I-Botulism ayinayo intsholongwane, kodwa yinto yokuxhatshazwa kwaye idla ngokudityaniswa nokutya okunesondlo. I-Botulism ingaqala ngeempawu ezingavamile, ezifana nekhosidi ye-droopy, kodwa ingaqhubeka kwaye ibangele iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu, ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla.
Izizathu zeBotism
I-toxin ye-Botulinum ibopha kwindawo encinane phakathi kwentsholongwane kunye nesisundu, ukuthintela inzwa ukuba ingathumeli umyalezo kwisistim esifanayo.
Xa iimbilini zingakwazi ukuthumela umyalezo ukuhambisa isisipha ukuba ihambe, i-muscle iyakhubazeka kwiintsholongwane ze-botulism.
Ibhaktheriya inokuvelisa inani elikhulu le-toxin ye-botulinum, enokuthi isasazeke kuwo wonke umzimba, iphazamise izihlunu ezininzi ngexesha.
Ibhaktheriya ebangela ukuba i-botulism ikwazi ukuphumelela ngokutya okusemathinini. Iibhaktheriya zihlala phezu kweso siqhamo esingenagwele kunye nemifuno, kwaye bancitshiswa kakhulu ukuba baphile xa behlaselwa kwi-acidity okanye ukushisa okukhulu.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukutya okusemathinini okulungiselelwe ekhaya ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iindlela ezikhuselekileyo zokucubungela kwingozi enkulu. Kodwa kukho ukuqubuka kwe-botulism ehambelana nokutya okusemgangathweni nakumashishini nakwiindawo ezikhuphisayo, nangona ezi ziqhambukayo zimbalwa kwaye ziphakathi.
Xa ukutya okunomsoco kubonakala kwi-oksijini ngokusebenzisa i-toit okanye umgodi omncinci kwi-can, le nto inokuvumela ukuba iibhaktheriya zikhule. Ukuba unako ukutya okubonakala kubonakaliswe okanye unesimo esingavunyelwanga okanye ubonisa iimpawu okanye ukungcola kwamanzi okanye ukungcola kakubi, kukukhuselekile ukulahla inkunkuma kunye nokutya ngaphakathi kuyo, kuba ukutya ukutya kunokubangela ukuba i-botulism okanye enye isifo uhlobo lotyhefu lokutya.
Izimpawu kunye neMpawu
I-Botulism ibangelwa uhlobo lwebhakteria olubizwa ngeClostridium botulinum kwaye lunokubangelwa yi-bacterium ebizwa ngokuthi iClostridium butyricum neClostridium baratii . Ezi bhaktheriya zivelisa i-toxin ebizwa ngokuba yi-botulinum toxin ephazamisa izidumbu ezithile kunye neentsholongwane, ezibangela ukuba kukho nayiphi na impawu yeempawu kunye neempawu ezilandelayo:
- Ikhofidi ye Droopy
- Umbono ombini
- Umbono ongezantsi
- Ubuso beDoopy
- Umlomo omile
- Intetho edibeneyo
- Ingxaki yokugwinya
- Ubuthakathaka obuthathaka
- Ukuphefumla
- Iipilpitations zesifuba
Ukuba ufumana okanye ugcine iimpawu ze-botulism, kufuneka ufune unyango ngokukhawuleza. Ibhaktheriya ezithathelwanayo ezenza ukuba i-botulism ikhuphe i-toxin engakhokelela ngokukhawuleza yingozi yokukhubazeka, emva koko yinkathazo ngakumbi kwaye kunzima ukuyifumana. Ukungatshatyalaliswa kwe-botulism kunokuba kubulawe.
Ukuxilongwa
I-Botulism ayiyona imeko yonyango eqhelekileyo, kodwa xa ufumana ubuso, ubuthakathaka kwamehlo okanye emlonyeni, iqela lakho lezonyango liya kwenza uvavanyo olwenziwe ngokusemgangathweni ukuze lubone isizathu sokuba ubuthathaka bakho. Unokufuna ukuba unyango lusetyenziswe ngokusetyenzwa koogqirha bakho ngaphambi kokuba ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswe kunye novavanyo lwebhubhoratri. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukuxilongwa kwebhubhoratri ye-botulism kuthatha iintsuku eziliqela, kwaye unyango kufuneka luqaliswe kungekudala kunokuba ludlule.
Uvavanyo lweMouse
Uvavanyo olunokukuncedisa okanye oluqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-botulism lubizwa ngokuba yi-inoculation test. Uvavanyo lwe-inoculation lwe mouse luquka ukujoba inani elincinci legazi kumntu onokuthi abe ne-botulism ibe yimpom kunye nokufaka into encinci yegazi lomntu kwenye enye imouse esele igonywe ngokubhekiselele kwi-botulism, ukugcina iziphumo.
