Ngaba ubona iinkwenkwezi okanye ukukhanya kwesikhanya ngezinye izihlandlo? Akusikho isikhalazo esingaqhelekanga, kwaye ininzi yexesha unganakhathazeka. Ukuba uvale amehlo akho uphinde uwahlabe, mhlawumbi uza kubona amabala kunye nokukhanya kokukhanya. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kwenzeka rhoqo, kufuneka uhlolisise amehlo akho nje ukuba kukho uphawu lwezinto ezinzulu.
IFoshene
Ngezinye iinkwenkwezi kwaye zikhanyisa zibona zibizwa ngokuba yi "phosphenes," okubonakalayo okubonakalayo ekuboneni ukukhanya ngaphandle kokuba ukukhanya kungena kwijiso.
Igama elithi "phosphene" livela kumazwi esiGrike e- phos (ukukhanya) kunye ne- phainein (ukubonisa).
Iifossphenes eziqhelekileyo ziyi-phosphenes enoxinzelelo. Ukuhluthwa amehlo xa kuvaliwe kuvusa iiseli ze- retina . I- nertic optic iguqulela olu xinzelelo kwimifanekiso eyahlukeneyo. I-phosphenes yoxinzelelo ingakwazi ukuhlala imizuzwana embalwa emva kokuba i-rubbing ishiyiwe kwaye amehlo avulekileyo, ukuvumela ukuba i-phosphenes ibonakale.
UIsake Newton ubonise umzekelo we-phosphene yoxinzelelo ngokuchukumisa ngenyameko kwiso ukuze abonakalise umgca webala lokukhanya ngaphesheya. Olunye uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-phosphene "lubona iinkwenkwezi." Ngamanye amaxesha umntu unokubona ukukhanya okanye iindawo zokukhanya ezivela kumnxeba, ukukhwehlela okukhulu, ukuqhuma ngamandla entloko, okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi, njengoko emva kokuma ngokukhawuleza.
Nangona ukubona iinkwenkwezi zihlala zikhokelela ekubeni zivuseleleke, zingakhokelela ekuvuselelweni kwamatshini kunye neethambo ze-neurons ze-cortex ezibonakalayo okanye kwezinye iindawo zeso.
Abaphandi baye bavelisa iinkqubo ezikhuthaza i-phosphenes ukunceda ukubuyisela umbono kubantu abalahlekelwe yimbono yabo eyimpumputhe kwiingozi. I-electrodes nayo isetyenziselwa kwisalathisi ukuvelisa i-phosphenes. Uphando luye lwabonisa ukuba xa i-cortex ebonakalayo ivuselelwa ngokwaneleyo, i-phosphenes iveliswa kwinqanaba elincinane lembonakalo.
Valsalva Maneuver
Umqhubi we-valsalva ngumsebenzi wokutshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza xa ugcina umlomo neempumlo zivalekile. Idala uxinzelelo kumzimba ophezulu kunye nentloko. Ngokuqhelekileyo, akuyona into enempilo yokwenza, nangona isenzo sisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuphazamiseka komzimba.
Ngamanye amaxesha olu xinzelelo lunokubangela ukuba ubone amabala okukhanya okungafumaneka emva kokunyuka okanye ukukhwehlela kanzima. Oku kuya kubangelwa ukuxinwa kanzima xa uphakamisa into enzima kakhulu okanye uzama ukuba neentshukumo zokuhamba.
I-postural okanye i-Orthostatic Hypotension
I-Orthostatic hypotension ibangelwa ngokukhawuleza kwehlisa uxinzelelo lwegazi. Iindlela zomzimba zengcamango ezizama ukugcina uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokuphuma kwegazi kwingqondo ngokukhawuleza ukukhaba, kwaye intliziyo ivuselelwe ukunyusa imveliso.
Imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu iyatshintsha, echaphazela uxinzelelo lwegazi. Ezi zinguqu zichaphazela ingqondo, kwaye sibona iinkwenkwezi. Oku kwenzeka xa siye salala ixesha elide kwaye simi ngokukhawuleza.
Ophthalmic Migraines
Amanye ama-migraine ane-aura ebonakalayo ebonwa ngabantu, edlalwa ngaphambili. Abanye abantu abazange bafumane intloko kodwa bajonga i-aura ebonakalayo. I-aura inokuba yimibala ye-prismatic, ukukhanya kokukhanya, kwaye ngezinye iinkwenkwezi.
Ngokuqhelekileyo bahlala malunga nemizuzu engama-20 baze bahambe. Ukuba intloko ilandela ukukhanya, ibizwa ngokuba "intloko yesisu." Ukuba ezi zibane okanye imigca yokukhanya ivela ngaphandle kwentlungu, ibizwa ngokuba "i-ophthalmic migraine," okanye i-migraine ngaphandle kwentloko.
I-Posterior Vitreous Detachment
I-posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) yinto eqhelekileyo ibangelwa kukuguga. I-vitreous, ephikisana ne-retina, yinto efana ne-jelly ezalisa kwinqanaba leso. Yenziwe ngokubanzi ngamanzi, i-vitreous fluid inikeza iliso ukuma kwayo.
Njengoko sikhula, ukubunjwa kweenguqu ze-vitreous kwaye kuya kuba nzima.
Olu tshintsho ngezinye izikhathi lubangela i-vitreous ukuba idonse kwi-retina. Ukuba amandla okudonsa akomelele ngokwaneleyo, i-vitreous ingabelana ngokwenene kwi- retina . Xa oku kwenzeka, sibona ukukhanya kweenkwenkwezi okanye iinkwenkwezi. Ininzi yexesha i-PVD iyacaphukisa kodwa ingozi. Nangona kunjalo, malunga neepesenti ezingama-5 zexesha, i-PVD inokubangela i-retinal tear or detachment.
ILizwi
Nangona ngokuqhelekileyo kungenakulimala, ukukhanya okukhanya rhoqo kunokuba ngumqondiso wesilumkiso sento enzulu kakhulu. Uvavanyo olujongene neliso luya kufuneka ukuze kutholakale imbangela. Abantu abazalwa beyimfama abazange babone i-phosphenes. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ulahlekelwa ngumbono wakho ngenxa yesifo okanye ukulimala, ngokuqhelekileyo awuyi kugcina ukulahlekelwa nguwuphi umsebenzi obonwayo. I-Phosphenes inokuvela kwimimandla eyahlukileyo yenkqubo yokubukela, ngoko abantu abangekhe babone bakwazi ukuhlala bekwazi ukubona i-phosphenes.
> Umthombo:
> Kahawita S, uSimon S, Gilhotra J. Ukukhanyisa kunye neendawo zokuhamba - indlela efanelekileyo yokuhlola nokulawula . Aust Fam Physician. 2014 kuMatshi; 43 (4): 201-3.