Nantsi kutheni izinga eliphezulu okanye eliphantsi le-sodium luyinto enkulu.
I-electrolytes yomzimba wethu yinto ebonakalayo ebalulekileyo ebomini. Ziyasichaphazela kwiindlela ezinzulu. Yonke into esuka kwisizukulwana senjini yamandla esisigxina kumbane wesigulane, kwisisu somzimba wethu kwisigxina senhliziyo yethu, kunye nokunye, kuxhomekeke kwi-electrolytes njenge-sodium, i-potassium, i-calcium, i-magnesium kunye nabanye abakwibala elithile (kwaye Ndacinga ukuba i-electrolyte into oyithathayo ukukhupha i-cramp!).
Enyanisweni, ubomi njengoko siyazi, akuyi kuba khona ngaphandle kwezi zinto eziyingxenye ebalulekileyo ye-physiology yethu.
Makhe sijonge kwintsimi enzulu ukuze siqonde ukuba kutheni ubukho bethu bungeke kwenzeke ngaphandle kwezi electrolytes. Ezi zinto zibonakala zilula ziyi-bridge edibanisa nathi ekuzalweni kwendalo yonke. Udidekile? Ewe, nantsi inkcazelo elula. Oko sikubiza ngokuthi i-electrolytes zizinto eziphambili (njenge-sodium, potassium, okanye i-magnesium) eyavela ngexesha lokuntla kwendalo yonke.
Ngokomzekelo, i-magnesium yenziwe nge-nyukliya ye-kromoni kwienkwenkwezi. Ekugqibeleni, xa inkwenkwezi yaqhuma ibe yinto enkulu enkulu ye-nova, i-magnesium isasazeka kwi-Universe nakwi-physiology yethu. Ewe, kukho inqabana yethu sonke! Xa umbhali wasePersi wenkulungwane yeshumi le-13, uRumi udume ngokubhaliweyo, "siza ukuphahlazeka, sichitha iinkwenkwezi njengothuli", wayeyinxalenye yinyaniso.
I-Electrolytes kunye neentso
Makhe sihlolisise i-electrolytes kunye neengxaki zabo kwiindlela ezingaphezulu. I-Electrolyte engaqhelekanga ixhaphake kakhulu kwisifo seengtso ngenxa yesinye isizathu esilula- yiyo iinjongo ezineendima ephambili ekugcineni amanqanaba aqhelekileyo amaninzi e-electrolytes .
Ngako oko, ezi ziqhelo zibangelwa ngumsebenzi ongaqhelekanga wenkohlakalo , kunokuba kubangelwe isizathu.
Amabini aphantsi kwaye aphezulu a-electrolytes angabonakala xa izintso zingasebenzi, kodwa zinokubangela ezininzi izizathu ezingekho ngqo. Iinkcukacha ezigqityiweyo zonke izizathu ezinokwenzeka kunye nokunyanga kwazo ziphela ngaphaya kweli nqaku. Nangona kunjalo, nantsi ngcaciso emfutshane malunga nemiba enxulumene namanqanaba engavamile.
I-Hyponatremia: I-State of Low Sodium Level
Ngokuqhelekileyo, izinga le-sodium egazini elingaphantsi kwama-135 meq / L lithathwa ngokungavamile, kwaye libizwa ngokuba yi-hyponatremia. Iimbali ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zezinga le-sodium egazini, (a) isixa sodium kwigazi, kunye (b) nomlinganiselo wamanzi egazini. Kwiintsholongwane ezininzi uthi, izinga le-sodium ephantsi aliyona ingxaki yokungabikho kwe-sodium, kodwa ngokwenene amanzi angaphezu kwexabiso le-sodium (eliphelisa ngokukhawuleza umxube we-sodium).
Khumbula, xa silinganisela izinga le-sodium egazini, akusiyo ixabiso elipheleleyo le-sodium, kodwa ngokwenene ingqwalaselo esibheke kuyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba umxholo wamanzi wegazi uya kuba nefuthe lokuxinwa kwe-sodium ngokunjalo. Ukuqonda le ngcamango kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba kutheni i-sodium iwela kwisifo esithile, kwaye kutheni ukuba unyango alisoloko "lutya ityuwa / sodium."
Ezinye zezizathu eziqhelekileyo zamanqanaba e-sodium aphantsi zilandelayo (oku akukho uluhlu olupheleleyo):
- Ukwenyuka kwe-sodium egazini : Oku kungenzeka kwi-diarrhea, ukuhlanza, ukujuluka okugqithiseleyo, njl njl. Oku kudlalwa kwiimgijimi ezide xa ukulahleka kwe-sodium kwisithukuthezi kuqhutyelwa ngakumbi ngokubanjwa komlomo ngamanzi nje ngaphandle kweryuwa, ukukhulisa ukuhla kwe sodium. Oku kunokwenzeka kwiimeko ezigqithiseleyo kubangele kwimiphumo ebungozi yobomi kubandakanya ukuxhwala.
- Amanqanaba angaphezu kwemithombo : Ezi ziza kubandakanya ukungaphumeleli kwenhliziyo, isifo se-cirrhosis, kunye nokungaphumeleli kwezintso eziphambili.
- I-SIADH : Oku kubhekisela kwi-syndrome ye-hormone ye-antidiuretic. ADH, okanye i-AntiDiuretic Hormone yi-hormone eveliswa yi-hypothalamus engqondweni, kwaye ilawula umlinganiselo wamanzi agcinwe yizintso. Xa kuveliswa i-ADH ephezulu ngokweqile, kuya kubangela izinga le-sodium egazini ukuhla.
