Ulusu lenziwe ngamacandelo amathathu:
- epidermis
- dermis
- i-hypodermis (eyaziwa nangokuthi iyisisu esincinci )
I-epidermis (umgca ophezulu kakhulu wesikhumba) yinkqubo ebalulekileyo eyenza ithoni yethu yesikhumba, ngelixa i-dermis (uluhlu oluphakathi) luqulethe izicubu ezinxibelelwano, iinwele zeenwele, kunye neengqungqungqungqungqungqungqungqungqungqungqungqumbo ezikunceda ukulawula ingqibelelo nokushisa kwesikhumba sethu. I-hypodermis ejulile yenziwe ngamathambo kunye nangaphezulu.
Kwi-epidermis, kukho iindawo ezine ezinkulu zeeseli (ezibizwa ngokuthi i-keratinocytes) ezibonelela ngesikhumba izixhasano zalo zakhiwo, kunye nolunye uluhlu olucacileyo kwiintsika kunye nasentendeni. I-Keratinocytes ngaphakathi kwe-epidermis iqala ukwahlula kwisiseko esingaphantsi, ukunyusa iiseli sele zisekwe phezulu. Njengoko iiseli zihambela phezulu, zincinci kwaye zifa.
Basal Stratum
Umgca ongaphantsi we-epidermis ubizwa ngokuba yi-basal stratum. Olu luhlu luqulethe uluhlu olulodwa lwama-keratinocytes enemihlathi ebizwa ngokuba ngama-basal cells. Ezi iiseli zihlala zihlula kwaye zitshintshisa amangqamuzana asele asele ekhanda. Njengoko iiseli ze-basal zihambela kwiindawo eziphezulu, ziza kuphinda zitshitshise, zife, zize zichithe ukuze zenze indawo yamaseli amasha.
I-Melanocytes , iiseli ezivelisa i-melanin (i-pigment enika isikhumba sakho umbala), ifunyenwe kule ndawo.
IStratum Spinosum
Uluhlu lwesipinosum luphezu kwe-basal stratium kwaye lulolu hlobo lwama-cell to five to 10. Amaseli ahamba kwisangqa se-spinosum (ekwaziwa nangokuthi i-celckle cell okanye i-cell squamous layer).
Amaseli kuloluhlu lunezizathu zokwenza i-keratin, iprotheni enobumba obanika isikhumba, iinwele, kunye nezipikili ubunzima babo kunye neendawo ezinqande amanzi.
IStratum Granulosum
Iiseli kwi-granulosum yomgca, okanye uluhlu lwegranular, ziye zalahleka i-nuclei zazo kwaye zibonakala ngathi ziiseli ezicwecwe eziqukethe ama-dark clumps ezixhobo ze-cytoplasmic. Kukho umsebenzi omningi kulolu liseko njengoko iiperin protini kunye neep lipids zisebenza kunye ukudala ezininzi iiseli ezijongene nomqobo wokukhusela isikhumba.
Stratum Lucidum
Uluhlu lwe-stratum lucidum lukho nje kwesikhumba esinyameleyo seentende kunye neengca. Umsebenzi walo oyintloko kukunciphisa ukungqubana phakathi kwe-strneum corneum kunye ne-stratum granulosum. Igama ngokwalo livela kwisiLatini "olulungekileyo," oluchaza ukukhanya kweeseli ngokwabo.
Stratum Corneum
Iiseli kwi- strumum corneum layer zibizwa ngokuba yi-corneocytes (okanye iiseli ezinama-horny). Ezi iiseli ziye zaphawulwa kwaye zibhekwa zifile. Ehlanganiswe ngokuyinhloko ngama-keratin protini, i-corneocytes inikezela amandla okwakhiwa kwe-strneum corneum kodwa iphinde ivumele ukuxutywa kwamanzi. Bakhonza njengomqobo osebenzayo nakweyiphi na imichiza engalimaza iiseli eziphilayo ngaphantsi kwazo.
I-Close-Up yeStratum Corneum
Isakhiwo se-strneum corneum sinokubonakala silula, kodwa sidlala indima ephambili ekugcineni ingqibelelo yesakhiwo kunye ne-hydration yesikhumba. akugcini nje ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubekeka kwemveliso yamaseli ekhumba kodwa unikezela umzimba ukukhusela okubalulekileyo malunga neentsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, i-parasites, nayiphi na enye ifom ye-pathogen okanye i-toxin.
> Umthombo
- > Kolarsick P .; Kolarsick M .; kunye noGoodwin, C. "I-Anatomy ne-Physiology yesikhumba." I-Journal ye-Dermatology Nurses 'Association . 2011; 3 (4): 203-213.