Ngaphandle kwe potassium, asikwazi ukuhlala. I-electrolyte ijongene nenani lemisebenzi ebalulekileyo yobomi. Akukhona nje kuphela i-potassium enoxanduva lokulawula ukulinganisela kwamanzi emzimbeni, igcina intliziyo igxuma, i-muscular contracting, i-digesting gut, kunye neentsholongwane zakho zokudubula.
Oko kwathiwa, into eninzi into enokuyingozi. I-potassium ephakamileyo, eyaziwa ngamachiza ebizwa ngokuba yi- hyperkalemia , i-laboratory eqhelekileyo.
Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa xa amanqanaba egazi aphezulu kunama-5.0 mEq / L. Okuthakazelisayo kukuba abaninzi abantu abafumani naziphi iimpawu ezivela kuyo. Xa besenza, loo mpawu ihlala ilula kwaye ingabonakali, kuquka izikhalazo eziqhelekileyo ezifana nokukhathala kunye nobuthathaka obubanzi.
Uninzi lwabantu alukwazi ngakumbi malunga neempawu ukuya kwinqanaba le-potassium lifikelela kwi-7.0 mEq / L okanye ngaphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu zenzeke kumanqanaba aphantsi ukuba izinga le potassium linyuka ngokukhawuleza. Gcina iliso kwiimpawu.
Iimpawu ze-Neurologic
Ngokuqhelekileyo, kukho enye i-potassium ngaphakathi kunye ne-sodium ngaphandle kweseli esinikiweyo. Lo mgca we-electrolytes unceda ukuqhuba ipompo ye-sodium-potassium ATPase efunekayo ukucima isenzo esinakho. Ngaphandle kwesenzo esingaba nakho, inzwa ayikwazi ukuvelisa umtsalane.
I-potassium eninzi ngaphandle kweseli iyatshintsha i-gradient ye-electrolyte ukwenzela ukuba isenzo esinokuthi siphumelele ukuqala kwaye, kwimeko enzima kakhulu, akunakwenzeka.
Xa kuziwa kumathambo, oku kunokuchaphazela ngokukhawuleza ukuba iimpendulo zakho ziphendule okanye nokuba ziphelile njani iziphelo zakho zentlungu.
Ngenxa yoko, iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-hyperkalemia ziquka:
- Iingcamango eziphantsi
- Ukulinganisa
- Ubungqina (obunqabileyo)
Iimpawu zeMisculoskeletal
Amagulane, ngokubhekiselele, angakhuthaza iintambo ze-muscle-inhliziyo, i-skeletal, okanye i-smooth-to contract.
Ukuba i-potassium inokuchaphazela inokwenzeka yento, ngokusesikweni kuchaphazela nomsebenzi we-muscle.
Izihlunu ze-squelet, ezibizwa ngokuba zizihlunu ezixubileyo, zizihlunu ezinamathanjeni akho. Ziyakuvumela ukuba uhambise iingalo zakho nemilenze kunye nezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho. Isisundu esingenayo imiphumo yesibindi sinokuba nexesha elinzima lokuthengisa okanye lingabuthathaka.
Izimpawu ze-musculoskeletal hyperkalemia zingaquka:
- Ubuthakathaka obuthathaka
- Ukukhubazeka (okungaqhelekanga)
I-hyperkalemic yokukhubazeka kwentsapho yindoda yokukhubazeka yimizimba yonyango ezuze ilifa elibeka abantu emngciphekweni ophezulu kwezi ntlobo zempawu. Nangona kunjalo, loo mqathango ayinqabile, ichaphazela kuphela 1 kwi-200,000 yabantu.
GI Iimpawu
Iimpawu zomsila ezinomxholo we-GI phecana kwaye kuyimfuneko ukuqhubela ukutya kwi-oophagus yakho yonke indlela ngokusebenzisa ikholoni kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi- peristalsis . Xa amazinga e-potassium aphakamileyo, ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha ephosakeleyo kungabuthathaka kakhulu ukulungelelanisa ukuhamba ngokuhamba phambili ngephepha le-GI. Oku kunokukhokelela kwisicongconi, ukuhlanza kunye nokwakhiwa kwegesi esiswini.
Izimpawu zesisu zomzimba ze-hyperkalemia zingaquka:
Izimpawu Zeenhliziyo
Intliziyo iqhuba iimpawu phakathi kweeseli ezibizwa ngokuthi i-myocytes.
Amanyathelo okusebenza ayadingeka ukuthumela iimpembelelo ezizenzekelayo kwiimyocytes ezigcina intliziyo yakho ibetha.
Xa izinga legazi le-potassium liphezulu kakhulu, iinqhephu zentliziyo ingabi namandla ngokukhawuleza ukupompa igazi elaneleyo entliziyweni kwinkohlakalo kunye nezinye izitho. Inqanaba lentliziyo linokuthi linciphise ukusuka ekubanjweni kokubambezeleka kwezenzo ezinokwenzeka.
Ngaloo ndlela, izitho zentliziyo ezingavamile ziyakhula. Ngokuxhomekeke kwi-arrhythmia, le nto ingaba yingozi yokuphila.
Iimpawu ze-cardiac ze-hyperkalemia zingaquka:
- Iqondo lentliziyo elincinci
- Iipilpitations kunye ne-cardiac arrhythmia
- Iintlungu zesifuba
- Ukubanjwa kweenqwelo-malava (okungaqhelekanga)
Nini ukubona iDokotela
Khumbula ukuba abaninzi abantu ababa nempawu kuze kube yilapho izinga labo le-potassium lingaphezulu kwe-7.0 mEq / L. Ukuba uhlakulela nayiphina impawu elapha ngasentla, ngokukodwa kwiinkqubo zomzimba ezahlukeneyo, unokuba namazinga aphezulu kakhulu e-potassium.
Uyakhuthazwa ukuba usebenze kwaye uqhagamshelane nogqirha wakho ukuvavanya. Ininzi yexesha i-hyperkalemia ifunyanwa ngengozi emsebenzini wegazi . Kwimeko apho, ugqirha wakho unokuphinda aphinde iilabhu zakho kunye nokulandelelana nazo naziphi na iimvavanyo eziyimfuneko.
> Imithombo:
> Karmacharya P, Poudel DR, Pathak R, Rettew A, Alweis R. Acute Hyperkalemia Ehamba phambili kwi-Flaccid Paralysis: Ukuhlaziywa kweMiboniso ye-Hyperkalemic. J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect. 2015; 5 (3): 10.3402 / jchimp.v5.27993.
> Lewis JL. Hyperkalemia. I-Merck Manual: I-Professional Version. Ukuhlaziywa ngo-Apreli 2016. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/endocrine-and-metabolic-disorders/electrolyte-disorders/hyperkalemia.
> INtaba iDB. Ukubonakaliswa kwezonyango ze-Hyperkalemia kwiBantu abadala. Ku: Ifom JP (ed), UpToDate (Intanethi) , i-Waltham, MA. Ukuhlaziywa ngoFebruwari 2018.
> Parham WA, Mehdirad AA, Biermann KM, uFredman CS. Hyperkalemia Ukuhlaziywa kwakhona. I-Tex Heart Inst J. 2006; 33 (1): 40-47. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1413606/.