Ukuxhatshazwa kwegxalaba kukulimala okwenzekayo nebhola ephuma kwi-ball-and-socket joint joint. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamagxa ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwa kukulimala okubi (ukuwa, ukushayela imoto, njl) okanye ukulimala kwezemidlalo. Uninzi lwegxalaba lenzekile xa ibhola iphuma phambi kwegxala - into ebizwa ngokuba yimizi yamanzi.
Phantse i-95% yamagxala ehlanjululwayo angaphandle.
Igalelo linokuthi lihlehlise emva kwegxala, nangona oku kukulimala okungavamile. Xa ibhola iphuma emva kwesikhoxu sehlombe, ukulimala kuthiwa yi-posterior shoulder dislocation. Ukuthunyelwa kweposi emva kokubaluleka kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba unyango luhluke kancinane, kwaye ngelishwa, le nzakala ingakhokelwa lula.
Esinye sezizathu ezi bangela ukuba le nzakala kukuba ingalo ibanjwe kwindawo ebonakala yinto eqhelekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ingalo engaphezulu ibanjwe kwicala, kunye ne-forearm ephikisana nomzimba. Oku kufana nesimo onokubamba ngengalo yakho kunye nohlobo lokudibanisa lokulimala , okwenza ukutshatyalaliswa kokubambisana kungabonakali.
Iimbangela zeNdawo yokuThuthukiswa koMva
Ngokungafani nokutshatyalaliswa kwangaphambili okwenzeka emva kokulimala okukhulu, ezi zimbini eziqhelekileyo ezibangelwa ukuthungulwa kwangemva kwezi zinto zithintela kunye nokuthungwa kombane.
Iimisipha ezijikelezayo ngaphakathi kwiphepha zinamandla ngakumbi kunezihlunu ezijikeleza ngaphandle kwegxala. Ngenxa yokungalingani kwamandla, ukuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza, okuqinileyo - njengabo bafumana ngexesha lokutshatyalaliswa okanye ukutshitshiswa - banokukrazula ibhola ngaphandle kwegxalaba.
Ngokuqhelekileyo emva kokulimala okubuhlungu njengokuwa okanye ukulimala kwezemidlalo, abantu bafuna ithuba lokuphazamiseka kwamagxa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, xa umntu enokubanjelwa okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kwamandla, abaninzi abantu abakucingi ngethuba lokutshatyalaliswa kwamagxa. Ngenxa yoko, ngamanye amaxesha ukuxhatshazwa kukhathalelwa ngenxa yokuqwalaselwa kwezinye iinkalo zempilo yesigulane. Kule meko, intlungu yentlungu ingabangelwa ngumngcipheko ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa okanye ukutshatyalaliswa.
Utyando lweZithuba eziPhezulu
Isinyathelo esibalulekileyo sokuqala kunyango lokungabikho komsebenzi, emva kokuba ukulimala kuqwalaselwa, kukubuyisela ibhola kwisigxina sebhola kunye nesango. Ukubuyiselwa kokubambisana, okubizwa ngokuthi 'ukunciphisa' i--joint , akusoloko kunzima, kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukunyamezela nge-anesthesia ukuze kukhululeke intlungu kwaye kungakhathazeki.
Unyango oluphandwayo lwe-dislocation lungaqwalaselwa, ngakumbi xa ukuphazamiseka kwethambo kuhamba kunye nokutshatyalaliswa. Kwimeko yecala elingaphantsi kwesigxina, kuqhelekile ukuba xa igxalaba liphuma lidibene, ibhola ixabisa umgca wesiseko. Oku kunokubangela uhlobo oluthile lokuphuka olubizwa ngokuba yi-Hill-Sachs. Isiphene se -Hill-Sachs sisifumaneka ngokuqhelekileyo ngokuchithwa kwangaphambili. Ukulimala okufanayo, ngaphandle kwecala elibhekiselele kwibhola kwaye ngoko kuthiwa yi-Hill-Sachs ephindaphindiweyo, kwenzeka nge-post-dislocation.
Kukho nezinye izinto ezinokulimala ezinokuthi zenzeke ngokubambisana nokugxothwa kwamagxa. Ezi ziquka ukuhlukana kwe-humerus ehamba phambili , iinyembezi ze-labrum , kunye neendwangu zokujikeleza . Ukongeza kwonyango lokutshatyalaliswa, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa unyango olufanelekileyo kwezi nzakala ezichaphazelekayo.
Prognosis
Njengoko kuxoxwa, ukuhanjiswa kwithuba emva kokuhamba ngokuqhelekileyo akuqhelekanga. Ukugqalwa kwesibonakaliso kubonakala ngathi kuhambelana nenani lesithambo kunye nomonakalo we-cartilage owenzeka ngexesha lokuchithwa. Ukukhathazeka kwezigulane eziye zahlutha iigxalaba zazo ziquka ithuba lokuphindaphinda (ukuphinda).
Ukutshatyalaliswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuba yingxaki ngakumbi kwiiphene ezinkulu zethambo njengoko kukho ukuzinza okuphantsi kwegxalaba ukuba ithambo lonakaliswe.
Umthombo:
IDouleau DM, uHebert-Davies J, uRobinson CM. "I-Outdoor Traumatic Posterior" I-Am Acad Orthop Surg ngoMatshi 2014; 22: 145-152.