Igama elithi "isifo se-gallbladder" ichaza nayiphi na ingxaki yempilo echaphazela i-gallbladder.
Nangona isifo esiqhelekileyo se-gallbladder isifo se-gallstones (esibizwa ngokuthi yi-cholelithiasis), kukho ezinye izimbangela, kuquka ne-gallbladder inflammation (ebizwa ngokuba yi-cholecystitis), i-dyskinesia yebhiliyali, isifo se-gallbladder, isifo se-sclerosing cholangitis, kunye nomhlaza we-gallbladder.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo
I-Gallstones yiyona nto ibonakalayo yesifo se gallbladder kunye nesimo ngenxa ye- cholesterol kakhulu okanye i-bilirubin (i-pigment eyenziwa kwisibindi xa iiseli zegazi ezibomvu zidiliziwe).
I-Gallstones ziyi-crystals ezifake ngaphakathi kwe-gallbladder, elilungu lombumba elisezantsi kwicala lesibindi phantsi kwesibindi sakho. Injongo yakho ephambili ye-gallbladder kukugcina i-fluid, ebizwa ngokuba yi-bile, eyenziwa yisibindi. Ibhokhwe iyimfuneko yokugaya kunye nokunyusa amafutha kunye namavithamini athile ekudleni okutyayo.
Nge- cholestolol gallstones , i-bile yakho "igxininiswe" nge-cholesterol kwaye ayikwazi ukuyidiliza njengokuba isenza njalo, ngoko ke umatye ifom. Uninzi lwabantu abanama-gallstones e-United States banamatye e-cholesterol.
Iigolstones zengulube zingenza ukuba kukho i-bilirubin kakhulu. Izimo zonyango njenge-cirrhosis (kakhulu i-bilirubin eyenziwa sisibindi) kunye nesifo segciwane lesigulane (apho amangqamuzana egazi abomvu aphuhliweyo) angabangela amatye e-pigment.
Ekugqibeleni, i-gallstones inokwenza ukuba i-gallbladder ingenanto inobumba ngokufanelekileyo (oku kuthiwa yi-bile stasis).
Ezinye zezinto ezinobungozi bokuphuhlisa i-gallstones ziquka:
- Ngokwesini
- Umdala ongaphezu kwama-40
- Ukukhulelwa
- Ukunyanya
- Ukutya okuphezulu kwi-cholesterol, i-carbohydrate ecocekileyo (umzekelo, isinkwa esimhlophe), kunye namafutha apheleleyo (umzekelo, ushizi, ibhotela, kunye nobomvu)
- Indlela yokuphila
- Ukulahleka kwesisindo
- Izifo ezisisiseko (umzekelo, isifo sikashukela, isifo se-metabolic syndrome, i-cirrhosis, isifo sika-Crohn, i-cystic fibrosis, isifo segulane yesifo, okanye umonakalo wesiginxa)
- Amachiza anesifo se-estrogen, njengemithi yokukhulelwa komlomo okanye unyango oluthathekileyo lwe-hormone
- Amanye amayeza afana ne-Sandostatin (octreotide), i-Rocephin (ceftriaxone), kunye ne-thiazide diuretics njenge-Microzide (i-hydrochlorothiazide)
Izizathu eziphambili
Ezinye izizathu zihambelana nesifo se gallbladder.
Cholecystitis
Ukuvuvukala kwe-gallbladder (ebizwa ngokuba yi-cholecystitis) inokuphuhliswa njengesiphumo se-gallstones (esibizwa ngokuba yi-acute cholecystitis) okanye ngaphantsi, ngokungekho i-gallstones (ebizwa ngokuba yi-acalculous cholecystitis).
I-cholecystitis ekhangayo ivela xa i-gallstone efakwa ngaphakathi kwindlela yokusebenza ye-cystic, ekhokelela ekugqibeleni kwe-gallbladder. Ukongezelela kwintlungu eqhelekileyo (i-bilicary colic) yokuba ne-gallstone, umntu unokuba nomkhuhlane, isisongela, ukuhlanza, i-malaise, kunye / okanye ukulahleka kwesidlo. Inani eliphezulu lamhlophe yegazi lihlala likhona.