- Iibangela zeHormon : iqondo lezantsi le-thyroid, okanye i-hypothyroidism, ukungakwazi ukuzaliseka
- Amazwe apho ukungena kwamanzi okugqithiseleyo kungabangela umba : Oku kungabangelwa yi-polydipsia ephambili, apho ukungenisa kwamanzi ngokweqile kuya kunciphisa i-sodium egazini, okubangela ukuba utywala ngamanzi. Isimo esifanayo sinokudalwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanani amaninzi ebhiya, okubizwa ngokuthi "i-potomania yobhiya".
Unyango lwe-Hyponatremia
Xa izinga le-sodium eliphantsi liqinisekisiwe ekuhlolweni kwegazi, unyango luya kuxhomekeka kwiyiphi imbangela ye-sodium ephantsi, kwaye nokuba kwakhawuleze kangakanani. Ngokomzekelo, kwimeko yamanzi amaninzi emzimbeni (njengokwehluleka kwentliziyo yesifo okanye i-SIADH), ukuthintela kwamanzi okanye izicwangciso ezijoliswe ekukhuthazeni ukuphuma kwamanzi emzimbeni kusekwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwiindawo apho kukho intsalela yelyuwa / sodium emzimbeni, ukutshintsha i-sodium ngohlobo lweetyule zetyuwa okanye njengenxalenye ye-IV fluids. Ukulungiswa okukhawulezayo kunokuba yingozi, ngakumbi xa i-hyponatremia iye yaqhubeka isikhashana.
I-Hypernatremia: I-Case of High Sodium Level
Izinga legazi le-sodium eliphakamileyo kune-145 meq / L libhekiswa ngokuthi "hypernatremia". Isizathu esona siqhelo se-hypernatremia kukuphakama kwi-sodium eyenziwe ngenxa yokungabi namanzi . Ngenxa yoko, izifo zichaphazelekayo kunye nokunyuka kwamanzi emzimbeni (njenge-diabetes insipidus, ukusetyenziswa kwesifo se-diuretics, isifo sohudo njl.) Kunokubangela i-hypernatremia. Umntu oqhelekileyo uqala ukufumana unxano olunzulu lokoma xa amazinga e-sodium eqala ukunyuka egazini. Ngethuba nje ukuba banokufikelela emanzini, izinga le-sodium kufuneka lihla. Nangona kunjalo ingxaki xa abantu bengenawo amanzi, okanye xa belahlekelwa amanzi amaninzi kwiintyo okanye emathunjini, okanye ukuba abanako ukoma (njengokuba kunokwenzeka kwizigulane ezigugile). Ekubeni uninzi lwe-hypernatremia luchaphazela ukungcola, ukucwangciswa kocwangciso kubandakanya ukuphathwa kwamanzi e-Rich flu, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngomlomo.
Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziqhelekileyo zezinga le-sodium ephezulu egazini:
- Ukulahlekelwa ngokugqithiseleyo kwamanzi kwesikhumba, njengoko kunokuvela kwi-sweating sweating or burns
- Ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi kwi-gut / irhudo
- Isifo sikashukela se-insipidus, kwimeko apho amanzi amaninzi alahlekelwa khona emthini
- Ukungakwazi ukunxanwa ngenxa yeengxaki ezithile kwinxalenye ethile yengqondo elawula ukoma (ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypothalamus)
- Ukugqithisa i-sodium okanye ityhefu yetyuwa: Oku kunokwenzeka ngokulawulwa ngokukhawuleza kwe-saline egciniweyo kwiigulane apho i-saline "hypertonic" egxininisiweyo inikwe (umzekelo, kwiimeko zokulimala kwentloko). Iimali ezinkulu zetyuwa zingenakho ukukhokelela kule nto ngokunjalo. Enyanisweni, ityuwa inokungena ngaphakathi kwesikhumba kwiintsana, into ebonwa njengengxube yenkcubeko ye "salting" eyenziwa kwiindawo zaseTurkey.
Iyiphi Impembelelo I-Sodium ephakamileyo okanye ephantsi?
Iimpawu zamanqanaba e-sodium ezingavamile zixhomekeke kubukhulu bezinto ezingaqhelekanga, kunye nokukhawuleza kokuphuhliswa kwayo. Ziyakwazi ukususela kwiimpawu ezinzima ezinjengeentloko, ezinzima kakhulu ezinjengezinto ezingaqhelekanga, iintlanzi, ukutshintsha kweengcamango zentliziyo, njl njl. Inkcenkceshe eyoyikisayo yezinga eliphezulu le-sodium ingozi yokubamba. Ngoko ke, unyango olufanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
> Imithombo:
> Halawa I, Andersson T, uTomson T., i-Hyponatremia kunye nobungozi bokuthintela: ukufundwa kwe-cross-sectional study. Epilepsia. 2011 Feb; 52 (2): 410-3. i-doi: 10.1111 / j.1528-1167.2010.02939.x. Epub 2011 Jan 26.
> Sanghvi SR, Kellerman PS, Nanovic L, Poterania yaseBheri: Isizathu esingaqhelekanga se-Hyponatremia kwiNgcipheko ephezulu yeengxaki ezivela kwi- AJKD, ngo- Okthobha 2007I-Aolk 50, I-4, iphepha 673-680.
> I-Syndrome ye-hydial anti-hormone secretion, i-medlineplus.gov, ehlaziywa ngo-Oktobha 2015.