Umhlaza we-ovariya uvela malunga ne-1 kwi-18,000 yokukhulelwa. Iimpawu kunye neempawu zifana nalawo ekungabikho kokukhulelwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo ubunzima be-ovarian bufumaneka ngexesha le-antepartum (isenzo sokuhlola ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa). Ukuba ibuyela kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo emva kweemviwo eziliqela kunye ne-ultrasounds, ukuxilongwa ngokuqhelekileyo kuyisistim esebenzayo eyenzeka ngenxa yemicimbi ye-hormone ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Iimvumba ze-Germ cell ovarian ziyizona zixhaphake kakhulu ukuya kwi-30 ubudala, kwaye i-tumoral stromal tumors ifunyenwe kwiminyaka yokuzala. Zomibini zezi ntlobo zidla ngokubandakanya i-ovary enye kuphela xa iqhathaniswa neengqungquthela eziqhelekileyo zesifo se-ovarian. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba i-tumor ifunyenwe kwi-ovary kuphela, ukususwa kwe-ovary yodwa kunokuba luncedo olwanelisayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zinokuba zifana nezixhamla ezinobungozi okanye ezibi kakhulu. Ezi zibandakanya ukuguqula i-ovary kwigazi layo (i-torsion), ukuvuza, ukuphuka, ukuphuma okanye ukusulela. Ngokuxhomekeke ekuhambeni kokukhulelwa i-ovarian mass mass is found, iyakuthi okanye ingabonakali kwi-pelvic okanye kuviwo lwesisu ngamagqirha. Ukuba ingavalelwa, iziphumo ziyakunceda kwisigqibo malunga nokuba usebenze okanye uqaphelisise ngeemviwo kunye ne-ultrasound. Ubunzima bomzimba obunamacala omzimba ohamba ngokukhululekile kwaye buncinci ngaphezu kweesentimitha eziyi-10 (malunga no-4 intshi), unokugqalwa ngokuphononongwa ngezihlandlo ukuya kwinqanaba lesibini lokukhulelwa.
Ngeli xesha, ukuba ubunzima buncipha ngobungakanani, ngokuzenzekelayo kungabikho ikristi esebenzayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba lukhula, uzakufuna ukuhlinzwa ngokukhawuleza. Kwakhona, ukuba xa uviwo lokuqala luva lukhulu, aluhambelanga (lufakwe kwezinye izitho zeplavic), lubonakala luquka ii-ovari okanye i-ovari okanye ebonakalayo kwisisu nasekhondweni kwi-ultrasound, kunokuthi kube ixesha lokuhlinzwa ngaphandle i-trimester yokukhulelwa.
Ngenhlanhla, umhlaza ngexesha lokukhulelwa luvame ukufunyanwa kwinqanaba lokuqala (isigaba se-I), ngokuyininzi ngenxa yokuba isiguli sisoloko sifuna unyango lwangaphambili ngenxa yokukhulelwa, phambi kokuqala kweempawu zokuqhubela umdlavuza we-ovari. Ukuxela kwangoku kufana nokungakhulelanga, ngokuyisiseko ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesisu kunye nesigaba kunye nebakala.
U vavanya no vavanyo
I-ultrasound iphephile ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kodwa i- CT okanye i-CAT ihlola ukuvelisa imisebe kwaye ayikhuselekile, ngakumbi xa ukhulelwe. I-MRI okanye i-Magnetic Resonance Imaging ibonakala ikhuselekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwaye ingasetyenziswa ukuba i-ultrasound ayinikezeli ulwazi olwaneleyo.
Uvavanyo lwe -CA-125 lungenziwa kodwa aluchanekanga ngokupheleleyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ukukhulelwa ngokwayo kungabangela ukuphakama kule marker tumor, ubuncinane kwinqanaba lamakhulu ambalwa. Ngoko ke, izinga elingaphezulu kwama-35IU / ml lidlalwa njengelingaqhelekanga, kodwa ekukhulelweni, le nqanaba ingaba ngama-200 okanye ama-300 okanye ngaphezulu nje ngenxa yokukhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo, inqanaba kumawaka mhlawumbi ngenxa yomhlaza.
