Indlela uMthetho wezeMpilo waseMerika oLawula ngayo uMrhumo weMpilo
Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala kunye nalabo abanokukhubazeka abathile bathembele kwi-Medicare kwiimfuno zabo zonyango. Abaninzi babo bahlawula ilungelo ngelixa lentlawulo. Funda ukuqonda ukuba yintoni na irhafu eyasetyenziswa ukuxhasa i-Medicare, obahlawulelayo, nendlela abasebenza ngayo. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, uMthetho weMpilo weMpilo yaseMerika wawuya kutshintsha njani ukuhlawula kwakho kwipokethi kwiRhafu yeRedare?
Indlela yoNcedo lweMali-mboleko
I-Medicare idilizwe kwiindawo ezine: Icandelo le-inshurensi yesibhedlele , iNgxenye B yomshuwalense we-inshurensi , iNgxenye C ye-Medicare Benevantage coverage , kunye neCandelo D.
Imirhumo ehlawulwa kwi-federal government ifakwe kwi-Medicare Trust Fund, esetyenziselwa ukuxhasa iNgxenye ye-A kuphela. Oku akubandakanyi nje kuphela ukunakekelwa esibhedlele esibhedlele kodwa ezinye iinkonzo ezinjenge- hospice , ukunakekelwa kweziko lononophelo, kunye nokunakekelwa kwezempilo ekhaya.
Iiprayimari zenyanga zingasetyenziselwa ukuxhasa i-Medicare Part A, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo uthetha, bambalwa abantu ababahlawulayo. Oku kungenxa yokuba iiproyamu zikhululekile kunoma ubani osebenze iigumbi ezingama-40 okanye ngaphezulu kwi-Medicare-efanelekayo yengqesho , oko kuthetha ukuba sele sele bakhokhe iholo elifanelekileyo lentela. Abantu abasebenza ngaphantsi kweekota ezingama-40 baya kuhlawula iiprayimari zenyanga zongezwa kwi-Medicare Trust Fund.
Ngo-2017, abantu abasebenza phakathi kwee-30 ne-39 kwikota kwi-Medicare-yerhafu yengqesho baya kuhlawula i-$ 227 ngeenyanga kwiiprayimari zeCandelo A, ngelixa abo basebenza ngaphantsi kweekota ezingama-30 baya kuhlawula i-$ 413.
Iimpawu ze-Medicare B ngokusebenzisa iD ziyaxhaswa ngokusisiseko ngeeprayimari zakho zenyanga. Ngokungafani neCandelo A, wonke umntu uhlawula i-premium yenyanga yale nkonzo. Abanye benu, nangona kunjalo, baya kuhlawula ngakumbi ngakumbi ngokusekelwe kwinqanaba lakho lentlawulo.
Imali-ehambelana neNyanga yokuHlaziywa kweNyanga (IRMAA)
Imali ehambelana neNyanga yokuHlaziywa kweNyanga (IRMAA) ayikho irhafu nganye, kodwa yintlawulo eyongeziweyo uya kuhlawula iNgxenye B kunye / okanye i-D ukuba ingeniso yakho ingaphezulu kwezinga elithile.
Iimali ziya ngqo kwi-Medicare, kungekhona kwinkampani yomshuwalense yabucala abaxhasayo isicwangciso sakho seMedare, kwaye iya kusekelwe kwingeniso yakho epheleleyo eguqulwayo okanye i-MAGI.
Ingeniso yakho ephezulu isekelwe kwimvuzo wakho (kubandakanywa namacebiso), inzuzo evela kumashishini / utyalo-mali, inzuzo efunyenweyo, inzuzo yokungasebenzi kunye ne-alimony. "Ulungelelaniso" kusekelwe nasiphi na isaphulelo esivunyiweyo se-IRS onokuyenza, umzekelo, iindleko ezivela kwi-IRA iminikelo yomdla wemali mboleko. Ixabiso "liguqulwa" ngokungongeza nayiphi na ingeniso yemali engenayo yentlawulo. Urhulumente wephondo usetyenzise i-MAGI ukujonga ukuba uza kuhlawula phi iirhafu, kwaye ukuba ufanelekile kwiMediicaid , izikwere zerhafu, okanye ezinye izibonelelo ezixhaswe ngu-federal.