I-acalculous cholecystitis ibangela iimpawu kunye neempawu ezifana ne-acute cholecystitis, nangona kunjalo, akukho golstone ekhona. Kunoko, iingcali zikholelwa ukuba le miphumo ivela kwi-gallbladder stasis kunye ne-ischemia (ukuhamba kwegazi okungapheliyo).
Olu hlobo lwesifo se-gallbladder ngokuqhelekileyo luvela kwizigulane ezigula kakhulu.
Ezinye izinto ezandisa amathuba omntu wokuphuhlisa izifo ze-acalculous gallbladder ziquka:
- Izifo ezinzulu (umzekelo, i-leukemia, i-AID, i-heart disorders, i-AID, i-heart disorders disease, i-heart failure of diabetes, isifo sesifo sesifo, kunye ne-vasculitis)
- Burns
- Ukuzala
- Ukuxhatshazwa komzimba
- Intsholongwane enkulu okanye ingozi
- Amanye amayeza (umzekelo, opiates)
- Ukumpontshelwa ezininzi
- Umoya wokungenisa umoya
- Ukufumana ukutya okunomsoco nge-vein yakho (ebizwa ngokuba ngumthamo we-parenteral isondlo)
Biliary Dyskinesia
I-Biliary dyskinesia ichaza isifo se-bridary system yokuvimbela ukuhambelana nokusebenza okungaqhelekanga kwe-sphincter ye-Oddi-isakhiwo se-muscular esijikeleze indawo apho i-buct ye-bison efana nayo ifakwa kunye ne-pancreatic disuct njengoko ingena emathunjini amancinci.
Ekubeni i-sphincter ye-Oddi ayisebenzi kakuhle kule sifo, kunokukhutshwa kwebhiliyari. Ezi ziqabana ezihambelanayo ze-biliary obstruction zibangele intlungu-njengentlungu-intlungu engapheliyo, eqhubekayo kwi-right upper or upper part of the bdom.
Nangona i-ultrasound yesisu idibanisa i-buct ye-bycle ejwayelekile, uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-sphincter ye-mandi yamometri ingasetyenziselwa ukuxilonga ngokucacileyo i-dyskinesia ye-biliary. Ukuba i-sphincter ye-Oddi ingcinezelo iphakanyisiwe (ukuvavanya kulungile), umntu unokususwa kwe-sphincter (ebizwa ngokuthi i-endoscopic sphincterotomy).
Akucaci oko kubangela i-dyskinesia yebhiliyari. Kubonakala ngokuqhelekileyo kubantu abaye basusa i-gallbladders; nangona uninzi lwabantu abaye balususa i-gallbladders abazange bafumane i-biliary dyskinesia. Ezinye iingcali zicebise ukuba le miphumo iphumelela kwi-spasm okanye ukulahleka kweentsimbi kwi-sphincter muscle.
Disorder Gallbladder Disorder
Ingxaki yokusebenza ye-gallbladder ibhekiselele kubantu abanobuhlungu bebhilidi (ukungabikho kwinqanaba eliphezulu okanye kwisiko lesisu) ngokungabikho kwama-gallstones okanye i-sphincter ye-Oddi ukungasebenzi.
Abantu abaneentsholongwane ze-gallbladder eziqhelekileyo banokuhlolwa kwegazi ngokuqhelekileyo, ngaphandle kobungqina bokuqhaqhazela okanye iingxaki zesibindi. Kananjalo bane-ultrasound evamile ye gallbladder kungekho bungqina bentsimbi.
Emva kokulawula ezinye iimeko ezinokuthi zifanise intlungu yebhilidi (umzekelo, isifo sesifo senhliziyo okanye isifo sesilonda sesilonda), umntu unokufumana uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-cholescystokinin (CCK) -sululultigraphy esicatshulwayo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-gallbladder disorder.