Ukuba kuphela imouse engagonywanga ibonisa iimpawu ze-botulism, ngoko uvavanyo lukhomba ukuxilongwa kwe-botulism.
Enye inkcazo yemvavanyo ye-inoculation yemouse ibandakanya ukujova kwesigulane sesigulane kwisigxina kunye nejoyi ye-antitoxin ephathekayo ephathekayo ibe yinye imouse ukuze ibone umehluko kwimiphumo phakathi kwegundane. Ukuba imouse injected nge-serum rhoqo ibonisa iimpawu ze-botulism, ngelixa i-mouse injected anti-toxin ephathwayo i-serum ayibonisi iimpawu, uvavanyo lukhomba ukuxilongwa kwe-botulism.
Nangona kunjalo, kunikezelwe ukuba kukho ii-24-48 ngeyure yewindow ye-inoculation kwimiphumo yokuvavanya i-inoculation ukuba ibonakale, ukuba kukho ukukrokrala okuqinileyo kwe-botulism, unyango kunye ne-antitoxin luqaliswa ngaphambi kweziphumo zokuvavanya.
Okwangoku, ukujonga okufutshane iimpawu ezifana nobuthathaka nokukwazi ukuphefumula kubonwa njengento ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni unyango lwakho kunye nenkxaso.
Unyango lwe-Botulism
Akunakho unyango lwekhaya lwe-botulism.
Kukho imishanguzo ye-botulism kwaye kukho unyango lweengxaki ze-botulism. Amachiza e-botulism aquka i-antitoxin echaphazela iziphumo zentsholongwane ye-bhakteria. I-antitoxin isebenza ngokubophezela kwi-toxin ye-botulin, eyenziwa yi-bhakteria, kwaye ngokuthintela ukuba i-toxin iphazamise izihlunu.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba usulelekile kwaye uqhubela phambili kwi-botulism, kunye ne-toxin, usebenza ngokusesikweni kwiimisipha zakho ukuba uzikhubekise, ngoko unokuba nobuthathaka. Ngokuxhomekeka kububungqina bakho obuthathaka, ungadinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha eziphambili, ezifana nenkxaso yokuphefumula ngoncedo lwefriji eyanceda ukufudumala emoyeni nasemzimbeni wakho xa uhlaziya kwisifo sobungozi.
Ngaba i-Botulism iyafana neBotox?
Ewe, i-toxin efanayo eyenza ukukhubazeka kwesisipha ekudleni ukutya okungahlambulukanga kuyasetyenziswa ngamabomu ukwenzela ukukhusela okwenkcenkcesha kwemibhobho , ukukhusela imithi yesisu kunye nokunciphisa ukuqina komzimba . Nangona akuqhelekanga, iisisiti ze-botulinum ye-botinum yezizathu zonyango okanye izimonyo zingabangela ukukhubazeka okungafunekiyo ukuhamba kwamehlo okanye imisipha yomzimba, ngokuqhelekileyo yesikhashana.
Ukulimala kweBululism
Kukho olunye uhlobo lwe-botulism olubangela iimpawu ezifanayo kodwa aluhambisani nokutyhelwa kokutya. Amanxeba angaphinde ahlaselwe yi-bhakteria, ekhokelela ekubeni i-botulism. Oku kuqhelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-IV, kwaye olu hlobo lwe-botulism lunokuphathwa kunye ne-antitoxin kunye nenkxaso yonyango yokuphefumla.
ILizwi
Uninzi lwabantu luvile ukuba akukhuselekanga ukutya ukutya okuvela kwintlanzi okanye kuvuza. I-Botulism enye yeentlobo zokutya ezityhefu ezinxulumene nokutya okunamafutha angcolileyo. Kubalulekile ukulahla iikhomsi zokutya kunye nokusebenzisa iindlela ezikhuselekileyo xa ikhaya likhangela ukutya ukuze kukhusele ukungcola.
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba wena okanye omnye umntu unokufumana iimpawu ze-botulism, kubalulekile ukufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza.
> Umthombo:
> Ukutya kwe-botulism yokutya-uphuhliso lwempilo yoluntu olutsha, iMezencev R, uKlement C, Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol. 2017 Ubusika; 66 (1): 39-48.
> Clostridium, Peptostreptococcus, Bacteroides, kunye namanye ama-Anaerobes. Ku: URyan KJ, uRay C. eds. I-Sherris Medical Microbiology, 6e eNew York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2014.
> Ikhaya leKhaya. Zikhusele kwi-Botulism. www.cdc.gov.