Ngeenjongo ze-Medicare, i-MAGI isetyenziselwa ukuchonga ukuba uya kuhlawula i-IRMAA. Abantu bafake i-$ 85,000 okanye ngaphantsi kweentlawulo zabo zerhafu, okanye izibini ezitshatileyo zifakela i-$ 170,000 okanye ngaphantsi, aziyi kuhlawula i-IRMAA. Ukuba ufumana ngaphezulu kwezi nqanaba, uza kuhlawuliswa ngaphezulu.
Ngo-2017, i-Medicare Part B IRMAA i-$ 53.30, i-$ 133.90, i-$ 214.30, kunye ne-294.60 ngeenyanga njengoko ungena kwiibhanki eziphezulu. Kwi-Medicare Part D, i-IRMAA i-$ 13.30, i-$ 34.20, i-$ 55.20 kunye ne-$ 76.20 ngenyanga.
Amabhanki angeniso afanelekileyo ye-IRMAA aqala kwi-$ 85,001- $ 107,000 kwiifayili ezingatshatanga kunye ne-$ 170,001 ukuya kwi-214,000 yezigidi zeefayile ezihlangeneyo.
Ziya phezulu kwi-214,000 kunye ne-428,000 yee-fayili ngokulandelanayo.
Ngengxelo, iNgxenye B IRMAA yaqaliswa ngumthetho we-Congressional ngo-2007, kunye neCandelo D IRMAA ngo-2011 njengenxalenye yoMthetho woNonophelo olungabonakaliyo, aka-Obamacare .
I-Medicare Tax
I-Medicare Tax ivela ngo-1966 kwaye isetyenziswe kwingeniso yakho efunyenweyo, nciphisa nayiphi na inyanzeliso ye-premium yempilo ehlawulwa ngumqeshi okanye enye inqununu yentlawulo engaphambili. Ayisebenzisi kwimali eyinzuzo kunye neminye imali engenayo. Imali evela kule rhafu iya ngqo ngqo kwi-Medicare Trust Fund.
Ingakanani uhlawula irhafu kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho yengqesho.
Abantu abaqashiweyo baya kuhlawula isahlulo seRadio yerhafu, kwaye le mali iya kuncitshiswa ngqo kwi-paycheck yakho. Oku kungenxa yokuba umqeshi wakho ukhokhela umahluko.
Abo baqeshwe ngabasebenzi bayafuneka ukuba bahlawule imali epheleleyo ye-Medicare yentlawulo, yomrhumo womqeshwa kunye nomqeshi. Kulindeleke ukuba abaqeshwe ngabanye bahlawule irhafu yerhafu kwikarhulumente okanye mhlawumbi bajongane nezohlwayo.
Ngowe-1966, iRhafu yeRedare yaqala ngezinga elincinci le-0.7 ekhulwini. Namhlanje, irhafu yerhafu iyenyuka ibe ngama-2.9 ekhulwini.
Ukuba uqeshiwe, uya kuhlawula kuphela i-1,45 pesenti kwaye umqeshi wakho uhlawule igalelo le-1,45 elicwangcisiweyo. Ukuba usebenza ngokuzimeleyo, unembopheleleko yezinga elipheleleyo leepesenti 2.9.
I-Supplementary Medicare Tax
Ukuba ufumana ngaphezulu, uya kuhlawula ngaphezulu.
Umthetho ononophelo loNonophelo weNtlawulo wongezwa ngeRhafu yoLongezelelo lwezeMveliso eyongezelelwa okokuqala ngoJanuwari 2013. Wabathintela abo bafumana ngaphezu kwamazinga e-MAGI alandelayo.
- Umntu oyedwa okanye intloko yendlu - $ 200,000
- Ukutshata okutshatileyo ngokubambisana - $ 250,000
- Ukutshata ngokufakela ngokwahlukileyo - $ 125,000
- Umhlolokazi ofanelekileyo (er) nomntwana oxhomekeke kuye-$ 200,000
Nayiphi na ingeniso ngaphezu kwezi mali iya kuhlawulwa i-0.9 ekhulwini kwiirhafu zeMedare. Ngokungafani neRhafu yeMveli yeRhafu, eli rhafu lihlawulwa ngokupheleleyo ngumqeshwa. Umqeshi akenzi mnikelo.