Olu vavanyo lubalwa iqhekeza le-ejection ye gallbladder (ingakanani umculi oshiya i-gallbladder). Ukuba iqhekeza le-ejection liphantsi, njengamaphesenti angaphantsi kwama-40, uvavanyo luxhasa ukuxilongwa kwe-functional gallbladder disorder. Ukunyangwa kwesi sifo kukubandakanya ukususwa kwe-gallbladder (ebizwa ngokuba yi-cholecystectomy).
Ngelixa lingaqondakali, kunokwenzeka ukuba abantu abaneenkcenkceshela zokuxhamla isisu (umzekelo, ukugqithiswa kwesisu esingaqhelekanga) kungasengozini yokuphucula i-gallbladder disorder function.
I-Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
I-Primary sclerosis cholangitis (PSC) isifo esihlala ixesha elide esikhokelela ekugqibeleni kwe-bile. Ngenxa yokuvuvukala okungapheliyo, i-bile ducts iyaba yingozi, ibangela i-blockages, ngakho-ke i-bile ayikwazi ukucima. Ngenxa yoko, i-bile iyakha kwisibindi, iwonakalisa iiselingi zesibindi kwaye ibangela i-cirrhosis. Ukuba ingaphathwa unyango lokufakelwa kwesibindi, i-PSC ingakhokelela kwisibindi sesibindi kunye / okanye i-gallbladder umhlaza.
Into ebalulekileyo yengozi yokuphuhlisa i-PSC ine-ulcerative colitis. Enyanisweni, uninzi lwabantu abane-PSC bane-ulcerative colitis. Kwiphepha le-flip, kuphela ipesenteji encinci yabantu abane-ulcerative colitis ekugqibeleni bahlakulele i-PSC.
Gallbladder Cancer
Umhlaza we-Gallbladder awunqabile kwaye uvela xa iiseli kwi-gallbladder zikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye zingalawulekiyo.
Zombini i-gallstones kunye ne-primary sclerosis cholangitis yandisa amathuba omntu wokuphucula umdlavuza we-gallbladder, nangona ama-gallstones aqheleke kakhulu. Enyanisweni, ngokwe-American Cancer Society, ubuncinane abantu abathathu kwababane abane-cancer ye-gallbladder banama-gallstones xa bafumanisa.
Eminye imingcipheko yokuphuhlisa isifo se-gallbladder iquka:
- Ngokwesini
- Yobudala
- Ukunyanya
- Uhlanga (iMexico yaseMelika okanye iMelika yaseMelika)
- Ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane yebhakteria, iSalmonella Typhi
- IiCyst ngaphakathi kwimizila ye-bile
- Gallbladder polyps
- Ukungaqhelekanga kwimiba ye-bile
> Imithombo:
> Afdhal N. (2017). Acalculous cholecystitis. Ukubonakaliswa kwezonyango, ukuxilongwa kunye nokulawula. U-Ashley SW, uLindor KD (ed). UpToDate, Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc.
> I-American Cancer Society. (2016). Ziziphi izinto ezibeka ingozi kwi-Gallbladder Cancer?
> Catalano MF, Thosani NC. (2016). Ukubonakaliswa kwezonyango kunye nokuxilongwa kwe-sphincter ye-Oddi ukungasebenzi. UHowell DA (ed). UpToDate, Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc.
> UJessri M, uRashidkhan B. Iipatheni zokutya kunye nomngcipheko wesifo se-gallbladder: Isifundo esisekelwe esibhedlele-ukulawulwa kwamatyala kubantu abadala abasetyhini. J Health Popul Nutriti. Ngo-2015 uMar; 33 (1): 39-49.
> Stinton ML, uShaffer EA. I-Epidemiology ye-Gallbladder Izifo: I-Cholelithiasis kunye neCarcer. Gut Liver . 2010 uMbhi; 6 (2): 172-87.