Akuyena wonke umntu ofumana iimpawu ezifanayo zokuhlaselwa kwe-macular. Abanye abantu bafumana iimpawu ezinzima kakhulu kunye nokulahleka kweso sono xa kuthelekiswa nabanye. Nangona kunokwenzeka ukuba kugcinwe kumbono oqhelekileyo kwiminyaka nangona unobungozi obuninzi, isifo seso sithathwa njengenyusa phambili kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo siba nzima nakwixesha.
Uninzi lweempawu azibangeli naziphi na iintlungu.
Ngenxa yokuba umngcipheko weengxaki zamehlo, kubandakanya i-AMD, ukwanda emva kweminyaka engama-40, kubalulekile ukuba ube nokuhlolwa okujongeyo kwamehlo ngonyaka.
Iimpawu ezixakekileyo
Ukulahleka kombono kwimeko yokuqala ye-macular degeneration ihamba kancane kangangokuba abantu abaninzi abakuboni. Njengoko eso sifo siyaqhubeka, kukho ukulahleka okanye ukuguquka kombono ophakathi, nangona umbono wesiphelo ungatshintshi.
Ugqirha wakho angakubona ubukho be-macular degeneration ngaphambi kokuba uhlakulele iimpawu ezibonakalayo zesifo. Kwizigaba zalo zokuqala, ugqirha wakho unokufumanisa i-deposit okanye i-deposit deposits kwi-retina yakho. Ngamanye amaxesha utshintsho lombala lungenzeka ngaphakathi kwe-macula.
Iimpawu zokuqala
Ukulahleka kombono kwiimeko ezininzi ze-macular degeneration ihamba kancane. Enyanisweni, uninzi lwabantu aluqapheli nayiphi na impawu de isifo siphumelele kakhulu.
Ekuqaleni, imifanekiso eqhelekileyo ibonakala icacile kwaye ibukhali ngokuphindaphindiweyo ibuhlungu.
Njengoko eso sifo siyaqhubeka siphazamisekile, sikhuliswe, sinamafu, simnyama okanye simnyama. U no kwenzeka:
- Ukuphazamiseka kokubonakalayo (imigca eqondileyo ibonakala ifakwe)
- Umbono ophakathi owenziwe kumbono omnye okanye zombini
- Isidingo sokuba ukhanyise xa ufunda okanye usebenza kufuphi nomsebenzi
- Ubunzima ukulungelelanisa kumanqanaba aphantsi okukhanya, afana nokungena kwigumbi elityhilekileyo
- Ukuqhathaniswa kwamagama aphrintiweyo
- Ubunzulu obukhulu okanye ukukhanya kwembala
- Ubunzima bokubona ubuso
Iimpawu eziPhambili
Njengoko iimpawu ziqhubela phambili, umbono unokuba lubi kakhulu, mhlawumbi unokuchaphazela amandla akho okwenza izinto ezifana nokufunda, ukuqhuba nokuqonda ubuso. Iimpawu zingabandakanya ukudlwengula okukhulu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha indawo ephosakeleyo phakathi kwembono wakho. Indawo ephosakeleyo ingaqhubeka ikhula kwaye ibumnyama. Imisebenzi eninzi efana nokufunda nokubhala iya kuba nzima nakakhulu. Kwezinye iimeko zokuhlaselwa kwe-macular ephezulu, umbono ungasilahleka ngokugqithiseleyo ngexesha kunye nokungafihli ngokusisigxina.
Iintlobo ze-AMD
I-AMD yahlula zibe zimbini iintlobo, "zome" kwaye "zimanzi," ngefomu elomileyo elenza ama-90 ekhulwini lamatyala.
- I-AMD eyomileyo: Ingxenye ye-macula iyancipha ngobuncinane kunye neincinci ezincinci zeprotheyini ezenziwe ngeepids ezibizwa ngokuba yi-drusen. Umbono ophakathi ulahleka ngokukhawuleza. I-macular degermation eyomileyo ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-non-exudative macular degeneration.
- I-AMD emanzi: Iimitsha ezitsha zegazi zikhula phantsi kwe-retina. Ezi nqanawa zingaphalaza igazi okanye ezinye izifo zamanzi, ezibangela ukonakala kwe-macula. Ukulahleka kombono kuninzi kakhulu. Ukuchithwa kwamanzi amaninzi kubhekiselwa ekungabikho kokuxhamla kwe-macular.
Nini ukubona iDokotela
Ukuba unenkqubela yentsapho ye-macular degeneration, ngokukodwa ngokulahlekelwa kombono omkhulu, kucetyiswa kakhulu ukuba kulungiswe iimviwo zamehlo zonyango.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba kufuneka ube noviwo olubanzi kunye nokuhlengahlengiswa komfundi, kwaye kungekhona umboniso olula owenziwe ngugqirha wakho wokunyamekela. Ezi ziviwo ziyakwenziwa ngumntu optometrist okanye ophthalmologist.
Kwakhona, ukutshaya kunye neentsholongwane zesifo senhliziyo kukunyusa ingozi yokuphuhlisa eso sifo. Ukuba uneminye yale miqathango, qiniseka ukuba ubeka iso isohlo lwakho kwishedyuli ngonyaka.
Ekubeni i-macular degeneration ingaqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kwezinye iimeko, zibiza ngokugqithiseleyo ugqirha wakho wezilwanyana xa ubona naluphi na utshintsho olulandelayo:
- Ulahlekelwe ngokukhawuleza, ngokukhawuleza kombono.
- Uyabona into entsha okanye engumnyama phakathi kwembono yakho.
- Imigca echanekileyo ibonakala i-wavy okanye iphihliweyo, okanye izinto ziqala ukutshintsha ubukhulu okanye ukuma okanye zivele ziphazamiseke.
- Uyabona enye yezi zinto zilandelayo kwi grid ye-Amsler: imigca eguquka okanye ibonakale i-wavy kwaye iphihliweyo, okanye indawo engenanto engayifumanga ngaphambili kwirejista.
Ezinye iintlobo ze-macular degeneration zingathuthuka ngokukhawuleza kodwa zingaphendula unyango xa zibanjwe ngexesha. Jonga ugqirha wezilanga lakho xa ubona naziphi na ezi zilandelayo:
- Utshintsho kumbono wakho ophakathi
- Ukunciphisa ukukwazi kwakho ukubona imibala kunye neenkcukacha ezilungileyo
Olu tshintsho lunokuba luphawu lokuqala lwenkunkuma ye-macular, ingakumbi xa uneminyaka engama-50. Kubalulekile xa uhlola umboniso wakho ekhaya ukujonga iliso ngalinye ngokuzimela. Gubungela iliso elinye uze ukhangele elinye iliso uze wenze enye. Ukuba uhlola rhoqo, kuya kuba lula ukuphawula utshintsho oluthile.
Umthombo:
Boyd, Kierstan. "Kuyini ukuhlaziywa kwe-Macular?" I-American Academy ye-Ophthalmology (AAO). 1 Matshi 2017.