Ngaba Kunconywa Ukuhlolwa Kwezinto Ezifanelekileyo?
Ukufa ngokukhawuleza kumqhubi omncinci, ngelixa liqhekeza, lisoloko luyintlekele. Impembelelo kwintsapho kunye nabathandekayo kuyingozi. Ngabo abo bawaziyo kuphela ixhoba ngasecaleni, okanye ngubani ova nje ngeentlekele kwiindaba, uvakalelwa kukuba phantse uchaphazelekayo. Ucinga nje ngomntu osemncinci uhlasele ngokukhawuleza, ngenxa yokuba asikho isizathu esicacileyo, asithintela sonke.
Ngaba akukho nto umntu onokuyenza ukukhusela oku?
Yintoni Edala Ukufa Ngokukhawuleza Kwabadlali Abaselula?
Uninzi lwabadlali abaselula abafa ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokuzivocavoca luye lwaba nesifo sengqondo solu hlobo olunye okanye olunye olungazange lubonwe ngaphambili. Iingxaki ezininzi zengqondo ziyabonwa kubantu abancinci abonakala bephilile, kwaye, ngelishwa, uphawu lokuqala lweengxaki lunokuthi lwenzeke ngokukhawuleza, luhlobo lwe- cardiac arrhythmia (ngokuqhelekileyo, i- fibrillation ye-ventricular ). Iingxaki zeentliziyo ezinxulumene nokufa ngokukhawuleza kuma-athlete amancinci ziquka i -cardiomyopathy ye-hypertrophic , i- Marfan syndrome , kunye nokungaqhelekanga kokuzalwa komzimba kwimithambo ye-coronary-but there are several others.
Ngaba Abadlali beMngciphekweni bayakuchongwa kwixesha elide?
Uninzi lweemeko zengqondo ezibangelwa ukufa ngokukhawuleza kubantu abancinci banokufunyaniswa ukuba ngaba uvavanyo oluqinileyo lwenziwe. I- electrocardiogram (ECG) kunye ne- echocardiogram- okanye nokuba yi-ECG yodwa-yayiza kuba neenkcukacha ezibalulekileyo malunga nabantu abaselula abasengozini ukwenzela ukuba uvavanyo oluninzi lunokwenziwa.
Abo baphendukela ekungeneni kwengozi yokufa ngokukhawuleza bangaphathwa ngenxa yengxaki yabo, okanye ubuncinane baxelelwe ukuba baphephe ukunyanzelisa, mhlawumbi basindise ubomi babo.
Ngoko kunengqiqo kubantu abaninzi ukuba bonke abagijimi abatsha kufuneka bahlolwe iingxaki zentliziyo ngaphambi kokuba bavunyelwe ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo.
Ukuba unomdlali osemncinci kwintsapho yakho, mhlawumbi uye waphawula ukuba akukho kuhlola okunjalo kwenziwa, okanye kukhuthazwe. Inyaniso yokuba ukuhlolwa kwentliziyo kungenziwa rhoqo kwiimidlalo ezincinane, ubuncinane e-US, akuyiyo ingqwalaselo-kuba ngumphumo wokuqwalasela ngokugqithiseleyo iingcali zentliziyo.
Ukumba kancane kwi-data emva kwesigqibo sokuba ungenzi ukuhlola okubanzi kunokunceda ukukhawuleza kwesi sigqibo.
Isizathu seZikhokelo zoKhenketho zangoku
Umbuzo wokuba bonke abadlali ababethatywayo kufuneka bahlolwe isifo senhliziyo kungabikho konke okulula. Zininzi izinto ezenza uvavanyo olunzulu lube lukhuni, lubiza, kwaye mhlawumbi lunobungozi.
Okokuqala, zikhona izifo zentliziyo ezininzi ezinokunyusa umngcipheko wokufa ngokukhawuleza kubantu abancinci, kwaye ngamnye wabo unemilinganiselo eyahlukileyo kwaye ufuna iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuvavanya ukwenza ukuxilongwa. Akuzona zonke iziphazamiso zengqondo eza kufunyanwa ngamanyathelo ambalwa okuhlola ukungahloliswanga.
