Ukunyangwa kwemazi egxalaba ngamadolo kunokuba nzima, kwaye isigqibo esona sigqibo sonyango sisisigxina seengxoxo. Esi sigqibo sonyango singathonyelwa yinkalo yezinto ezahlukeneyo.
Unyango lunokuchaphazeleka ngohlobo lokulimala, ubunzima bokulimala, indlela yokulimala, kunye nokulindela imisebenzi kwixesha elizayo. Akunabo bonke ukulimala kwegilingi emadolweni baphathwa ngokufanayo, kwaye akubona bonke abagqirha bamazinyo baphatha kakubi ngendlela efanayo.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abantu abalimaza amadolo abo bafumana iingcebiso ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezivela oogqirha abahlukeneyo. Oko akuthethi ukuba ugqirha othile ulungile kwaye enye iphosakeleyo, kunoko bahlukeneyo kwiimbono malunga nendlela yokuphatha kakuhle le nzakala.
Iyiphi Ingqungquthela yeLigament ye-Ligament?
I- latal collateral ligament , okanye i-LCL, yenye yezinto ezine ezinkulu ezixhasa uxolo. I-LCL ikhona kwicala elingaphandle lamadolo. Iinyembezi ze-LCL zingenzeka ngenxa yoluhlobo olwenzayo lokulimala okanye lube ngumphumo wokubetha ngokuthe ngqo kumda wangaphakathi wamadolo. Iinyembezi ze-LCL azifaneki ngokukhawuleza, kwaye zininzi zifumaneka ngokubambisana nomnye umonakalo ngaphakathi kwamadolo. Xa kuvela i-LCL iinyembezi, abantu bathambek 'ukukhalaza ngeengxaki zokungazinzi okanye ukuguqa ngamadolo ngokukodwa ngokunyuka kwamacala kunye nokuhamba.
Unyango lwezonyango lwe-LCL Izinyembezi
Iinyembezi ze-LCL zihlonywe ngokuhambelana nobunzima bokulimala. Iinyembezi zeBakala 1 kunye neBakala 2 zibandakanya umonakalo kwi-ligament, kodwa akukho ukuphazanyiswa okupheleleyo kwimizi yegament. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le nzakala ilawulwa ngonyango olungenasiphelo.
Ngokufanelekileyo, abantu abagcina amanxeba e-grade 1 kunye ne-2 LCL bangaqala ukuhamba kwangoko kwidolo. Ukunyanzelwa kwetyekeleko kubangela ukuqina kobambiswano.
Ngethuba iinyembezi zeBakala 1 kunye neBakala 2 zikarhoxiswa ngokungaqhelekanga, zinokuthi zenzeke ngokubhekiselele komonakalo we-ligament ofuna ukungenelela ngoncedo. Kwakhona, injongo kufuneka ukuba abantu bahambe ngamadolo ngokukhawuleza. Ngako-ke, ukuhlinzwa kungadinga ukudibanisa okunye umonakalo we-ligament, nokuba i-LCL ayichithwanga ngokupheleleyo.
Ukunyangwa koPhando lweeLCL Izinyembezi
Xa i-colalateral colalateral ligament ichithwe ngokupheleleyo, unyango oluphambili lucetyiswa ngokubanzi. Unyango oluphandwayo lunokwenziwa ukuba lulungiswe umonakalo kwi-ligament okanye uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uvuselele umlenze wokutshatyalaliswa ngokubamba i-ligament entsha usebenzisa i-tissue graft. Ukulungiswa kwesigxina se-colalateral ligament ngokuqhelekileyo kunokwenzeka kuphela xa i-ligament ihlanjululwe kwithambo ekupheleni kwegigament. Ezi ntlobo zokulimala, ezibizwa ngokuthi ukuvuswa kwe-ligament , zenzeka xa i-ligament ichithwe kwi-attachment yayo kwithambo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iqhekeza elincinane lesithambo liyakususwa kunye ne-ligament ngexesha lokulimala.
Kule meko, izinto ezinqabileyo, ezinzima ze-suture zingasetyenziselwa ukubeka kwakhona i-ligament kwithambo apho yachithwa khona.
Xa umonakalo uvela kwingxenyana ephambili yomlenze wongxowankulu, ngokuqhelekileyo i-ligament iya kufuna ukulungiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto zokufakelwa. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-graft ze-graft zingasetyenziselwa ukuhlaziya umonakalo owonakalisiweyo we-ligament. Okukhethiweyo kubandakanya ukufumana izicubu kumzimba wesigulane (autograft) okanye ukufumana izicubu kumntu onika inkxaso (allograft). Ukuxhamla kwezinto eziphathekayo ze-allograft akufanele kubangele nawuphi umonakalo kumntu olimele efuna ukuvuselelwa.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho iinkxalabo malunga nokuba kungenzeka ukuhanjiswa kwezifo, kunye neengxaki malunga nokuqina kwezicubu ze-graft, kwaye ngoko abanye abantu bakhetha ukusebenzisa izicubu zabo. Okuqhelekileyo, ukuxhaswa komncedisi kusetyenziselwa ukuhlaziya i-colalateral ligament.
Ukuze kwenziwe ukwakhiwa kwakhona kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa. Ixesha eliqhelekileyo i-colalateral ligament isakhiwe kwakhona ngokuqhagamshela i-graft ukuya ekupheleni kwethambo lethanga (i-femur), ukufaka i-graft kwi-top of the fibula (ithambo elincinci ngaphandle kwexolo elihlangeneyo) nokuphinda uphinde ufikelele ekupheleni ukuhlaziywa kwi-femur. Olu lwakhiwo luvumela ukuba kubuyiselwe i-anatomy evamile ye-latal collateral ligament.
