Okufuneka Ukwazi Ngayo Imali Yenkxaso-mali
UMongameli uTrump wenza izithembiso malunga nephulo lokukhusela i- Medicare. Ngaphantsi kweemeko wayeza kunciphisa inzuzo ye-Medicare. Ngelishwa, ngoku, amazwi akhe awahambelani nezenzo zakhe. I-GOP ineMpilo kunye neMedicaid kwii-crosshairs zayo kwaye ithatha amanyathelo okunciphisa imali kwizinto ezizibonayo njengeenkqubo zokufaneleka. Yilokho okufuneka ukwazi malunga ne-Medicare ngemali eya ku-2018 nangaphezulu.
Yintoni Efanelekileyo?
Abantu abaninzi abayiboni i-Medicare njenge "ilungelo". Emva koko, bahlawula irhafu kwi-Medicare Trust Fund ngokusebenzisa igalelo labo zerhafu kunye nesithembiso sokufikeleleka kwiinkonzo zempilo ezifikelelekayo xa bekhulile okanye xa bekhubazekile.
Nangona kunjalo, ngelixa igama lilungelo luneenkcazo ezichaziweyo kwimijikelezo ethile, i-Medicare kunye neMedicaid yinkqubo yokulungiswa kwemifanekiso. Ngokuhambelana nesichazizwi seMerriam Webster, ilungelo liyinkqubo karhulumente inika iingenelo kumalungu eqela elikhankanywe okanye ngaba imali exhasa okanye isasazwa yile nkqubo.
Ukuqonda i-Fundare Trust Fund
Kukho amachibi amabini e-Medicare. Iyokuqala yi-Medicare Hospital Hospital [HI] I-Fund yeTrust, ekubhekiselelwe kwii-colloquially njenge-Medicare Trust Fund. Le ngxowa ihlawulela inkonzo yakho ye-Medicare Part A , oko kukuthi isibhedlele sakho sokuhlala esibhedlele, ikhaya lokunakekelwa kwexesha elifutshane lihlala emva kokuhlala esibhedlele, unyango lwezempilo lwasekhaya, kunye nokunakekelwa kwezibhedlele.
Le ngxowa yilapho i-dollar yakho yentlawulo yerhafu iya khona.
Ngelishwa, i- inshurensi ye-inshurensi yasebhedlele ilindeleke ukuba ingabikho phantsi ngo-2029 . Oko kuthetha ukuba abayi kuba neemali ezaneleyo zokuhlawula zonke iinkonzo ezenzayo namhlanje. Ngelo xesha, inokukwazi ukufumana kuphela i-88 ekhulwini zezo nkonzo.
I-fund ye-Medicare yesibini yi-Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI) Trust.
Le ntembelo isekelwe kwiiprayimari ozihlawula kwi-Medicare Part B kunye neCandelo D. Ezi ngxenye ze-Medicare zihlawula umsebenzi wegazi, ukutyelela ugqirha, izifundo zokucinga, ukunyangwa komzimba / umsebenzi / unyango, inkunkuma yomzimba, ukucima ukukhusela, ukuhlinzwa (iinkqubo ezithile), kunye nezinye iinkonzo zokugqwelisa.
I-Medicare, i-Federal Deficit, kunye ne-2018 yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali
Ngo-2016, ixabiso lezeMpilo zeSizwe (iNHE) libiza i-dollar 3.3 yezigidigidi zamaRandi, i-17.9 pesenti ye-Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
Ukusetyenziswa kweMedarethi kubiza i-672.1 billion yezigidigidi, ezimele iipesenti ezingama-20 ze-NHE kunye ne-3.58 ekhulwini kwi-GDP. Ukuchithwa kweMalikayidi kuye kwaba yi-$ 565.5 billion, iipesenti ezingama-17 ze-NHE, kunye ne-3.03 ekhulwini le-GDP.
I-GOP ijonge ukunciphisa i-GDP engakanani echithwa kwiinkqubo ezifanelekileyo.
Ngaloo nto, iNdlu yee-Abameli be-US yadlulisela isisombululo sesabelomali kunyaka-mali ka-2018 ngo-Agasti 2017. Kwivoti yombutho, isiphakamiso se-GOP sasifaka i-$ 487 billion kwizicucu kwi-Medicare, ukwanda kwe-Medicare yobudala bokufaneleka ukusukela kuma-65 ukuya kuma-67 ubudala, kunye ne-privatization ye-Medicare ngenkqubo yevawutsha. Ngokuphathelele iMedicaid, iminikelo yombuso iya kutshintshwa kwiintlawulo zentlawulo nganye okanye ikhuphe izibonelelo , ukunciphisa kakhulu imali kwiprogram malunga ne-$ 1 trillion.
Isisombululo sesabelomali sathunyelwa kwi-Senate apho sagqitywa ngo-Oktobha 19. Ingqungqutyana evunyiwe yiSenethi yabuyela eNtabeni apho yadluliselwa ngo-Oktobha 26. Ngeli xesha, utshintsho olucetywayo kwiiprogram zokufaneleka alufakwe kwiitye kuba akukho mithetho ethile yokwenza. Iingxelo ze-GOP ziceba ukujongana nomthetho kule miba kunyaka omtsha. Kunoko, yintoni isabelomali sonyaka we-2018 eyabhalwa ngayo ibeke isakhelo soMthetho weYilwayo weRhafu.
Umthetho osaYilwayo weRhafu
Umthetho osaYilwayo weRhafu, owaziwa ngokuba yi-Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, wakhupha ingxabano enkulu ekuncedeni ukutywa kweerhafu kubantu baseMerika abanotyebi ngaphezu kwelihlwempu neliphakathi.
