Ukukhathazeka okuqhelekileyo kwabalupheleyo njengemisebenzi yengqondo kunye nengqondo eqala ukuhla kwexesha elide kukuba abayi kuphinda bakwazi ukuzinyamekela. Ngaphezu koko, uxanduva lwe "sandwich generation" lokunyamekela abazali abakhulileyo lukhokelela ekufuneni iinkqubo ezingcono kunye neenkqubo zokunceda abadala. Iisombululo ezivumela abadala ukuba baphile ngokuzimeleyo kwiminyaka yabo yegolide ziba yimfuneko yoluntu.
Ukuba ukhathazeke ngawe okanye umntu othandayo ukuhlolwa ngengozi yongcipheko kunokunceda ukuseka ukuba umntu uphephile ukuba ahlale yodwa. Ngethamsanqa, le mihla kukho ezininzi izixhobo, izixhobo zedijithali kunye nezixhobo zonxibelelwano ezikhoyo ukukunceda ukulawula ingozi ehambelana nokuhlala kwabantu abadala. Siphila kwixesha xa kushukunyiswa kwisibonelelo esincedisayo okanye ikhaya labahlengikazi alinakukuphepheka, kwaye "ukuguga endaweni" ngoku kuyindlela enokubonakalayo nakwabo bafumana ukuphazamiseka kwempilo. Ngaphandle kokucwangcisa ngokucophelela, ubuchule bezobuchwepheshe kunye nosapho kunye nenkxaso yobuchwepheshe, abantu asebekhulile bangakwazi ukuqhubeka behlala emakhaya abo ekwindla kobomi ngokukhuselekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo.
Izixhobo zokuwahla ezingenazintambo
Iimpaba zimela enkulu inkxalabo yabantu abadala, iintsapho zabo kunye nabanonophelo. Kuze kube ngoku, umntu osemngciphekweni wokuwa kufuneka aphathe i-alamu yepantsana kwaye cinezela iqhosha ukuba kwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke ingqungquthela, ukuvakalisa isikhungo senkonzo esisikhulu esasidinga uncedo.
Le nkqubo inemiphumo, kubandakanya abantu abadala asebekhulile abangagqoki idivaysi okanye bengakwazi ukukrazula iqhosha xa kuweleka ngenxa yokuchithwa kwempahla.
Ngethamsanqa, kukho iikhokelo eziphambili ezikhoyo ezifumaneka ngokuzenzekelayo xa umntu ewile kwaye uqaphele iinkonzo eziphuthumayo ngokuzenzekelayo.
Iinjineli zombane zeYunivesithi yase-Utah uBrad Mager no-Neal Patwari bacebise esinye isisombululo esisebenza njengenkqubo yokuwa kwe-wireless. Ingcamango yabo kukuba indawo yomntu inokubona ukuwa nokuthumela isilumkiso ukuba kwenzeka isiganeko. Inkqubo yabo entsha isekelwe kwisetyenzana seenzwa eziye zenzelwe ukufumana ii-frequencies ezahlukeneyo ezihambelana nesimo somntu eklasini. Inkqubo inokwakha umfanekiso we-3D womntu - inqubo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-tomography yomsakazo - kwaye ubone ukuba umntu umi, uhleli okanye ulele.
Esinye isisombululo sihlongozwe nguDkt Francois Charpillet kunye neqela lakhe. UCharpillet, ngubani umlawuli wezoPhando kwiSizwe soPhando kwi-Computer Science kunye nokuLawula eFransi, usebenze kwinkqubo yokubona ukuwa eya kusebenzisa iitayile ezihlakaniphile. Inkqubo yencwadana, efihliweyo phantsi kweetayile ezihlakaniphile, isebenzisanisa intsebenziswano yamandla kunye ne-accelerometers ezintathu. Kuye kwavavanywa kwaye ibonise kakuhle ukusetyenziswa kunye nabantu abadala asebekhulile.
I-Technology New Assistance Technology
Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kungenza umhlaba wehlabathi ube yindawo enobungozi, kubangele ukukhathazeka okukhulu kubo bonke abathintekayo.
Ukuguquka nokuphazamiseka yinto eqhelekileyo kubantu abanokukhubazeka kwememori, kwaye ngokutsho kwe-Alzheimer's Association, abantu abayisithupha kwabangama-10 abanomdemokhrasi bayaluka baze bazinikele engozini yokulimala okanye ukufa.
