Isifo somkhuhlane sisifo sosulelo esibangelwa yiqela le-streptococcus (iqela le-strep), enye ibhaktheriya enoxanduva lomgca we-throp throat . Kwakhona kwaziwa ngokuba yi-scarlatina, ibonakala ngokugqithisa kunye nolwimi olubomvu. Kunokwenzeka ukuba banokubetha abantwana phakathi kweminyaka emi-5 ukuya kwe-15 kwaye kunqabile ukuba, xa kwenzeka, kuthinta abantu abadala. Nangona sele sele isifo esiyingozi ebuntwaneni, imfiva ebomvu iyaphathwe kakhulu kwaye ayiqhelekanga kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi.
Iimpawu
I-scarlet fever iqala ngokuqala ngumkhuhlane, umqala, kunye nezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zentsholongwane ye-strep, njenge-headache kunye ne-chills.
Emva kwemini emibini, i-sandpapery-rash ebonakalayo elukhumbeni, enceda ukuhlula umkhuhlane obomvu kwi-garden-variety strep throat. Ukukhawuleza kuya kuqhubeka ixesha elide emva kokuba iimpawu zokuqala zomkhuhlane omnyama ziphendule unyango. Ngamanye amaxesha isikhumba kwiindawo ezithile zomzimba ziya kululela iiveki ezimbalwa.
Nangona ingaqhelekanga, i-red fever inokuphuhliswa emva kokusuleleka kwe-strep yolusu njengempetigo. Esikhundleni sokuqala njengentsholongwane yomqala, umkhuhlane obomvu wawuza kuqala ngeempawu zentsholongwane malunga nokutshisa okanye ukulimala.
Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu, i-red fever inokubangela kwimicimbi yempilweni yexesha elide, kuquka i-rheumatic fever neengxaki zeengtso. Kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba iingxaki ezinjalo zingavamile kwaye zingathinteka ngokuphelisa umkhuhlane omnyama (kunye nezinye izifo ezithintekayo) ngokukhawuleza kunye nekhosi epheleleyo ye-antibiotics.
Izizathu
Iibakala ze-strep strep zinoxanduva lweentlobo ezininzi zentsholongwane, kubandakanywa i-strep throat kunye nezifo ezithile zesikhumba. Iibhaktheriya ezise-strain ye-A strep strep ebangela imfiva ebomvu ivelise i-toxin ejongene nokugqithwa obomvu kunye "nolwimi lwe-strawberry" oluyimpawu ezizodwa zezifo.
Iqela le-strep bacteria lihamba ngamaconti e-fluid esulelekile ephuma emoyeni xa umntu osulelekileyo egqubuthela okanye ahlahlela. Ukuthintana nento into eyenziwa yii-bhakteria kwaye uthabathe umlomo wakho, amehlo, okanye impumlo kunokubangela ukuba utheleleke.
Esi sifo sisasazeka kwiimeko ezininzi. Ukuhlamba izandla kunye nokugubungela ukukhwehlela kunye ne-sneezes kunokukunceda ukukhusela ukusasazeka. Umntwana usasazekayo emva kweentsuku ezimbini ze-antibiotics.
Ukuxilongwa
I-scarlet fever ifunyaniswa ngendlela efana ne-strep throat. I- swab yomhobho ithathwa kwaye mhlawumbi uvavanyo lwe-strep olukhawulezayo lwenziwa okanye isampuli ikhutshwe ukuze ibone ukuba ibhaktheriya ye-streptococcus ikhona. Uvavanyo olukhawulezayo lunokubonisa imiphumo emihle kwimizuzu emihlanu ukuya kwe-10, kodwa iziphumo zenkcubeko zinokuthatha iintsuku ezimbini. Zomibini iimvavanyo ziya kuqhutywa ngenxa yokuba iimvavanyo ezikhawulezayo zingathembeki.
Unyango
Kukho iinkalo ezibalulekileyo zokuphatha i-red-fever-ukubulala ibhaktheriya kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu.
Inkqubo epheleleyo yeyeza-antibiotics ibalulekile. Amayeza asebenzisa i-penicillin kunye ne-amoxicillin. Kubantu abaxhamla kwi-penicillin, kukho iindlela ezininzi ezikhuselekileyo.
Ukujongana neempawu ezingenakukhathazeka kwaye ngamanye amazibuhlungu obomvu, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana zasemakhaya kunye ne-over-the-counter (OTC).
Ezi ziquka iinkqubo ezilula zokunciphisa isisu somzimba njengokutya ukutya okubandayo, ukusela utywala obufudumeleyo, nokusebenzisa igumbi ukugcina umoya omanzi. Izidakamizwa ezingekho-steroidal ezichasayo (i-NSAID) zinokukhupha umkhuhlane kwaye zinciphise i-aches yomzimba kunye neentlungu.
ILizwi
I-scarlet fever yayisisifo esiyingozi kwaye esasifanelekileyo ebuntwaneni. Ngekhulu le-19, kwakukho uxanduva lokufa kwabantwana abaninzi. Kaloku ukuba inokuphathwa ngokulula nangempumelelo, akusisongelo okokuqala. Kukho ukugqabhuka kwiminyaka yamuva, nangona kunjalo. Ukususela ngo-2014, inani leemfusa ebomvu laqala ukunyuka eNgilani naseMpuma yeAsia, umzekelo, ngokwembiko ka-2018 kwiLancet .
Abaphandi abaqinisekanga ukuba kwenzeke ntoni ukunyuka komfutho obomvu kula mazwe, nangona kucinga ukuba ukuchasana kwezinye iziza-antibiotics zingaba nendima e-Asia. Kodwa nangona uvuselelo lomkhuhlane obomvu ikakhulu kwimimandla yehlabathi, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba esi sifo asiyiyona isifo esiqhelekileyo sobuntwana bekubekho.
> Imithombo:
> Davies, MR. okqhubekayo. Ukufudumala kwe-Scarlet Fever Streptococcus Pyogenes Emm12 Clones e-Hong Kong Ixhamene ne-Toxin yokuThengwa kunye nokuShatyiswa kwama-Multidrug. Nat Genet . 2015 Jan; 47 (1): 84-7. INGXELO: 10.1038 / ng.3147.
> Guy, R., et.al. Ukwandiswa kwezaziso ze-Scarlet Fever e-United Kingdom, 2013/2014. Euro Surveill . 2014 uMar 27; 19 (12): 20749.
> Lamagni, T., et.al. Ukubuyiswa kwe-Scarlet Fever e-Ngilani, ngo-2014-16: Isifundo soLondolozo lwaBantu. Lancet . I-Vol 18, uNombolo 2. p180-187. Feb 2018. INGXELO: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099.17)30693-X.
> URalph, AP, uCarapetis, JR. Iqela le-Streptococcal Diseases kunye ne-Global Burden. I-Curr Top Microbiol Immunol , 2013; 368: 1-27. INGXELO: 10.1007 / 82_2012_280.