Iziphumo zoBucholo
Izifundo ezininzi ziye zaphanda iziphumo zokuqulunqwa kwegilonal lateral. Nangona ezi nzakala zingenqabile, kwaye ngoko ezi zifundo zincinci xa kuthelekiswa nokuhlalutya kwezinye iindidi zokulimala kwegilament of the knee, ngokubanzi kubonisa ukuba iziphumo zokuhlinzwa zizonke zilungileyo. Abantu abaqhutywe ukuhlinzwa baye baphucula umsebenzi, ukuhamba, kunye nentlungu encinane xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abanononyango olungapheliyo (i-3) iinyembezi ze-lateral collateral ligament. Ukongezelela, xa abantu bexinzeleleka kwintlungu, njenge-ACL iinyembezi okanye ukulimala kwamakhonksi emva kwesikhokelo , iziphumo zonyango lotyando lwe-stalateral ligament zikhokelela kwiziphumo eziphuculweyo.
Oko kwathiwa, kukho ezinye iindawo eziphantsi. Kwisifundo esithile esakhangela abadlali bebhola bezemidlalo, bafumanise ukuba abadlali ababesetyenziswe ngokungahambi ngonyango bekunokwenzeka ukuba babuyele kwimidlalo yobuchwephesha, kwaye bafumana ukuphucula ngokukhawuleza kunokuba abo baphathwa ngokugqithiseleyo. Ukongezelela, aba baqhubi babengabonakali kwiingozi kunye nobunzima bokuhlinzwa. Kukho rhoqo isilingo sokuzama ukubuyisela umatshini oqhelekileyo kunye nokuzinza emadolweni, kodwa ekugqibeleni injongo kufuneka ibuyisele abantu kwimisebenzi abafuna ukuyenza. Ukuba utyando aluphuculanga ixesha elifutshane okanye umsebenzi wexesha elide lodibaniselwano, ngoko kufuneka sibuze iimfuno ezinokwenzeka zokungenelela ngoncedo.
Iingozi zoBucholo
I-knee ligament yokuhlinzwa yinto eqhelekileyo, kwaye ingozi ejongene nolophulo oluvakalayo akunakwenzeka. Abantu abaguqulwe ngamadolo, kuquka ukunyanga kwe-LCL yonyango baninzi bafumana ubunzima obubandakanya ukuqina, ukunciphisa ukuzinza kokubambisana, kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kwamadolo. Ukongezelela, abantu abagcina ukulimala kwamadolo ngamadolo kunokwenzeka ukuba bavelise i-arthritis yentsebenziswano kamva ebomini. Ezi mngcipheko kunye neengxaki zikhoyo nokuba kungakhathaliseki ukuba unyango lonyango lukhethiweyo, kwaye ingozi inokuthi iyancitshiswe ngonyango olunyango. Ukuba i-arthritis iqhubela emadolweni emva kwexesha lobomi, iinkqubo ezongezelelweyo zokuhlinzwa, kubandakanyeka ukuguqulwa kwamadolo ekutshintshiselwa ngamadolo , ekugqibeleni ziyimfuneko.
Izingozi ezinxulumene nokuhlinzwa ziquka ukusuleleka kunye nokulimala kwentsholongwane. Kukho inambuzane enkulu ebizwa ngokuba yi-peroneal nererve esondele kakhulu kwisiqhotyoshelo se-fibula ye-colalateral ligament. Ngexesha lotyando, qaphela ngokukhuselekileyo ukukhusela loo nerve kufuneka iqhutywe. I-neroneal nerve ibalulekile ekuncedeni ukulawula ukuhamba kweenyawo. Le nerve ilawula izihlunu ezithatha umgangatho weenyawo ukuya phezulu. Ikwabonelela ngeenjongo eziphezulu kwinyawo. Abantu abanomonakalo kwi-nerveal pererveal abanomqathango othiwa " ukunyuka kweenyawo " ezingaphazamisa ukukwazi ukuhamba ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye zikhokelela ekugungqeni phezulu kwenyawo.
ILizwi
Ukuxhatshazwa kwamagulane yiimeko eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene nezemidlalo ezenzeka kwiimbaleki. Enye yegam ligaments enkulu i-latal collateral ligament, okanye i-LCL. Xa ukulimala kwenzeka kwi-ligalal colalateral ligament, unyango luxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi ezibandakanya ubunzima beentlungu. Ukulimala kwebanga lesi-1 kunye neBakala 2, unyango olungabandakanyeki luqhelekileyo unyango olufanelekileyo. Kwimimandla eyingozi yebakala lesi-3, xa i-ligament igqityiwe ngokupheleleyo, utyando luya kunconywa. Utyando lwe-injection latamental injectional ligament ngokuqhelekileyo luquka ukuhlaziywa usebenzisa i-tissue graft ukudala i-ligament entsha ukuthatha indawo yelunge elimele.
> Imithombo:
> Grawe B, Schroeder AJ, Kakazu R, Messer MS. "I-Ligamental Collateral Ligament Injury About the Knee: I-Anatomy, Assessment, noLawulo" J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2018 uMar 15; 26 (6): e120-e127.
> Geeslin AG, iLaPrade RF. "Iziphumo zonyango lwe-grade-III ehlukileyo kunye nodibeneyo lwama-knee posterolateral: Ama-series of case cases kunye nobuchule bokuhlinzwa" J Bone Surgery Joint 2011; 93 (18): 1672-1683.