Umzekelo, umntu ongasebenziyo ofumana i-$ 250,000 ngonyaka uya kuhlawula i-1,45 ekhulwini kwiRhafu ye-Medicare kwi-$ 200,000 yokuqala, kodwa i-tax rate engama-2.35 (i-1,45 ekhulwini + i-0.9 ekhulwini) kwi-$ 50,000 esele. Umqeshi uya kuqhubeka nokuhlawula i-1,45 pesenti ngenani elipheleleyo lemali engenayo.
Ukuba usebenza ngokuzimeleyo, uza kuhlawula i-rate engama-2.9 epesenti yentlawulo ye-Medicare kwiphina ingeniso engaphantsi kwemali yokugcina umyinge kunye neRhafu yoLongezelelweyo yerhafu ye-3.8 ekhulwini (2.9 ekhulwini kwi-0.9 ekhulwini) kuyo nayiphina ingeniso ngaphezu komda.
Intlawulo yeNgeniso yeNgeniso
Olunye irhafu longezwe nguMthetho woKhathalelo ongenakunqwenelekayo yiNtlawulo yeNgeniso yeNgeniso yeNtengo (iNIIT), eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Surtax yeNzuzo ye-Medicine Contribution. Isebenza kubantu abafumana ngaphaya kwamazinga e-MAGI alandelayo kunye nabaneniso-mali:
- Umntu oyedwa okanye intloko yendlu - $ 200,000
- Ukutshata okutshatileyo ngokubambisana - $ 250,000
- Ukutshata ngokufakela ngokwahlukileyo - $ 125,000
- Umhlolokazi ofanelekileyo (er) nomntwana oxhomekeke kuye-$ 250,000
Okubalulekileyo, ngowama-3.8 ekhulwini Ierhafu zonyango ezisetyenzisiweyo kwingeniso yakho yentengo. Oku kungabandakanya ukuhlawula okuthile, ukuzuza kweenkunzi, izabelo, ingeniso yerenti, kunye nemivuzo. I-NIIT ayisebenzisi ngokukodwa kwimvuzo, ingeniso yokufumana umsebenzi, i-alimony, ipensheni, ukunikezelwa kweakhawunti yomhlala-phantsi, iintlawulo zeNtlalo, inzala, okanye inzuzo yokungasebenzi.
I-Supplementary Medicare Tax eyongezelelweyo ihlukile kwi-NIT ngenxa yokuba ayisebenzi kwinzuzo ye-investment net. Nangona kunjalo, ii-IRS zithetha ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba unokujamelana neerhafu zombini.
Uya kuhlawulwa irhafu kwi-NIIT esekelwe kwinani elingaphantsi lentlawulo yakho yentengo-mali okanye imali ogqithisa ngayo umgca we-MAGI.
Indlela uMthetho wezeMpilo waseMelika owawuya kuguqula ngayo iRhafuare yentlawulo
Iinguqu zokuqala ze-American Health Care Act (AHCA), kamva zibizwa ngokuba nguMthetho woLungelelwaniso loNxibelelwano loNgcono (BCRA), olujoliswe ekunciphiseni irhafu ye-Medicare ngokususa iRhafu yeeMali kunye noNgeniso lweNtlawulo yeNgeniso. Oku kwaphakamisa ingxoxo enkulu malunga nekhefu zerhafu.
I-Komiti edibeneyo yokuThathulwa kweMali yokuRhafiswa kweRhafu iya kunciphisa imali engenayo ye-federal revenue by $ 117 billion ngonyaka we-2026. Ngama-dollar ambalwa afika kwi-Medicare Trust Fund, i- Medicare iya kuchitha imali yayo ngo-2025 , iminyaka emithathu ngaphambi kokulindelwe. Oku kuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo kwi-Care Affordable Care Act okwenene kwandisa intetho ye-Medicare ngeminyaka eyi-11.
