelwane kwi-dystonia yelifa. Neuroscience. 2009 Nov 24; 164 (1): 220-9. Epub 2009 Jan 1.
Fuchs T, Ozelius LJ. Genetics of dystonia. Semin Neurol. NgoNovemba 2011; 31 (5): 441-8. Epub 2012 Jan 21.
Ozelius LJ, uBressman SB. Iimpawu ze-Genetic kunye neekliniki ze-torsion yokuqala yedystonia. Neurobiol Dis. NgoNovemba 2011; 42 (2): 127-35. Epub ngo-2010, Dec 17.