I-longitudinal melanonychia bubuninzi bomgca obunemibala, ngokuqhelekileyo kumnyama okanye kumnyama, kunye nobude bebheyili. Ziqhelekile kubantu abaluhlaza. I-longitudinal melanonychia iphuma kwi-deposit ye-melanin kwi-epilisi ye-nail evela kwiimeko ezininzi. Inani elincinci labantu abanexesha elide le-melanonychia bane- melanoma ye-subungual .
Izizathu
Iigundane ezikhonkwane zakho ziveliswa ngamaseli abizwa ngokuthi i- melanocytes kwisitya sepiki. Zivelisa i-melanin, i-pigment enika iinwele zayo umbala kwaye ivelise ilanga lelanga esikhumbeni sakho. Kulo bhedlele, bahambisa i-melanin kwiiseli ezivelisa isikhonkwane. Xa ubona umgca omnyama kwisilumko sakho, yilapho bavelisa khona i-melanin ngakumbi kwisiseko kwaye yakha umgca njengoko isikhonkwane sikhula ngaphandle.
Iimbangela ze-melanonychia zihlukaniswe kwiindidi zentsebenzo ye-melanocytic, apho iiseli ezikhoyo ziqala ukuvelisa i-melanin ephezulu, kunye ne-melanocytic hyperplasia apho ezinye iiseli ezivelisa i-pigment.
Iinjongo zeBenign
Ngokuqhelekileyo uya kubona umgca omnyama kwisilumko esisodwa. Kwi-73% yamatyala abantu abadala, oku kubangelwa iiseli ezikhoyo zivelisa iingubo ezininzi. Umbala wesikhumba sakho wobuhlanga uyinto ebalulekileyo kule nto, njengokuba abantu abanesikhumba somnyama ngokuqhelekileyo banamaqela omnyama eminxebeni.
Ufumana ngaphezulu njengoko uneminyaka yobudala, kwaye ibubanzi. Kwenzeka ngokuqhelekileyo kwiminwe oyisebenzisayo ukubamba izinto-isithupha sakho, isalathisi kunye nomnwe ophakathi.
Ukukhulelwa ngenye ixesha xa usenokwenzeka ukuba ubone i-longitudinal melanonychia. Inkathazo kumgca wesikhonkwane ungayibangela. Ukuba ubona imivumbo kwizwane zakho ezincane okanye inzwane enkulu, kungakho ngenxa yezwane zakho ezintsonkothileyo ezinqabeni zakho ukuba azihambisani kakuhle.
Ukusuleleka kwefayal ye-nail kungabangela ukuba u-streaks obumnyama, njengokwenza i-psoriasis, ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane kwi-nail, i-amyloidosis, kunye ne-lichen plan. Kungenzeka kubonakale, kaninzi ngeendidi ezininzi, kwisifo se-Addison kunye ne-AIDS.
I-Chemotherapy, i-X-rays kunye neyeza le-electron bentragram ingenza ukuba kusebenze i-melanocytic, kaninzi kwizikhonkwane ezininzi. Ingabonakala kwi-Laugier-Hunziker syndrome, i-Peutz-Jeghers syndrome kunye ne-Touraine syndrome.
I-Melanocytic Hyperplasia-Benign kunye neMelanoma Malignoma
I-Melanocytes inokuphindaphinda iphinde ivelise i-melanonychia kwiimeko ezinobungozi okanye ezibi. I-Benign hyperplasia inokuba ngamalenti (amabala) okanye i-nevi (izidleke). Kubantwana, i-77.5% yeziganeko ze-melanonychia zibangelwa yi-melanocytic hyperplasia.
I-Malignant melanocytic hyperplasia inokubangelwa yi-melanoma okanye in situ. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubonakala kwidwangu, inzwane enkulu okanye inkcazo yomunwe. Iyenzeka malunga namaxesha onke kwiintlanga zonke, ngelixa i-melanoma kwezinye iindawo zixhamla kwiintlanga ezimnyama.
Uvavanyo lweNgcaciso
Ukulawula i-melanoma, i-biopsy ivame ukwenza. I-biopsy ithatha izicubu kwi-matrix ye-nail, engabangela ukutshabalalisa. Oku akunokuba yiloo nto oyifunayo, kodwa i-melanoma yimeko enzulu yonyango eya kufuna unyango.
Umthombo:
Julie Jefferson * kunye noFebe Rich. "Melanonychia." Dermatol Res Pract. 2012; 2012: 952186. Ipapashwe nge-intanethi ngo-2012 Juni 27. i-doi: 10.1155 / 2012/952186. PMCID: PMC3390039