Emva koko kukho ininzi yokuba abantu abatsha bathatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo ehleliweyo, ngoko ke inani elikhulu liza kufuneka lihlolwe-mhlawumbi phakathi kwabangama-4 ne-5 abantu abancinci ngonyaka ngamnye e-United States kuphela. Kule nombolo enkulu, kuphela inxalenye encinane (malunga ne-3 ukuya ku-1000) isifo sesifo esingumzimba esandisa ingozi.
Naliphi ixesha ukuhlolwa kwonyango kwenziwa kwintlupheko enokuxhaphaka kakhulu, kuya kubakho ezininzi iziphumo zokuvavanya ngamanga (apho uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba isifo singakho xa singekho) kuneziphumo ezintle. Zonke ezi mvavanyo zonyango ziza kufuna ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo oluninzi ukuze lufike kumzantsi weengxaki ezityholweyo (nangona, kwiimeko ezininzi, akukho nanye). Ezi mvavanyo zilandelwa ngamanye amaxesha ukuvavanya okungahambiyo, njengentambo ye- catheterization , engagcini nje ukunyusa umngcipheko omncinci kodwa yongeza iindleko zonyango jikelele kuluntu.
Ngenxa yezi ngcamango, iindibano zengcali ziye zazama ukusekela izikhokelo zokuhlola abadlali abancinci abaza kuba nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo ekufumaneni imimiselo yeemeko eziqhelekileyo ezandisa ingozi, ngaphandle kokuvelisa inani elikhulu leemvavanyo zokulandelela ezingadingekile. Ngaba ezi zicetywayo iimviwo zokuphonononga zilahlekile ezinye iimbaleki ezincinane ezinokuphazamiseka kwegazi? Ngelishwa, ewe, kwaye ngaba ngabadlali abaselula esiva ngeendaba kwixesha ngexesha.
Ziziphi iiNcomo zangoku?
I-American Heart Association (AHA) incomela ukuba bonke abadlali bezemidlalo eziphezulu nakwiikholeji banembali yezobugcisa kunye nokuhlolwa kwempilo. Imbali yonyango kufuneka ibonise ngokucacileyo nayiphina impawu elandelayo:
- intlungu yesifuba okanye ukuphazamiseka ngexesha lokusebenzisa
- iziqephu ze syncope (ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo)
- i-dyspnea (ukuphefumula okufutshane) kunye nokunyusa
- nembali yentliziyo eguncuzelayo okanye isifo segazi
Ugqirha kufuneka acele ngokucophelela ngembali yentsapho (ekubeni ezininzi zeemeko ezibangela ukufa ngokukhawuleza ziyimfuza), kwaye kufuneka zijonge phambili ngaphambi kwexesha (ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala engama-50) ukufa okanye ukukhubazeka kwisifo senhliziyo kumalungu osapho esondeleyo, nokuba ingaba kukho intsapho imbali yeengxaki zeengxaki zentliziyo eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, i- long-QT syndrome , i-arrhythmias ye-cardiac, okanye i-Marfan syndrome.
Uvavanyo loqobo lufanele lujolise ekuhlolweni kwethambo, ukuhlolwa kwepmonta, ukuhlolwa kwemiphunga, nokukhangela iimpawu ze-Marfan syndrome.
I-AHA ayiyi kucetyiswa i-ECG, i-echocardiography, okanye uvavanyo loxinzelelo . Ezi mvavanyo zigcinwa kubantu abancinci apho kukho ukukrokreka kwengxaki yesifo emva kokuba benze imbali yonyango kunye nokuhlolwa komzimba.
Ngaba Oku Kwanele?
Nangona iingcali ze-AHA zikholelwa ukuba inkqubo yokuhlola ichanekile yanele, iingcali zeYurophu ziyavumelani. EYurophu, i-ECG iphinda ikhuthazwe njengolu vavanyo oluqhelekileyo lokuvavanya kubo bonke abadlali abaselula.
Kukho ubungqina obuncinane bokuba uhlolo lwe-ECG oluqhelekileyo lwenza umehluko omkhulu. Nangona kunjalo, isifundo esibhekisele kwimpembelelo yokuhlola iqhutyelwe eItaly, apho ukuhlolwa kwamatyeki kunye ne-ECG yaqala ngo-1984. Phakathi kweminyaka engama-1979 no-2004, iziganeko zonyaka zokufa ngokukhawuleza kuma-athlete zancipha ukusuka kwi-3.6 kumntu oneminyaka eyi-100 000 ukuya 0.4 kumntu oneminyaka eyi-100 000. Olu pho nonongo lubonisa ukuba ukuhlolwa kwe-ECG kusebenza kakuhle, kodwa ukuba impembelelo jikelele ye-ECG ukuhlolwa kwendawo yonke kubuncinane.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ngaba omnye umdlali omncinci wezemidlalo angasindiswa, ngaba akayi kuluhlola?