Lawulo
Unyango luyafana ngokufanayo nakwiimeko ezingakhulelwanga. Isinyathelo sokuqala utyando, nombuzo owodwa kuphela xa. I-trimester yesibini ngokuqhelekileyo ikhethwa kuba idibaniswa nethuba lokunciphisa ukukhulelwa.
Ukuba iimvavanyo zibonisa ukukrokra okuphantsi komhlaza, ke le yithuba elijoliswe kuyo. Ukuba isikrokro sikhulu, ngoko utyando kufuneka lwenziwe ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuhlinzwa
Ngexesha lotyando, ukuba ugqirha wezonyango uqinisekisa umhlaza, ngoko utyando lwe-stage lugqityiwe. Oku kuthetha ubuncinane ukususwa kwe-ovari, i-biopsies ye-lymph nodes kunye ne-peritoneum kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba kubonakala sengathi umhlaza usasazeke ngaphaya kwe-ovary, ngoko- cytoreduction okanye i-debulking yenziwa njengoko kungabikho kokukhulelwa.
Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngamathuba kunye nezinketho NGAPHAMBI kokuhlinzwa. Isigqibo esibalulekileyo, kuxhomekeke kwi-trimester, yintoni enokuyenza ngokukhulelwa.
Ngomhlaza wokuqala, ukukhulelwa kunokuhlala kuqhutywe kwaye kuphela i-ovary isuswe kunye nesiteji. Ukuba umhlaza usasazeke ngaphaya kwe-ovary, kungcono ukuba ususe isibeleko ukuba ususe umhlaza omkhulu kangako. Ukuba ukukhulelwa kungaphantsi kwamaveki angama-24, ukususa isibeleko kuya kuphelisa ukukhulelwa kwaye umntwana akayi kuphila. Ukuba ukukhulelwa kungaphezu kwamaviki angama-24 kodwa kungekona kwimeko evuthiweyo (ngokugqithiseleyo ngaphaya kweeveki ezingama-36) isigaba seSesare sinokwenziwa ngaphambi kokususa isibeleko nosana olususwe. Nangona kunjalo, kukho umehluko omkhulu kumandla omntwana osandul 'usana ukuba asinde ngokusondeleyo kwiiveki ezingama-24 ngokuchasene neeveki ezingama-36. Yonke le micimbi ibalulekile ukufihla phambi kokuhlinzwa.
Chemotherapy
Unyango lomhlaza wesifo somhlaza ogqithiseleyo emva kokuhlinzwa ulinganayo, isigaba sesigaba njengoko kungabikho ukukhulelwa ngaphaya kwe-trimester yokuqala. Zonke izitho zomntwana zizalise uphuhliso ekupheleni kwekota yokuqala. Ngaphandle kweli nqanaba kukukhula kakhulu, okungahle kuthathwe ixesha elithile nge-chemotherapy, kodwa akukho nengozi yokukhulelwa komntwana.
Amachiza e-chemotherapy kunye nezigqibo malunga nokuba imithi okanye i-chemotherapy ayimfuneko iyayifana neyokwimeko engekhoyo. Ngethamsanqa, ekubeni amaninzi omhlaza we-ovarian afunyanwe ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngumbango, i-chemotherapy iyakuthi igwenywe. Xa kuyimfuneko, kufuneka iqaliswe ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba i-chemotherapy iyadingeka ngethuba lekota yokuqala, kunokwenzeka ukuba kukhethwa ukukhethwa malunga nokuphelisa ukukhulelwa. Ukulinda iinyanga kunokufaka ingozi kwimpilo kamama kwaye kunciphise amathuba okunyanga.