Iingxelo zezemali zibonisa nokuba uninzi lwabantu baseMerika abanakwenzeka ukuba bazuze kule ntlawulo yerhafu. Enyanisweni, ama-million afumana iipesenti ezingama-79 zazo zonke iintlawulo zerhafu. Ngo-2025, iindleko zemali ziza kuxhamla ngokulinganiselwa kwemali engama-$ 50,000 ngonyaka, ama-multi-millioneire ukuya kuma-250,000 ngonyaka ngonyaka, kunye nabafundi abaphezulu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-7 ngonyaka.
Abantu abafumana imali engaphantsi kweedola ezingama-200,000 okanye abafazi abatshatileyo abangaphantsi kwamaRandi 250,000 abayi kubona inguqu kwiirhafu zabo.
Enyanisweni, kungekuphela nje abahlali abaphantsi kunye nabangaphakathi abaya kuhlawula irhafu ngelixa elifanayo, kodwa amaninzi amaninzi aya kubhatala intlawulo engaphantsi kwelaseMerika abafumana ngaphantsi kunabo. Oku kungenxa yokuba abatyebi bafumana inxalenye enkulu yeedola zabo ngokwemali engenayo irhafu. Ekubeni loo nxalenye yengeniso ayayi kuphinda ihlawulwe i-NIT, banako ukuvuna imivuzo emikhulu.
Njengokuba okokuqala, uMthetho wezeMpilo waseMelika / uMthetho wokuNxibelelana kweNtsebenzo oNgcono wawuya kubangela ukuba abantu baseMelika bathathwe ngokungafanelekileyo ngenkqubela ukunciphisa i-Medicare, inkqubo yokunakekelwa kwempilo efunekayo kubantu bethu abadala kunye nabagulayo. NgoJulayi 13, 2017, ekuphenduleni isikhalazo esidlangalaleni, i-GOP ikhishwe inguqulelo entsha yoMthetho woNxibelelwano wokuThuthukiswa koLondolozo olungcono owamisa ukukrazula ezi ntlawulo. Ekugqibeleni, umthetho awuzange udluliselwe.
ILizwi
Ukuxhaswa ngemali kwinkqubo yokunakekelwa kwempilo kwintlangano yezempilo iza kwixabiso-elifanelekileyo elifanelekileyo kuzo zonke izakhiwo zalo. Iirhafu zonyango ziye zaqala ukususela ngo-1966 kunye neerhafu ezingongeziweyo zongezwa ngaphezu kweminyaka. Injongo yayikunyusa imali kwi-Medicare nokuvumela abaseMerika ukuba banikele ngeendlela zabo.
> Imithombo:
> I-HI 01101.020 I-IRMAA i-Sliding Scale Tables. Iwebhusayithi yoLawulo loKhuseleko loLuntu. https://secure.ssa.gov/poms.nsf/lnx/0601101020. Ukuhlaziywa ngoNovemba 23, 2016.
>> U-Huang C, uMarr C, uHorton E. House Isicwangciso sezempilo se-GOP siphumeza iMirare emibili yeeMali, Ukunikezwa kweRhafu eninzi kakhulu. Iziko kwiBhajethi kunye nokuPhambili kwePolisi. http://www.cbpp.org/research/federal-tax/house-gop-health-plan-eliminates-two-medicare-taxes-the-----ge-tax-cuts. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Matshi 20, 2017.
>> IiNtlawulo zePalamare: Imithetho ye-Income-Income Beneficiaries. Iwebhusayithi yoLawulo loKhuseleko loLuntu. https://www.ssa.gov/pubs/EN-05-10536.pdf. Epapashwe ngoJanuwari 2017.
>> Imibuzo kunye nezimpendulo zeRhafu yoLongezelelweyo. Kwiwebhusayithi ye-IRS. https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-business-self-employed/question-and-ans-d-med-medicare-tax. Ukuhlaziywa kweDisemba 6, 2016.
>> Imibuzo neempendulo kwiNtlawulo yeNgeniso yeNgeniso yeNtengo. Kwiwebhusayithi ye-IRS. https://www.irs.gov/uac/newsroom/net-investment-income-tax-faqs. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Oktobha 13, 2016.