I-GPS Smartsole yintsebenzo eyavela ngo-2015 kwaye ingafakwa ngaphakathi kwesihlangu somntu, eyenza ukuba indawo yayo iphikisiwe. Esi sixhobo esicacileyo sidibanisa kwi-app yeselula kunye newebhusayithi, ukwenzela ukuba amalungu entsapho kunye / okanye abanakekeli banokufumana lula umntu ojikelezayo. Ngaphezu koko, kunokwenzeka ukusetha i-perimeter kunye nenkqubo, kwaye ukuba umntu uhamba ngaphandle kuloo ndawo isilumkiso sithunyelwe.
Inkunkuma ye-GPS ye-Freedom, eyenzelwe yi-Bluewater Security, ijoliswe ngokukodwa kubantu abadala abaneengqondo. Igugu njengemilindo kwaye ivumela amalungu omndeni ukuba aqaphele abathandekayo bawo ngaphandle kokungafuni. Ifowuni iquka inkinobho yokwethusa engasetyenziswa ngumgcini ukuba uqaphele uncedo ukuza kwaye uncedise ukuba umntu ulahleke. Ezinye izixhobo ze-biomechanical ezingabamba ukunyakaza ziye zafundwa. Ezi zixhobo zinokubala inani lamanyathelo athathwe ngumntu onomdemokhrasi okanye alinganise ukuhlaselwa kwiindawo ezintathu. Ukuhlaziywa okupapashwe kwi- International Journal yeGerontology kufumene ukuba isistim seStatchWatch sasiyimpumelelo ekulandeleni ukuziphatha kwabantu abadala.
I-Smart Home Technologies kubadala
I-Telecare - ukunakekelwa okude kunceda abantu asebekhulile kunye nalabo abaxhatshazwayo - ngokuqhelekileyo basebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neenethwekhi zedijithali ukwenyusa ukhuseleko lomzi. Imizi e-Smart, idibanisa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukeneyo nobuchwepheshe, ngokuqhelekileyo kubonwa njengoluncedo kwaye lunokwenza ukuba umntu okhulile ahlale ekhuselekileyo. I-Telecare iquka iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezingenangcingo kunye nezingenazintambo, kunye nezixhobo "ezihlakaniphile" ezifana nezitofu kunye nee-ovens ezizenzekelayo izicwangciso zokukhusela, izigqeba zokulala, iinkqubo zokukhanyisa ngokuzenzekelayo, i-video kunye nokubeka esweni kunye ne-alamu eziphuthumayo. Uninzi lweebhandi zophando lutyalomali kwi-teknoloji yasekhaya, yaye kukho iiprojekthi eziqhubekayo eMelika naseYurophu Union ukuba ziqhubeke nokuziphendukela kwele teknoloji.
Ezinye iinkqubo zokubeka ingqalelo ngoku sele ziphinde zenziwe kwakhona kwi-smart phone, ukunciphisa iindleko zezibonelelo. Iifowuni zefowuni zinokuxhasa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchwepheshe bokubeka esetyenzisiweyo kubantu abadala. Iimvavanyo zemivuzo kunye nokulinganisela, kunye nokubeka esweni kunye nokuqatshelwa komsebenzi, sele kuphandwe kusetyenziswa ifowuni. Ekuhlaziyweni konyaka kwalomsebenzi wokulandelela abantu abadala, uSalvatore Tedesco, uJohn Barton noBrendan O'Flynn waseTyllall National Institute, bacetyisa ukuba ii-smartphones zingasetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokukhuthaza umsebenzi kubantu abadala, ukuphucula ulwazi kunye nokukhuthaza ukubandakanya ngendlela ephila ngayo.
> Imithombo
> I-Alzheimer's Association. Ukunyuka nokulahleka. https://www.alz.org/care/alzheimers-dementia-wandering.asp
> Daher M, Diab A, El Badaoui El Najjar M, Ali Khalil M, Charpillet F. Ukulandelela Abadala kunye noNgeniso lokuGwa kweNkundla Ukusebenzisa iiTile ze-Smart. IEEE Sensors Journal , 2017; 17 (2): 469-479.
> Lin Q, Zhang D, Chen L, Ni H, Zhou X. Iinqununu zokuHlola: UkuLawula ukuziphatha kwabantu abadala Ukusetyenziswa kweziSombululo eziSekelwe kwisistim: Uphando. I-International Journal yeGerontology, ngo- 2014; 8: 49-55.
> Mager B, Patwari N, Bocca M. Ukuwa kwe-Fall using the RF sensor networks. Ngo-2013 IEEE 24 yeeNgqungquthela zamazwe ngamazwe kwi-Personal, Inside, kunye ne-Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC).
> Tedesco S, Barton J, O'Flynn B. Ukuhlaziywa komsebenzi wokuPhatha abaPhathi beMatriki: iiPhulo zoPhando, indawo yezoLimo kunye nomsebenzi weNkampani yomshuwalense. Sensors, 2017; 17 (6): 1-39.