Ewe, ukuba uhlambuluke, kuxhomekeke ekubeni ngubani ohlawula ukuhlola. Ukuba silindele "uluntu" ukuba luthathe iindleko (nangona kunjalo, iiproyamu zempilo zentsharensi okanye iirhafu), iindleko zokuhlola (kunye neemvavanyo zokulandelelana eziza kubangela) zibonakala zingavumelekanga. Ubuncinane, kuyenzela abantu abhala izikhokelo ze-AHA, abanamagosa ase-inshorensi kunye namagosa karhulumente ahlolisise umsebenzi wabo.
Cinga ngolu hlobo: Akukho mntu ugxeka ukuba ingaba umbonisi womsiyi ulondoloza ubomi. Benza. Kodwa ukuba iqela leengcali zorhulumente lifanele ligqibe isigqibo sokuba ngaba iirhafu zeerhafu kufuneka zisetyenziselwe ukuthenga wonke umntu umsi womsi, ziza kugqiba ngokukhawuleza ukuba, kwindleko ebantwini kwiidola ezilishumi kwiindleko zobomi bonke abasindayo, ukutshaya umsi womngcipheko kulungelelaniso. Ngethamsanqa, asihlanganisi ukuthengwa komtshini womsi. Kithina, ubomi obunokusindiswa ngabethu kunye nabathandekayo bethu, kwaye iindleko zalabo baphila basindiswa yi-$ 19.95 kuphela. Kubonakala ngathi ihamba kakuhle.
Ukuba abantu bakhokhelwa ngokwabo i-ECG yokujonga iindawo zabo endaweni yokuthembela kuluntu ukuba benze njalo, iingcebiso zokuphonononga kwabadlali abancinci zingase zihluke kakhulu.
Ngaphantsi
Ukufa ngokukhawuleza kubadlali abancinci kunenhlanhla kunqabile, kwaye ukuhlolwa okulula okucetyiswa yi-AHA kuza kubamba abaninzi-kodwa kungekhona bonke abantu abaselula abasengozini. Ngoko iziphakamiso ze-AHA, ezithatha isiganeko esinqabileyo kwaye zenze kube lula, zenze ingqiqo.
Sekunjalo, njengomzali, unokungonwabi ukuqaqa iinkqubo ezicace ngakumbi zokuhlola. Ukuba ukhathazeke ngokukodwa ngomntwana wakho, xubusha iingxaki zakho kunye nodokotela wengane yakho. Ukuvavanywa okungakumbi, ukuba ufuna, kuyilungelo lakho njengesigulane. Nangona kunjalo, kusenokuba uxanduva lwakho lwemali.
Yaye khumbula: Nangona ingafumanisa iingxaki ezicebisa ukuba uvavanyo alunjalo, luyakwazi ukubonisa umntwana wakho engozi engaphezulu. Thetha ngokunyanisekileyo ngogqirha wengane yakho ukuze ufumane ulwazi olufunekayo ukulungelelanisa ingozi kunye neenzuzo zokuhlola okongeziweyo.
> Imithombo:
> Corrado D, Basso C, Pavei A, et al. Iintlobo zoKhuselo lweMvakalelo ye-Cardivascular Death in Young Young Athtetitive Athletes Emva kokuphunyezwa kweNkqubo yokuHlola ukuCwangcisa. JAMA 2006; 296: 1593.
> Maron, BJ, Thompson, PD, Ackerman, MJ, et al. Iingcebiso kunye neengqwalasela ezinxulumene nokulungiselela ukuhlolwa kwee-Cardiovascularities ezingabonakaliyo kwi-Athletes ekhuphisanayo: 2007 Ukuhlaziywa: Ingxelo yeSayensi evela kwi-American Heart Association Association kwiZondlo, umsebenzi weMvelo, kunye ne-Metabolism: Iyavunyelwa yi-American College of Cardiology Foundation. Ukuhamba ngo-2007; 115: 1643.