Umqulu-mali uqikelelwe ukwandisa ukulahleka kwe-$ 1.5 trillion ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10.
Oko kufuneka ukuyiqonda ukuba umthetho uthinta njani i-Medicare. Ekubonweni kokuqala, umrhumo weerhafu weSetti awunakuchithwa ngokuchanekileyo imali ye-Medicare. Awuyi kufumana loo mazwi abhaliweyo kulo mthetho-mthetho. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kubakhokelela ekuncitsheni okungenani i-$ 28 yezigidi ezivela kwi-Medicare ngonyaka kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo.
Yigxeke ekuboneleleni kwePAYGO.
Umthetho "wokuhlawula njengowokuhamba," umthetho ogqithisiweyo njengenxalenye ye-Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act ka-1990, yenzelwe ukugcina ubunzima bokujonga. Isebenza ngale ndlela. Xa iNkcazo idlula nayiphi na into eyenza ukungaphumeleli kwemali kwiminyaka emihlanu ukuya kweyimi-10 kodwa oko kungabandakanyi imali engenayo, i-PAYGO igxotha kuyo. Ulawulo kufuneka luqalise ukuchithwa kwemali kwiinkqubo ezithile ezingenakukhululwa (federal, Subsidies Agricultural and Supports). , INkqubo yoLungiso loMngcipheko woNonophelo loNgcono, iMisebenzi kunye neNkxaso yeeMpahla kunye neProporter Border, Ulawulo lweeNgxowa-mali zabafundi kunye nezinye iinkqubo). Isigqibo malunga nokuba ukuchithwa ngokukodwa ukusetyenziswa kwemali kuya kwenziwa njani kwi-sequeter.
Ngelishwa, yile nto esiyibheke ngayo kunye ne-GOP yentlawulo yerhafu:
I-PAYGO ifuna ukuba iCongress iyanciphise ukusetyenziswa kwemali kunyaka-mali ka-2018 ngamawaka ayi-136 yezigidigidi. Isixa esivunyelwe ukuba sinqunywe kwiiprogram ze-federal ezigunyazisiweyo ezingenakho ukuxolelwa ziqikelelwe ukuba ziyi-114 yezigidigidi zeedola. Oku kuthetha ukuba imali evumelekileyo epheleleyo iya kunqunyulwa kuzo zonke iiprogram, kuquka ne-Medicare.
I-PAYGO ivumela ezinye iinkqubo ukuba zinqunywe ngamaphesenti angama-100 kodwa i-Medicare inesithumo. Ukwenyuka kwi-Medicare kuncitshiswe kuma-4 ekhulwini webhajethi yeprogram. Ngo-2018 oza kuba yi-$ 28 yezigidigidi. Ngo-2027, ngenxa yemali yokunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye neendleko ezandayo zonyango, ukuba ixabiso le-4 ekhulwini kulindeleke ukuba likhule lifike kwi-56 biliyoni ngonyaka.
Ekubeni i-GOP sele sele ifuna ukutyunjwa okubalulekileyo kwi-Medicare ngo-2018 uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwezimali, akunakwenzeka ukuba ulawulo luya kubheka ukucima izicwangciso ezifunekayo phantsi kwe-PAYGO. Nangona bafuna, abazange bakwazi ukuguqula okanye ukuyeka umgaqo wePAYGO kwisisombululo sesabelomali. Baya kufuneka batshintshe umthetho wePAYGO ngokwawo. Ngeli xesha, akukho zikhokelo zokuba ulawulo luhlose ukwenza njalo.
ILizwi
Nangona izithembiso ezichasene noko, ukuphathwa kweTrump kunomthetho oza kuphawula imali kwi-Medicare. I-GOP ichaze iiplani zokutshintsha iiMedare njengoko sikwaziyo. Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwama-2018 lujolise ekunciphiseni inkxaso-mali ye-Medicare, ukwandisa ixesha lokufaneleka lokunyamekela, kunye nokuzifihla ngasese inkqubo ngokusebenzisa i-voucher program. Umthetho osaYilwayo we-GOP uza kunciphisa imali ye-Medicare okungenani i-$ 28 billion ngonyaka ukususela ngo-2018.
> Imithombo:
> Iimiphumo zeMithetho eya kuKhuphula iMali yokuThatyalaliswa yi-R5,5 trillion eqikelelweyo Ngonyaka we-2018-2027. IHhovisi leBhajethi yeCongress. https://www.cbo.gov/publication/53319. Ipapashwe ngoNovemba 14, 2017.
> I-FY 2018 Isigqibo seBhajethi yeNdlu kunye nefuthe layo kwi-Older. IKomiti yeSizwe yokuLondoloza ukhuseleko loLuntu kunye neMedare. http://www.ncpssm.org/PressRoom/NewsReleases/Release/ArticleID/1712/FY-2018-House-Budget-Resolution-and-I-Effect-on-Seniors. Ipapashwe ngo-Agasti 2, 2017.
> Indlela iMigaqo yePAYGO ingayithinta njani iRhafu yeNguqulelo. IKomiti yeBhajethi ejongene neBhodi. http://www.crfb.org/blogs/how-paygo-rules-could-affect-tax-reform. Ipapashwe ngo-Oktobha 18, 2017.
> I-Medicare ixhaswa njani? Medicare.gov. https://www.medicare.gov/about-us/how-medicare-is-funded/medicare-funding.html.
> Iphepha leNkcazo yezeMpilo yeNational. Amaziko e-Medicare kunye neeNkonzo zeMedicaid. https://www.cms.gov/research-statistics-data-and-systems/statistics-trends-and-reports/nationalhealthexpenddata/nhe-fact-sheet.html. Ukuhlaziywa kweDisemba 6, 2017.