I-lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) engapheliyo yindlela eqhelekileyo ye- leukemia kubantu abadala kumazwe aseNtshona. Kuyenzeka xa kukho umonakalo kwizinto eziyimfuza (ukuguquka) kwiseli eyayinokuqulunqa ibe yintsholongwane yamagazi emhlophe ebizwa nge-lymphocyte.
I-CLL ihlukile kunezinye iintlobo ze-leukemia kuba ukuguqulwa kwemfuzo kungekudala nje ukudala ukukhula okungalawulwayo kwe-lymphocytes kwimnkantsha, kodwa kubangele nakwiiseli ezingalandeli umzekelo oqhelekileyo wokufa kweselfowuni.
Oku kukhokelela kwinani elongeziweyo le-CLL lymphocyte egazini.
Kwiimeko ezingama-95% ze-CLL eNtshona, uhlobo lwe-lymphocyte echaphazelekayo yi-B-lymphocyte (B-cell CLL). I-T-cell CLL ixhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo zaseJapan kwaye i-akhawunti kuphela malunga nama-5% amacala e-US
I-lymphocytes engavamile kwi-leukemia engapheliyo ikhula ngakumbi kuneleyo ibonwa kwi-leukemia ephawulekayo. Ngenxa yokuba bekhulile, banako ukwenza imisebenzi emininzi ye-lymphocytes. Ngenxa yoko, i-leukemia engapheliyo ingakwazi ukunyanga ingaphendulwanga ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba isiguli sibone iimpawu.
Kukho amaxesha apho umntu onempilo enokuba ne-high lymphocyte count, kwaye oku akuthethi ukuba bane-leukemia. Ezi iiseli zokulwa nosuleleko ngokuqhelekileyo ziya kwizinga eliphezulu lokuvelisa ngexesha lokugula. Kwimeko ye-CLL, ukwanda kwe-lymphocyte enye i-overproduction enye (kuxhomekeke apho ukuguqulwa kofuzo kwenzeka khona) kwaye iiseli, ngelixa zikhulile, zibonisa iimpawu ezingavamile.
Umsebenzi obalulekileyo we-lymphocytes ephilileyo kwi-body ukuvelisa i-immunoglobulins, eziyi-proteins ezikunceda ukulwa nesifo. Kwi-CLL, i-lymphocytes engavumelekanga ayikwazi ukuvelisa i-immunoglobulins (okanye "i-antibodies") esebenzayo ngokufanelekileyo kwaye inokuthintela i-lymphocyte engenayo umdlavuza ukuba ivelise ama-antibodies asebenzayo.
Ngenxa yoko, abantu abane-CLL bahlala befumana izifo ezithintekayo rhoqo.
Izimpawu kunye neMpawu
Kwezinye izigulane, i-CLL ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye imiqondiso ingabonakala ingabonakali. Nangona inani le-lymphocytes lifikelela kumazinga aphezulu egazini, ayisoloko echaphazela ukuveliswa kwezinye iintlobo zeeseli zegazi ezifana neeseli ezibomvu kunye neeplatelet.
Izigulane ezineentlobo ezinobundlobongela be-CLL okanye abo banezifo eziphambili kakhulu zingabonisa iimpawu zomthwalo kwimveliso yomnatha weethambo zezinye iintlobo zeeseli kunye neempawu ezinxulumene neellidi ezandisiweyo.
Izigulane ze-CLL zi no kuziva:
- Ukuhla ukusinda
- Ngokuqhelekileyo "ukungavumi"
- Ukukhupha ebusuku
- Uvakalelo olukhatywayo olungenakuphulukana nokulala ubusuku obuhle
- I-lymph nodes
- Ukusulela rhoqo
- Ubunzima obuvela kwingcinezelo yamalungu e- lymph awandisiweyo kwizitho ezijikelezileyo
- Iingxaki zokuhlamba
Ezi zibonakaliso zingabonakalisa ukuba ezinye izimo ezinzulu. Ukuba ukhathazekile malunga naluphi na utshintsho kwimpilo yakho, kufuneka ufune ukukhokelwa ngugqirha wakho.
Ngaba i-CLL iLukemia okanye iLymphoma?
I-leukemia ye-Lymphocytic kunye ne-lymphoma zivela xa i-lymphocytes ikhula ngendlela engalawulekiyo. Zombini iimeko zikwazi ukuvuvukala kwee-lymph nodes kwaye zombini zingabonisa i-lymphocytes excessive kwigazi.
Enyanisweni, umahluko phakathi kwezi zifo zibini ngokuyinhloko kwigama kuphela.
Isigulane sitsho ukuba sibe ne-CLL xa zine-lymphocytes ezingaphezulu kwi-circulation kunye ne-inflammation. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izigulane ezineenkcukacha ezandisiweyo kakhulu, kodwa kufutshane neeseti eziqhelekileyo ezimhlophe egazini zichazwe njengento encinci lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), uhlobo lwe-non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, imiqathango yeCLL kunye ne-SLL isetyenziswa ngokungafaniyo njengoko isisifo esifanayo esifakwe ngendlela eyahlukileyo.
Izinto zobungozi
I-CLL ivame ukuba ne-leukemia yabantu abadala, abaneminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
Amaphesenti angama-90 abantu abafumene i-CLL baneminyaka engama-40.
Ngokufanayo nezinye iintlobo ze-leukemia, izazinzulu azizi nto ezibangele i-CLL, kodwa kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezibonakala zibeka abanye abantu emngciphekweni ophezulu wokuphuhlisa:
- Ukubonakaliswa kwamachiza athile anetyhefu, afana ne-pesticides kunye ne-herbicides
- Ukusuleleka kwiibhaktheriya ezithile okanye iintsholongwane ezifana ne- T- T- lymphocytotropic virus (HTLV-1)
- Ukuba nesihlobo sokuqala, njengesizalwana, kunye ne-CLL sinokunyusa umngcipheko ngamathathu amaxesha amane
Ngokungafani nezinye iintlobo ze-leukemia, ukuvezwa kwimizila engabonakali kuyingozi.
Nangona le miba inokunyusa amathuba omntu wokufumana i-CLL, abaninzi abantu abaneengxaki ze-risk will never get leukemia, kwaye abaninzi abane-leukemia abanalo mingcipheko.
Ukuyifumanisa
I-CLL iyenzeka xa umonakalo kwi-DNA yeseli ibangela ukuphindaphinda okungalawulwayo kunye nokugqithisa kwe-lymphocytes. Oku kuya kukhokelela kwinani eliphakamileyo le-lymphocytes ekuhambeni, okungekho nako ukuqokelela kwi-lymph nodes. Kwiimeko ezininzi, abantu abane-CLL baya kubonisa iimpawu ezimbalwa njengoko eso sifo sinokuphuza ukuphucula.
Imithombo:
I-Chirorazzi, N., uRai, K., i-Ferrarini, uM. "Indlela yokugula: I-Lymphocytic Leukemia." I- New England Journal of Medicine 2005; 352: 804-15.
Lin, T., Byrd, J. "I-Lymphocytic Leukemia kunye ne-Leukemias echaphazelekayo echaphazelekayo" e-Chang, A., Hayes, D. Pass, H. et al. eds. (2006) I- Oncology: Indlela eSebenzisiweyo -Sekelwe kwi- Springer: eNew York. iphe. 1210- 1228.
Hillman, R., Ault, K. (2002) I- Hematology kwi-Clinical Practice 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill: eNew York.
I-Zent, C., Kay, N. "I-Lymphocytic Leukemia engapheliyo: i-Biology kunye neNyango yangoku . 9: 345-352.