Xa sicinga ngezinto ezibangelwa yi-asthma , ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza kwezinye iingxaki zonyango akuqhelekanga ukuba zifike engqondweni. Ngokuqhelekileyo, amayeza anceda iimeko zomntu zonyango-azibabi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho amanye amayeza umntu angathatha oku angonakalisa iimpawu ze-asthma, okanye enze ezinye iimpawu zokuphefumula ezifana nokukhwehlela. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba uxelele ugqirha ngamnye onokuphatha nge-asthma yakho kunye nezinye iingxaki zonyango.
Beta-Blockers
I-Beta-blockers aqhelekileyo asetyenziswa ngamayeza kunyango lwegazi eliphezulu, i-arrhythmias yenhliziyo kunye nokuthintelwa kwe-headaches migraine. Ziye zisetyenzisiwe kwifom ye-eye-drop for the treatment of glaucoma. I-Beta-blockers isebenza kwiindawo ezithile ezifumanekayo kwizitho ezahlukeneyo kuwo wonke umzimba ngenxa yokunciphisa izinga lentliziyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye "nomsebenzi wepompo" yentliziyo. Ngelishwa, i-beta-blockers inefuthe eliphambene nomphunga okwenziwa yi-albuterol, kwaye kunokubangela ukunyanzeliswa kwezihlunu ngeenxa zonke. Oku kwaye kwabikwa ngokusetyenziswa kwamaconsi esiso se-beta-blocker.
Ngoxa i-beta-blockers entsha inokuthi isebenze entliziyweni (ebizwa ngokuthi "i-cardio-specific"), abantu abadala be-beta-blockers bayaziwa ngokugqithiseleyo iimpawu ze-asthma. Kwezinye iimeko, umntu onesifo se-asthma unesidingo esibi kakhulu se-beta-blocker. Ukuba ngaba kunjalo, umntu kufuneka acele ugqirha wakhe ngenguqu ekhethekileyo ye-cardio-beta-blocker.
Ukuba iimpawu ze-asthma zisagqithisa, imichiza ekhuselweyo neempembelelo ze-anticholinergic, njenge-ipratropium (i-Atrovent HFA) okanye i-tiotropium (Spiriva), inokuba luncedo ukulwa nale ngxaki.
I-Aspirin ne-Aspirin-njengamayeza
I-Aspirin kunye namayeza anxulumene nawo, abizwa ngamachiza angenayo i-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs), aqhelekileyo amayeza asetyenziselwa unyango lweentlungu ezidibeneyo kunye neentlungu kunye nokuvuvukala, intloko, umkhuhlane, kunye nezidakamizwa zokulwa nokukhuselwa kwentliziyo.
Ii-NSAID zifumaneka kwiindlela ezininzi ngaphaya kwe-counter kunye ne-odokotela. Abanye abantu baneempembelelo ezichasayo kwi-NSAID , ezinokubangela ukugqithisa ukugqithiseleka kweempawu zokugula kunye ne-asthma, okanye i-urticaria / angioedema okanye ne-anaphylaxis. Phantse i-10% yabantu abane-asthma bangakwazi ukufumana iimpawu ze-asthma ezibuhlungu ngenxa yokuthatha ii-NSAID; oku kunyuka kuya kuma-40% abantu abane-asthma xa kukho iipolps zangasese .
Xa kukho enye into efunekayo kwi-NSAID, abantu abaninzi abane-NSAID-mpendulo bangakwazi ukunyamezela i-acetaminophen (iTylenol). Ukuba kukho iyeza elinamandla elinemiphumo engaphezulu yokuvuvukala iyadingeka, i-celecoxib (i-Celebrex) iyakunyamezela ngabantu abaninzi (kodwa bonke abantu) abane-NSAID.
I-Angiotensin Ukuguqula i-Enzyme Inhibitors (i-ACE Inhibitors)
I-ACE inhibitors aqhelekileyo asetyenziswe amayeza okonyango lwegazi eliphezulu kunye nokuhluleka kwentliziyo. Iifomu eziqhelekileyo ze-generic-brand ziquka i-lisinopril, i-ramipril kunye nezinye iifom eziphelela kwiileta "pril." Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu baneempembelelo zokuphefumula ezivela kulolu klasi lweyeza, malunga ne-10% ephethe ukukhwehlela. Esi sikhohlela sinokuphosakeka ngokusondeza i-asthma okanye ezinye izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokukhwehlela . Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukukhwehlela kuya kuhamba phakathi kweeveki ezimbalwa zokumisa i-ACE inhibitor.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukukhwehlela kunzima, okanye i-ACE inhibitor ayinakuvalwa, i-cromolyn (Intal) okanye i-nedocromil (i-Tilade) inokubangela ukuba inokubaluleka ukuphatha i-ACE inhibitor.
Umthombo:
Amachiza aqhelekileyo anokuba neempembelelo eziphambili. Iingxaki zoLwandle kunye neengxaki ze-Asthma. Yowusika 2009/2010. I-American Academy ye-Allergy, i-Asthma kunye ne-Immunology Website.