Indlela iNkqubo yoKhuseleko yaseKhaya esebenza ngayo
Ehlabathini eligqibeleleyo, abantu baya kuhamba babone ugqirha ngaphambi kokuba badinga ukunakekelwa esibhedlele. Kuza kuba neenkqubo zokunyamekela zokukhusela ezikhoyo ukwenzela ukunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo esingapheliyo ukuba singaphumi. Amaziko e-Medicare kunye neeNkonzo zeMedicaid (i-CMS) sele iqulunqwe ukuphucula ukunakekelwa ngelixa ukunciphisa ukutyelelwa kwamagumbi okuphuthuma kunye nezibhedlele ezibambeleyo.
Kuphi unyango lweManje ludinga abantu abadala
Ngo-2010, ngaphezu kwesigamu sama-America ubuncinane ubuncinane bezilwanyana ezigulayo ezingapheliyo kunye nelo nani landa ngaphezu kwama-63 ekhulwini kulabo abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala kunye nama-83 ekhulwini kwabo bangaphezu kwama-85. abayidingayo kwiofisi yegqirha.
Kulabo abangenanto okanye abalalayo, abo banokufuna unonophelo lwonyango kakhulu, kunokuba kunzima ukuba baphume ekhaya. Kwabanye, ubunzima beemeko zabo banokuthi bafumane ixesha elingaphezulu kwexesha eliqhelekileyo lokutyelela i-ofisi ye-15 ukuya kwe-20. Ugqirha unokufuna ukuba bafike ngamaxesha amaninzi ukuze babe nexesha elaneleyo lokujongana nayo yonke imiba.
Ehlabathini lenene, oogqirha banzima ukufumana izigulane ezininzi nangaphezulu kwiishedyuli zabo ezixakekile. Xa izigulane zingabonakali, izigulana ziyakwazi ukuzifumana kwigumbi lezongxamisekileyo zizama ukunyamekela ngokukhawuleza, unyameko oluxabisa kakhulu kunezinto ezinokuthi zinikezelwe kwisilungiselelo sokugula.
Ukubuya kweNdwendwe yeNdlu
Ngokweqendu le-Care Affordable Act (i- Obamacare ) ngo-2010, izigidi zabantu baseMelika abangenakuncedwa ngaphambili banokufikelela kwiinkonzo zempilo. Ukuhlanjululwa ixesha, oogqirha bazama ukubona izigulane ezininzi ngexesha elingaphantsi ukuhlangabezana naloo mfuno. Okushiya ixesha elincinci lokubiza umnxeba. Ngo-2013, ama-13 eepesenti kuphela oogqirha beentsapho babiza umnxeba kwiiveki ezithile kunye neepesenti ezi-3 kuphela izindlu ezimbini zibiza ngeveki.
Umthetho ononophelo loNonophelo uncedise ukuphumeza inkqubo ye-Independence yaseKhaya ukuvuselela oogqirha ukuba benze ezinye iifowuni zendlu. Oogqirha abagcina imali kwi-Medicare ngelixa bephucula umgangatho wokunyamekela baya kubelana ngeebhonasi zemali.
Inkqubo yesicwangciso seminyaka emithathu ibhalise iindlela ezili-17 ezahlukahlukeneyo kulo lonke ilizwe ukubonelela ngononophelo lwamaziko kwi-Medicare abaxhamli abanezifo ezininzi ezigulayo. Ukubhalisa, nganye inkqubo yayifuneka ukuba isebenzise ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya okungenani izigulane ezingama-200 ze-Medicare ngogqirha okanye ngonyango . Inkqubo ngokubanzi iyakhathalela abaxhamli be-Medicine abangaphezu kwe-8,400.
Iinzuzo zeeNdwendwe zeNdlu
Ukuzimela kwiKhaya kubonise iziphumo ezintle kunyaka walo wokuqala, ugcine amaRandi ayi-3,070 kwi-Medicare abaxhamliweyo kunye ne-25 million yezigidi ngokubanzi. Kwizinto ezili-17 ezithatha inxaxheba, i-12 igcinwe imali kwizigulane zabo, i-9 idibene neendlela zokufumana ibhonasi zezimali kwaye zonke ziphuculwe umgangatho wokunyamekela izigulane ubuncinane kwiintlobo zontathu ezintandathu. Iindlela ezi-4 kuphela zidibene neenjongo zazo zonke izilinganiso ezithandathu zomgangatho.
Okubaluleke ngakumbi, ubomi bezi gulane befuthe ukuba kube ngcono. Kwakukho ukufundwa kwezibhedlele ezimbalwa , ukulandeleliswa okuphuculweyo emva kokuhlala esibhedlele, ukujonga ngokuthe ngqo imichiza kunye nokusetyenziswa kweenkonzo ezibhedlele kwizibhedlele.
Le ayilona ngethuba lokuqala lendlu eboniswe ukunciphisa iindleko kunye nokuphucula ukunakekelwa. Ucwaningo luka-2014 kwi -Journal ye-American Geriatrics Society ihlolisise inkqubo yeefowuni yokunyamekela izigulane ezingama-722 ngaphezu kweminyaka emibini. Ukulondolozwa kwesigulane kwisigulane ngaphezu kwamaRandi angama-4 200 ngonyaka kunye nokuvakatyezwa kwamagumbi amancinci ngamaphesenti angama-9 kunye neepesenti ezili-10 ngokulandelana.
Iindwendwe zeNdlu zenza umehluko. Njengoko i-Independence kwiProjekthi yokuqhubela phambili yasekhaya iyaqhubeka enye iminyaka emibini, khangela ukufumana oogqirha abaninzi kwikhaya elikufuphi.
Imithombo:
Amaziko e-Medicare neeNkonzo zeMedicaid. Imodeli yokuThatswa kweMpilo yoNyango engabonakaliyo igcina imali engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-25 kwiminyaka yokuqala yokusebenza. https://www.cms.gov/Newsroom/MediaReleaseDatabase/Press-releases/2015-Press-releases-items/2015-06-18.html. Ipapashwe ngoJuni 18, 2015.
Amaziko e-Medicare neeNkonzo zeMedicaid. Izimo ezingapheliyo phakathi kwabaxhamli be-Medicare, i-Chartbook: i-2012 Edition. https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/Chronic-Conditions/Downloads/2012Chartbook.pdf.
De Jong KE, Jamshed N, Gilden D, Kubisiak J, Bruce SR, Taler G. Imiphumo yoLondolozo oluPhezulu lwaseKhaya kwiindleko zeMedare kwii-Elder-Risk Elders. Umbhalo we-American Geriatrics Society. Oktobha 2014, 62 (10): 1825-1831. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jgs.12974/full.