I-Gadolinium iyinxalenye yeekhemikhali (isinyithi esinzima) esinokuqulunqwa kunye nokuchithwa kwi-fluid ecacileyo elawulwa ngumgca we-intravenous kwaye isetyenziswe njenge-agent ngexesha lesibini se- MRI (imagination magnetic resonance) .IMRIs ne-gadolinium zinceda oogqirha ukuba bafumane, bavavanye kwaye ilonge umhlaza emzimbeni. I-FDA ivume ezi zilandelayo: i-agadolinium-based based agents:
- Omniscan
- OptiMARK
- Magnevist
- ProHance
- MultiHance
- Ablavar
- Dotarem
- Eovist
- Gadavist
Njengoko i-gadolinium ihamba ngegazi lakho kwaye ingena kwi-field magnetic, ubushushu bayo bukhula kancane; awuyi kuvakalelwa kwesi siphumo kuba inani lempahla lincinci. Iimpawu ezidalwe yi-gadolinium edlulayo zifunyenwe zixhobo ezikhethekileyo zomsakazo ngaphakathi komshini we-MRI. Ezi zibonakaliso zithunyelwa kwikhompyutheni, edala imifanekiso yesisu sebele. Ukuba khona kwe-gadolinium kwimifuno igxininisa ukujikeleza ngaphakathi kwebele yakho kwaye kunceda ukudala umfanekiso ophezulu. I-Gadolinium iya kupholisa njengoko iphuma kwintsimi yamandla kwaye iza kususwa kwinkqubo yakho ngeentso zakho.
Mngcipheko
Ii-MRIs zihlala zikhuselekileyo kunezinye iinkqubo zokuxilonga. Abasebenzisi i-radiation ionizing edibene nomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lwangoku lucebise ukuba kukho iingozi ezithintekayo kwi-gadolinium engazange ikwaziwa ngaphambili.
Ngo-2014, kwagqitywa uchungechunge lwezifundo ezintathu eziye zafumanisa unxibelelwano olukhoyo phakathi kwe-gadolinium kunye neengqondo ezingaqhelekanga. Ngelixa i-gadolinium ikholelwa ukuba iyacinywa ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni emva kwe-MRI, abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba i-gadolinium ayinakupheliswa kwangoko kwaye ingakwazi ukuhlala ehlala emzimbeni, echaphazela izicubu.
Ukuba khona kwe-gadolinium kunokukhokelela kwiintlungu ezifana ne- multiple sclerosis (MS) . Nangona ezi ziphumo ziboniswa kuphela kulezi zifundo zokuqala, yinto ekufuneka uyiqwalasele xa uqala unyango lwakho kwaye kufuneka uxoxwe nodokotela wakho.
Ngo-2015, i-FDA ikhishwe ukulandelelana kwengqondo edibeneyo kunye ne-gadolinium. Kubonakala ukuba le nto yayikukhathazeka ngakumbi ukuba umntu kufuneka abe ne-MRIs emine okanye ngaphezulu esebenzisa la ma-agent. Nangona kunjalo, nangona kunjalo, awaziwa ukuba ingaba yingozi. I-Gadolinium inokugcinwa kwesikhumba nasemathanjeni.
Akukho zibizo ezikhoyo ezazisuka kumaziko omsakazo asetyenziswa ngexesha lesikhathi seMRI.
NgoDisemba 2006, i-Advisory Health Advisory yakhutshwe yi-FDA malunga neengxaki zesikhumba ezingaqhelekanga ezinokubangelwa yi-gadolinium. Kwezinye iimeko, i-gadolinium ingabangela i-nephrogenic systemic fibrosis okanye i-nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy (NSF / NFD). I-NSF / NFD inokuvela iintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwiinyanga ezili-18 emva kokungena kwi-gadolinium. Kwabikwa kwizigulane ezinokuphelelwa kweengso kunye ne-acidosis.
I-NSF isifo esibuhlungu esikhumbeni esichaphazelekayo sikhumba. Inxulumene nentlungu edibeneyo kunye nenqanaba elincitshisiweyo leveki zokuqala emva kweenyanga emva kokuba inkqubo yenziwe.
Ezi ziqhamo zivame ukuba zingabonakali kwaye ii-MRIs zisebenzisa i-gadolinium agents zisetyenziswa rhoqo kwaye zicetyiswa ukucacisa ubukho kunye nokukhula komhlaza.
I-Gadolinium kunye ne-Breast MRIs
I-MRIs yesisu isebenzisa umthamo ophantsi kakhulu we-gadolinium, ngoko oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba akukho mngcipheko wokugqithisa ngokweqile okanye umbane. I-MRI esicacekileyo, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwe-gadolinium, inenzuzo enkulu kumfazi osengozini enkulu yomhlaza wesifuba. Iyakwazi ukumisela umdlavuza kumanyathelo okuqala, ukuvumela ukungenelela kwangaphambili kunye nonyango olululo.
Kukho iingxelo ezimalunga nama-200 ze-NSF / NFD ingxelo kwihlabathi jikelele, kwizigulane ezineemvavanyo zeMagnetic Resonance Angiogram (MRA) .
I-MRA isebenzisa kathathu ngaphezu kwe-gadolinium ngaphezu kwe-MRI yebele.
Okukwintsusa
Ngaphandle kweziganeko ezingaqhelekanga ze-NSF / NFD, akuqinisekanga ukuba ingozi yegadolinium ingaba yintoni. Siyazi ukuba lwakhiwa kwingqondo, kwesikhumba, nakumathambo, kodwa kubonakala ngathi abo baninzi (inkqubo engaphezu kwezine) iinkqubo zisebenzisa i-arhente basengozini enkulu. Sekunjalo, asiyazi ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani le klinikhi ngeli xesha, kwaye i-FDA iyaqhubeka iliso kwaye igcine eli xesha.
Thetha ugqirha ukuba unenkxalabo malunga neenkqubo zokuxilonga kunye neyeza. Unokukunceda uqonde iingozi kunye neenzuzo zenketho nganye. Yiba ngummeli wakho. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba kukho uvavanyo oluthile onokukwenza oluya kunika ulwazi olufanayo. Oko kwathiwa, phantse nayiphi na inkqubo yonyango inokubeka ingozi yobunzima beengxaki, kwaye izifundo ze-MRI, ekubeni zingabandakanyi i-radiation i-radiation, zinokukhuseleka ngokubanzi kunezinye iindlela.
> Imithombo:
> Ulawulo lweZiko lokuTya kunye neDrug. Ulwaphulo-mthetho lwe-FDA lweNgcaciso loLwazi: i-FDA Ukuphonononga ingozi ye-Brain Deposits kunye nokusetyenziswa okuphindaphindiweyo kwe-Gaalinium-Based Based Contrast. 07/27/15. https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm455386.htm
> Ulawulo lweZiko lokuTya kunye neDrug. I-FDA Ukhuseleko Lwabiwo-Drug: I-FDA Ichonga Akukho Miphumo emibi ukuza kuBanjelwa ngoBongo Ukugcinwa koBugolinium-Based Based Agents ye-MRIs; Ukuhlaziya ukuqhubeka. 05/22/17. https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm559007.htm